Puppet cron資源介紹(二十七)
cron資源
主要用來管理操作系統的定時任務(即crontab),之前文章也寫過一個cron模塊舉例,計劃任務並非都要使用cron資源,linux下只要將一個文件放置/var/spool/cron目錄下其實crontab就會執行,之前的文章也是這樣寫的.
cron資源屬性:
cron { ‘resource title‘: name => # (namevar) The symbolic name of the cron job. This name is ensure => # The basic property that the resource should be... command => # The command to execute in the cron job. The... environment => # Any environment settings associated with this... hour => # The hour at which to run the cron job. Optional; minute => # The minute at which to run the cron job... month => # The month of the year. Optional; if specified... monthday => # The day of the month on which to run the... provider => # The specific backend to use for this `cron... special => # A special value such as ‘reboot‘ or ‘annually‘... target => # The name of the crontab file in which the cron... user => # The user who owns the cron job. This user must... weekday => # The weekday on which to run the command... # ...plus any applicable metaparameters. }
參數註釋:
command:crontab要執行的命令,由於環境變量的問題,建議調用命令時使用絕對路徑,或指定cron資源的environment屬性.
ensure:指定該資源是否啟用,可設置present值表示啟用,設置absent值表示關閉.
environment:在crontab環境裏指定環境變量,如PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin.也可以通過:導入更多環境變量.
hour:運行crontab的小時,可設置成0-23,單位是小時.
minute:運行crontab的分鐘,可設置為0-59,單位是分鐘.
month:設置crontab運行的月份,可設置成1-12,單位是月.
monthday:一個月中的哪一天,可設置成1-31,單位是日.
weekday:運行crontab的星期數,可設置為0-7,單位是天.
name:crontab的註釋,註釋用於幫助管理員區分不同的crontab.
provider:默認是系統自帶的crontab程序,通常不需要指定此參數值,puppet會默認匹配系統自帶的定時管理任務程序.
user:將crontab加入某一個系統賬號中,默認是加入執行守護進程的系統賬戶中.
示例一:
定義crontab計劃任務同步ntpdate服務器時間.
定義ntpdate類,做計劃任務.
class cron::ntpdate { cron {"ntpdate": ensure => present, command => ‘/usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org‘, user => ‘root‘, minute => ‘*/5‘, } }
node節點中添加此計劃任務.
node /sh-(proxy|web)\d+/ inherits base { case $::hostname { /sh-proxy\d+/: { include nginx } "sh-web1": { include haproxy include cron::ntpdate } } }
客戶端同步ntpdate.
[root@sh-web1 haproxy]# puppet agent -t Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Loading facts Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version ‘1508433121‘ Notice: /Stage[main]/Admin/Exec[selinux]/returns: executed successfully Notice: /Stage[main]/Cron::Ntpdate/Cron[ntpdate]/ensure: created Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.43 seconds
查看計劃任務.
[root@sh-web1 haproxy]# crontab -l # HEADER: This file was autogenerated at Fri Oct 20 01:12:02 +0800 2017 by puppet. # HEADER: While it can still be managed manually, it is definitely not recommended. # HEADER: Note particularly that the comments starting with ‘Puppet Name‘ should # HEADER: not be deleted, as doing so could cause duplicate cron jobs. # Puppet Name: ntpdate */5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org
示例二:
做一個ping計劃任務,每天的2,4點執行ping,註意使用"[]".
node /sh-(proxy|web)\d+/ inherits base { case $::hostname { /sh-proxy\d+/: { include nginx } "sh-web1": { include haproxy include cron::ntpdate include cron::ping } } }
class cron::ping { cron {"ping": command => ‘ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null‘, user => ‘root‘, hour => [2, 4], } }
客戶端執行:
[root@sh-web1 haproxy]# puppet agent -t Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Loading facts Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version ‘1508433611‘ Notice: /Stage[main]/Admin/Exec[selinux]/returns: executed successfully Notice: /Stage[main]/Cron::Ping/Cron[ping]/ensure: created Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.42 seconds
crontab計劃任務查看:
[root@sh-web1 haproxy]# crontab -l # HEADER: This file was autogenerated at Thu Oct 19 17:19:52 +0800 2017 by puppet. # HEADER: While it can still be managed manually, it is definitely not recommended. # HEADER: Note particularly that the comments starting with ‘Puppet Name‘ should # HEADER: not be deleted, as doing so could cause duplicate cron jobs. # Puppet Name: ntpdate */5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org # Puppet Name: ping * 2,4 * * * ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null
示例三:
執行ping計劃任務,每天2-4之間,每隔10分鐘執行一次.
class cron::ping { cron {"ping": command => ‘ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null‘, user => ‘root‘, hour => [‘2-4‘], minute => ‘*/10‘, } }
客戶端更新:
[root@sh-web1 haproxy]# puppet agent -t Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Loading facts Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version ‘1508433856‘ Notice: /Stage[main]/Admin/Exec[selinux]/returns: executed successfully Notice: /Stage[main]/Cron::Ping/Cron[ping]/minute: defined ‘minute‘ as ‘*/10‘ Notice: /Stage[main]/Cron::Ping/Cron[ping]/hour: hour changed ‘2,4‘ to ‘2-4‘ Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.36 seconds
計劃任務查看.
[root@sh-web1 haproxy]# crontab -l # HEADER: This file was autogenerated at Thu Oct 19 17:23:56 +0800 2017 by puppet. # HEADER: While it can still be managed manually, it is definitely not recommended. # HEADER: Note particularly that the comments starting with ‘Puppet Name‘ should # HEADER: not be deleted, as doing so could cause duplicate cron jobs. # Puppet Name: ntpdate */5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org # Puppet Name: ping */10 2-4 * * * ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null
本文出自 “青衫解衣” 博客,請務必保留此出處http://215687833.blog.51cto.com/6724358/1975231
Puppet cron資源介紹(二十七)