Zabbix監控之低級自動發現以及MySQL多實例
阿新 • • 發佈：2017-12-18
zabbix 低級自動發現
概述
Zabbix的網絡發現是指zabbix server通過配置好的規則，自動添加host，group，template
Zabbix的主動註冊剛好和網絡發現是相反的，功能基本一致。zabbix agent主動聯系zabbix server，server自動添加host，group，template
以上兩種方式都是發現host，添加host，而low-level discovery（低級自動發現）更加底層，用於發現item，trigger，graph等等。
2.MySQL多實例的低級自動發現
（1）配置3307、3308的實例
[root@linux-node2 ~]# mkdir /data/{3307,3308} -p
[root@linux-node2 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data
[root@linux-node2 ~]# cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my3307.cnf
[root@linux-node2 ~]# vim /etc/my3307.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/3307
socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
port=3307
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/3307/mariadb.log
pid-file=/data/3307/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[root@linux-node2 ~]# cp /etc/my3307.cnf /etc/my3308.cnf
[root@linux-node2 ~]# vim /etc/my3308.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/3308
socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
port=3308
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/3308/mariadb.log
pid-file=/data/3308/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
（2）初始化數據庫
[root@linux-node2 ~]# mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/3307' ...
171218 12:01:02 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.56-MariaDB) starting as process 4804 ...
OK
Filling help tables...
171218 12:01:02 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.56-MariaDB) starting as process 4813 ...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
'/usr/bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password'
'/usr/bin/mysqladmin' -u root -h linux-node2 password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
'/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation'
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.
You can start the MariaDB daemon with:
cd '/usr' ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/data/3307'
You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd '/usr/mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira
The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
https://mariadb.org/get-involved/
[root@linux-node2 ~]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my3307.cnf &
[1] 4825
[root@linux-node2 ~]# 171218 12:01:53 mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/3307/mariadb.log'.
171218 12:01:53 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/3307
[root@linux-node2 ~]# mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my3308.cnf
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/3308' ...
171218 12:03:48 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.56-MariaDB) starting as process 5041 ...
OK
Filling help tables...
171218 12:03:48 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.56-MariaDB) starting as process 5049 ...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
'/usr/bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password'
'/usr/bin/mysqladmin' -u root -h linux-node2 password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
'/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation'
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.
You can start the MariaDB daemon with:
cd '/usr' ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/data/3308'
You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd '/usr/mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira
The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
https://mariadb.org/get-involved/
[root@linux-node2 ~]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my3308.cnf &
[2] 5061
[root@linux-node2 ~]# 171218 12:03:56 mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/3308/mariadb.log'.
171218 12:03:56 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/3308
[root@linux-node2 ~]# netstat -tulnp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3307 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4972/mysqld
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3308 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5207/mysqld
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 8237/nginx: master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 866/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2235/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3263/zabbix_agentd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4645/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 866/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2235/master
tcp6 0 0 :::10050 :::* LISTEN 3263/zabbix_agentd
[root@linux-node2 ~]# netstat -tulnp |grep mysql|awk -F "[ :]+" '{print $5}'
3307
3308
3306
（3）編寫獲取端口號的shell腳本
[root@linux-node2 scripts]# vim discovery_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
#mysql low-lever discovery
res=`netstat -lntp|grep mysql |awk -F "[ :]+" '{print $5}'`
port=($res)
printf '{'
printf '"data":['
for key in ${!port[@]}
do
if [[ "${#port[@]}" -gt 1 && "${key}" -ne "$((${#port[@]}-1))" ]];then
printf '{'
printf "\"{#MYSQLPORT}\":\"${port[${key}]}\"},"
else [[ "${key}" -eq "((${#port[@]}-1))" ]]
printf '{'
printf "\"{#MYSQLPORT}\":\"${port[${key}]}\"}"
fi
done
printf ']'
printf '}'
[root@linux-node2 scripts]# sh discovery_mysql.sh |python -m json.tool #采用json格式顯示
{
"data": [
{
"{#MYSQLPORT}": "3307"
},
{
"{#MYSQLPORT}": "3308"
},
{
"{#MYSQLPORT}": "3306"
}
]
}
[root@linux-node2 zabbix_agentd.d]# vim discovery_mysql.conf #編輯自定義key
UserParameter=discovery_mysql,/bin/bash /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/scripts/discovery_mysql.sh
[root@linux-node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s linux-node2 -k discovery_mysql #測試server端獲取數據
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
{"data":[]}
#這裏報錯是因為netstat -tulnp的參數-p在執行時需要root的權限，這裏使用suid的方式進行授權
[root@linux-node2 ~]# chmod u+s `which netstat`
[root@linux-node2 ~]# ll `which netstat`
-rwsr-xr-x. 1 root root 155000 8月 3 17:17 /usr/bin/netstat
[root@linux-node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s linux-node2 -k discovery_mysql
{"data":[{"{#MYSQLPORT}":"3307"},{"{#MYSQLPORT}":"3308"},{"{#MYSQLPORT}":"3306"}]}
（4）編輯自定義key，獲取每個端口的狀態數據
[root@linux-node2 zabbix_agentd.d]# cat userparameter_mysql.conf
UserParameter=mysql.status[*],echo "show global status where Variable_name='$2';" | HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P $1 -N | awk '{print $$2}'
修改不同端口的mysql密碼：
[root@linux-node2 zabbix_agentd.d]# mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot password '123456' -P3306
[root@linux-node2 zabbix_agentd.d]# mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot password '123456' -P3307
[root@linux-node2 zabbix_agentd.d]# mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot password '123456' -P3308
測試是否正常
[root@linux-node2 zabbix_agentd.d]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P3306 -e "use mysql;show GLOBAL VARIABLES like 'port';"
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| port | 3306 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@linux-node2 zabbix_agentd.d]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P3307 -e "use mysql;show GLOBAL VARIABLES like 'port';"
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| port | 3307 |
+---------------+-------+
[root@linux-node2 zabbix_agentd.d]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P3308 -e "use mysql;show GLOBAL VARIABLES like 'port';"
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| port | 3308 |
+---------------+-------+
zabbix_get測試是否能正常獲取數據：
[root@linux-node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s linux-node2 -k mysql.status[3306,Bytes_sent]
18083.創建發現規則
這裏直接在linux-node2上進行創建
"Configuration"-->"Host"-->"linux-node2"-->"Discovery"-->"Create discovery rule"-->"Add"
創建 Item prototypes，其實就是一個創建一個 item
Item prototypes (0)>>create Item prototypes，按照官方模板來配置。這裏配5個展示
再查看Host中的item項，會多出以下監控項：
查看監控最新數據圖表，即可看到3306、3307、3308的數據庫狀態信息：
Zabbix監控之低級自動發現以及MySQL多實例