--------blogs: 陳月白 http://www.cnblogs.com/chenyuebai --------

一、概述

妹子工作時需要大量地查詢火車車次至南京的信息，包括該車次到達站（南京站or南京南站）、到達時間、出發時間等，然後根據這些信息做下一步工作。

版本結束，趁著間歇期，幫她弄了個簡易的批量查詢工具，粉色的按鈕是給她用的~哈哈哈！ (?*?*?)

大概80行代碼，主要是：

界面讀取待查詢車次 - - - - 調用車次信息接口- - - - 解析返回數據 - - - - 組裝結果 - - - - 封裝到界面（tkinter）

python+tkinter實現界面，詳見之前的學習筆記：http://www.cnblogs.com/chenyuebai/p/7150382.html

最終效果圖：

二、實現

1.界面讀取待查詢車次

之前總結過使用tkinter實現GUI，詳見之前的筆記：http://www.cnblogs.com/chenyuebai/p/7150382.html

2.調用車次信息接口

題外話，之前是做的從界面讀取待查詢車次信息，然後構造成攜程的查詢url，取到數據後篩選信息；

但後續在取到頁面數據後，decode時發現總拋解碼異常，百度之，原因是頁面源碼中編碼格式有多樣，decode時需要加個錯誤跳過參數。。

但車次信息恰巧在跳過之列。。。

但是已經跟妹子說很快就能搞好（裝b），於是就直接申請了某第三方平臺的接口 QAQ

網上查了下，免費的接口基本都不提供服務了。於是用的某第三方平臺的接口

    #調用車次信息接口，獲取車次信息
    def getTrainScheduleInfo(self,trainSchedule):
        trainBaseInfo = ""
        #拼接URL
        url = "http://api.xxxx.com/train/line?appkey=xxxxxx&trainno=" + trainSchedule
        #print(url)
        #獲取數據
        try:
            trainBaseInfo 
 
= self.send_GET_request(url)　　#發送GET請求，python3.X是用urllib.request庫，網上很多
        except:
            print("ERROR:FUNC getTrainScheduleInfo select_items_from_url failed.url = %s ,flag = %s"%(trainSchedule))
        return trainBaseInfo

3.解析返回數據

返回數據為json類型的字符串，直接json.loads後，解析即可

#獲取所有待查詢車次信息
        allTrainResultDic = {}      #車次查詢結果集合
        for trainSchedule in trainScheduleList:
            trainBaseInfo = self.getTrainScheduleInfo(trainSchedule)        #json string
            # #----測試----
            # trainBaseInfo = ‘‘‘{"status":"0","msg":"ok","result":{"trainno":"G8","type":"高鐵","list":[{"sequenceno":"1","station":"上海虹橋","day":"1","arrivaltime":"----","departuretime":"19:00","stoptime":"0","costtime":"0","distance":"0","isend":"0","pricesw":"","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"0.0","priceed":"0.0"},{"sequenceno":"2","station":"南京南","day":"1","arrivaltime":"20:00","departuretime":"20:02","stoptime":"2","costtime":"60","distance":"295","isend":"0","pricesw":"429.5","pricetd":"0","pricegr1":"0","pricegr2":"0","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"229.5","priceed":"134.5"},{"sequenceno":"3","station":"濟南西","day":"1","arrivaltime":"21:59","departuretime":"22:01","stoptime":"2","costtime":"179","distance":"0","isend":"0","pricesw":"1263.5","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"673.5","priceed":"398.5"},{"sequenceno":"4","station":"天津南","day":"1","arrivaltime":"22:59","departuretime":"23:01","stoptime":"2","costtime":"239","distance":"0","isend":"0","pricesw":"1603.5","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"853.5","priceed":"508.5"},{"sequenceno":"5","station":"北京南","day":"1","arrivaltime":"23:34","departuretime":"23:34","stoptime":"0","costtime":"274","distance":"0","isend":"1","pricesw":"1748","pricetd":"","pricegr1":"","pricegr2":"","pricerw1":"0","pricerw2":"0","priceyw1":"0","priceyw2":"0","priceyw3":"0","priceyd":"933.0","priceed":"553.0","costtimetxt":"4時34分"}]}}‘‘‘
            # #----測試----
            print("trainBaseInfo =",trainBaseInfo)
            #解析
            if trainBaseInfo:
                try:
                    trainBaseInfo_loads = json.loads(trainBaseInfo)
                    if trainBaseInfo_loads["status"] == "0":
                        resultNodeValue = trainBaseInfo_loads["result"]
                        trainnoNodeValue = resultNodeValue["trainno"]     #查詢車次代碼
                        typeNodeValue = resultNodeValue["type"]          #車次類型
                        listNodeValue = resultNodeValue["list"]         #途徑站點信息集合 list
                        #篩選出途經南京、南京南
                        for trainInfo in listNodeValue:
                            if (cityName1 in trainInfo.values()) or (cityName2 in trainInfo.values()):
                                #解析數據
                                arrivedStation = trainInfo["station"]         #到達站
                                arrivedTime = trainInfo["arrivaltime"]        #到站時間
                                leaveTime = trainInfo["departuretime"]      #離站時間
                                if arrivedStation == "南京":
                                    arrivedStation = "南京站"      
                                # 存儲該車次查詢結果
                                trainResult = []
                                trainResult.append(arrivedStation)
                                trainResult.append(arrivedTime)
                                trainResult.append(leaveTime)
                                trainResult.append(typeNodeValue)
                                allTrainResultDic[trainSchedule] = trainResult
                            else:
                                #self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:車次: %s 無途徑南京站信息，跳過" % trainSchedule)
                                continue
                    else:
                        self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:車次: %s 檢查返回數據狀態碼不為0，跳過" % trainSchedule)
                        continue
                except:
                    self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:車次：%s 返回的json串失敗 "% trainSchedule)
            else:
                self.write_log_to_Text("ERROR:車次: %s 查詢接口返回信息為空，已跳過"%trainSchedule)
                continue
        print(allTrainResultDic)

4.組裝結果、界面輸出

        #組裝結果界面輸出
        self.result_data_Text.delete(1.0, END)
        head = "車次    南京到達站    到站時間    離站時間     類型"
        self.result_data_Text.insert(1.0, head)
        for train in allTrainResultDic.keys():
            outMsg = "\n" + "-" * 52 + "\n" + "%4s"%train + "%9s"%allTrainResultDic[train][0] + "%13s"%allTrainResultDic[train][1] + "%12s"%allTrainResultDic[train][2] + "%8s"%allTrainResultDic[train][3]
            self.result_data_Text.insert(END,outMsg)
        self.write_log_to_Text("INFO：獲取火車至南京信息完成")

完成。最終感嘆，調接口確實比自己爬省事多了哈哈哈！ ヾ(?°?°?)??

END

2017.12.20

交作業了，妹子很喜歡！nice！

python 3.6 tkinter+urllib+json 火車車次信息查詢