MySQL數據管理1
[root@localhost ]#tar -xvf mysql-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@localhost ]#rm -rf mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ]#rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
[root@localhost ]#rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs
[root@localhost ]#rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ]#rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*
[root@localhost ]#yum -y install perl-Data-Dumper perl-JSON
[root@localhost ]#rpm -Uvh mysql-community-*.rpm
[root@localhost ]#rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
二啟動服務
[root@localhost ]#netstat -utnalp | grep :3306
[root@localhost ]#systemctl status mysqld
[root@localhost ]#systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost ]#systemctl status mysqld
[root@localhost ]#netstat -utnalp | grep :3306
三設置管理員本機登錄密碼
[root@localhost ]#grep -i 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@localhost ]#mysql -uroot -p"e7kdRG_&wA>T"
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=6;
mysql> alter user root@"localhost" identified by "123456";
mysql> quit
# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> show databases;
mysql> quit
四把數據庫存儲到數據庫服務器上過程?
1 連接數據庫服務器
2 選擇庫 (數庫目錄下的文件夾)
3 建表(文件夾裏的文件)
4 插入表記錄
5 斷開鏈接
建表
show databases;
create database bbsdb;
use bbsdb
select database();
create table stuinfo(
name char(10),
age int(2),
sex char(4),
class char(7)
);
查看表結構
mysql> desc stuinfo;
插入表記錄
insert into stuinfo values("jim",21,"boy","nsd1702"),("tom",21,"boy","nsd1702");
查看表記錄
select * from stuinfo;
斷開鏈接
mysql>quit
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
create table stuinfo(
name char(10),
age int(2),
sex char(4),
class char(7)
);
查看表結構
mysql> desc stuinfo;
插入表記錄
insert into stuinfo values
("jim",21,"boy","nsd1702"),
("tom",21,"boy","nsd1702");
查看表記錄
select * from stuinfo;
斷開鏈接
mysql>quit
sql命令使用規則?
管理庫的常用SQL命令?
show databases;
use 庫名;
create databse 庫名;
select database();
drop databse 庫名;
庫名的命名規則?
管理表的常用SQL命令?
show tables;
desc 表名;
select * from 表名;
create table 表名(
字段名 類型(寬度),字段名 類型(寬度),字段名 類型
(寬度)
);
insert into 表名 values(字段值列表),(字段值列表);;
drop table 表名;
mysql數據類型?
數值型:體重、身高、成績、工資
整型 tinyint smallint MEDIUMINT int bigint
create table t1(level tinyint);
create table t2(level tinyint unsigned);
crceate table t3(level int unsigned);
浮點型
float(m,n)
double(m,n)
create table t4 (chengj float(5,2));
字符型:姓名、工作單位、通信住址
char varchar blob text
create table t6(name char(10),level tinyint unsigned);
create table t7(name char(10),address varchar(50),
level tinyint unsigned);
create table t8(name blob,address text, level tinyint
unsigned);
create table t9(name char,address varchar);
日期時間型:生日、註冊時間、出生年份 上課時間
year YYYY 2015
time HHMMSS 153529
date YYYYMMDD 20150522
datetime / timestamp YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
20170522153658
create table t10(
name char(10),
age tinyint unsigned ,
pay float(7,2),
up_class time,
birthday date,
meetting datetime,
syear year);
insert into t10 values
("bob",21,20000,083000,20171120,20170522183000,1
997);
使用時間函數獲取時間給日期時間類型字段賦值
select now();
select year(20190909);
select month(20190909);
select day(20190909);
select date( now());
select time( now());
insert into t10 values("tom",21,20000,now(),now
(),now(),now());
insert into t10 values("alic",21,20000,time(now
()),now(),now(),year(20190328));
枚舉類型:愛好、性別
字段值在列舉的範圍內選擇
set("值1","值2","值1") 多選
enum("值1","值2","值1") 單選
create table t11(
name char(10),
age tinyint unsigned ,
sex enum("boy","girl","no"),
likes set("book","it","film","music")
);
insert into t11 values("bob",23,"boy","book,it");
insert into t11 values("alic",23,"man","book,it");
insert into t11 values("jerry",29,1,"book,it,music");
desc mysql.user;
字段約束條件: 作用限制如何給字段賦值
是否允許賦空(null)值 默認允許賦null值
not null 不允許賦null值
索引 key
默認值 default "值"
額外設置 Extra
create table t12(
name char(10) ,
age tinyint unsigned not null default 25,
sex enum("boy","girl","no") default "no",
likes set("book","it","film","music") default "it"
);
desc t12;
insert into t12(name)values("bob");
insert into t12 values("tom",29,"boy","it,book");
insert into t12 values(null,null,"girl","music,book");
insert into t12 values("null",31,"girl","music,book");
insert into t12 values("",31,"girl","music,book");
+++++++++++++++++
修改表結構
alter table 表名 執行動作;
添加新字段
add 字段名 類型(寬度) 約束條件;
add 字段名 類型(寬度) 約束條件 first;
add 字段名 類型(寬度) 約束條件 after 字段名;
alter table t12 add mail varchar(30) not null
default "[email protected]";
alter table t12
add stu_id char(7) first,
add tel char(11) after name;
刪除已有字段
drop 字段名,drop 字段名;
mysql> alter table t12 drop sex;
修改已有字段類型
modify 字段名 類型(寬度) 約束條件;
alter table t12 modify tel varchar(15);
修改字段名
change 源字段名 新字段名 類型(寬度) 約束條件;
alter table t12 change stu_id stu_num char(7);
修改表名
alter table 源表名 rename 新表名;
++++++++++++++++++++++++
課後練習
創建學生信息表
存儲系統賬號信息表
MySQL數據管理1