啟動根容器：
[oracle@eric ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=cup
[oracle@eric ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 16:00:06 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup    -----不會直接啟動所有可插拔數據庫，如需啟動所有可插拔數據庫，執行命令：alter pluggable database all open
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  767557632 bytes
Fixed Size                  2929112 bytes
Variable Size             574623272 bytes
Database Buffers          184549376 bytes
Redo Buffers                5455872 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
停止根容器：
SQL> shutdown immediate   
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
查看是否創建了CDB，如果有顯示名字:
SQL> select name,cdb from v$database;
NAME      CDB
--------- ---
CUP       YES

SQL> show parameter service;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
service_names                        string      cup
查看容器名字，其中有3個容器：根容器、種子容器和自己創建的容器:
SQL> select con_id,name from v$containers;

CON_ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------
         1 CDB$ROOT                        ---根容器
         2 PDB$SEED                        ---種子容器，只可讀
         3 TEA                             ---自己創建的可插拔數據庫

SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files;               
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oracle/app/oradata/CUP/datafile/o1_mf_system_bch07kvz_.dbf
/oracle/app/oradata/CUP/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_bch020oo_.dbf
/oracle/app/oradata/CUP/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_bch0d2on_.dbf
/oracle/app/oradata/CUP/datafile/o1_mf_users_bch0d15n_.dbf

SQL> select file_name from cdb_data_files;

FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oracle/app/oradata/CUP/datafile/o1_mf_system_bch07kvz_.dbf
/oracle/app/oradata/CUP/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_bch020oo_.dbf
/oracle/app/oradata/CUP/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_bch0d2on_.dbf
/oracle/app/oradata/CUP/datafile/o1_mf_users_bch0d15n_.dbf
創建公共用戶：
SQL> create user c##eric  identified by gao;
User created.
SQL> conn  c##eric/gao                 
ERROR:
ORA-01045: user C##ERIC lacks CREATE SESSION privilege; logon denied    ----沒有權限，我們可以單獨給其賦予權限，也可以給其指定角色。
Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> grant dba to c##eric container=all;     ---給其DBA角色，角色範圍覆蓋所有的容器
Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn c##eric/gao
Connected.               ---連接成功

切換容器：
首先啟動自己創建的容器數據庫：
SQL> alter pluggable database tea open;   ---首先啟動PDB數據庫

SQL> alter session set container = tea;

Session altered.

SQL> show con_name           ---查看當前所在的容器名
CON_NAME
------------------------------
TEA
關閉可插拔數據庫：
SQL> alter pluggable database tea close immediate;
Pluggable database altered.

如何連接oracle 12c可插拔數據庫