CentOS配置本地yum源,網絡源以及優先級
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-03-07
yum linux 1.用Centos鏡像搭建本地yum源
在配置網絡yum之前我們先卸載舊的yum,並下載CentOS的對應軟件包安裝,這一步配置yum源都要操作
[root@localhost tools]# rpm -aq|grep yum yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64 yum-rhn-plugin-0.9.1-58.el6.noarch yum-3.2.29-69.el6.noarch [root@localhost tools]# rpm -aq|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps [root@localhost tools]# [root@localhost tools]# rpm -aq|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps rpm: no packages given for erase wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm [root@localhost ~]# cd /home/linzhongniao/tools/ [root@localhost tools]# ls yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpmpython-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm [root@localhost tools]# rpm -ivh *
1.1 安裝完centos後默認的yum源如下
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ll 總用量 24 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1991 5月 19 2016 CentOS-Base.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 647 5月 19 2016 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 289 5月 19 2016 CentOS-fasttrack.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 5月 19 2016 CentOS-Media.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6259 5月 19 2016 CentOS-Vault.repo
1.2 備份默認yum源
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/yum.repos.d
[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /home/yum.repos.d/
1.3 編寫repo文件 並指向鏡像的掛載目錄
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/ mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo [local] name=local baseurl=file:///media/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
1.4 清楚緩存
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
已加載插件:fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: local
清理一切
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
1.5 將yum源緩存到本地,加快安裝速度
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
已加載插件:fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
local | 4.0 kB 00:00 ...
local/group_gz | 226 kB 00:00 ...
local/filelists_db | 6.3 MB 00:00 ...
local/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:00 ...
local/other_db | 2.8 MB 00:00 ...
元數據緩存已建立
1.6 列出軟件包
[root@localhost ~]# yum list
2.將默認的yum源改成aliyun yum源
阿裏雲官方教程:http://mirrors.aliyun.com/help/centos
2.1 備份yum源
[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /home/yum.repos.d/
2.2 下載aliyun yum源repo文件對應自己系統下載
各系統對應的yum源repo文件
CentOS 5
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo
或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo
CentOS 6
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
CentOS 7
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 查看系統版本
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
[root@localhost ~]# wget -o /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
[root@localhost ~]# wget -o /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.txt wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
總用量 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2572 7月 2 2014 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 793 3月 7 04:53 centos.txt
2.3 清除緩存
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
已加載插件:fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: local
清理一切
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache 把yum源緩存到本地,加快安裝速度
已加載插件:fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
local | 4.0 kB 00:00 ...
local/group_gz | 226 kB 00:00 ...
local/filelists_db | 6.3 MB 00:00 ...
local/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:00 ...
local/other_db | 2.8 MB 00:00 ...
[root@localhost ~]# yum list
3.把默認centos yum源換成163源
163官方教程:http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html
3.1 Centos默認yum源如下
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ll
總用量 24
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1991 5月 19 2016 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 647 5月 19 2016 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 289 5月 19 2016 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 5月 19 2016 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6259 5月 19 2016 CentOS-Vault.repo
3.2 備份yum源文件
[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /home/yum.repos.d/
3.3 下載163 yum源repo文件
各系統版本對應的repo文件
CentOS 5
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS5-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo
CentOS 6
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS6-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
CentOS 7
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 查看系統版本
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS6-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
--2018-03-07 06:11:02-- http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
正在解析主機 mirrors.163.com... 59.111.0.251
正在連接 mirrors.163.com|59.111.0.251|:80... 已連接。
已發出 HTTP 請求,正在等待回應... 200 OK
長度:2006 (2.0K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS6-Base-163.repo”
100%[============================================================================================>] 2,006 --.-K/s in 0.001s
2018-03-07 06:11:03 (1.97 MB/s) - 已保存 “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS6-Base-163.repo” [2006/2006])
[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
總用量 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2006 12月 1 2016 CentOS6-Base-163.repo
3.4 清除緩存
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
已加載插件:fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: local
清理一切
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache 把yum源緩存到本地,加快安裝速度
已加載插件:fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
local | 4.0 kB 00:00 ...
local/group_gz | 226 kB 00:00 ...
local/filelists_db | 6.3 MB 00:00 ...
local/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:00 ...
local/other_db | 2.8 MB 00:00 ...
[root@localhost ~]# yum list
4.修改yum源的優先級
當既有本地源又有網絡源的時候,我們安裝軟件的時候當然希望按著本地yum源去安裝,當找不到安裝包的時候在用網絡軟安裝,那麽這裏就涉及了一個優先級的問題。
4.1 查看是否安裝了優先級的插件
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep yum-plugin-
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch
我們看沒有安裝yum-plugin-priorities.noarch這個插件
4.2 安裝yum-plugin-priorities.noarch插件
[root@localhost ~]# yum install yum-plugin-priorities.noarch -y
4.3 查看插件是否可用
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/priorities.conf
[main]
enabled = 1 1表示可用,0為禁用
4.4 修改本地yum源優先使用
[root@localhost ~]# cp /home/yum.repos.d/local.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
總用量 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2006 12月 1 2016 CentOS6-Base-163.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 63 3月 7 06:34 local.repo
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///media/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
添加priority=1,數字越小優先級越高,也可以修改網絡源的priority的值
CentOS配置本地yum源,網絡源以及優先級