MySQL創建用戶，常用SQL語句以及數據庫備份與恢復
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-03-23
mysql常用命令 恢復與備份 一、創建普通用戶並授權
1、創建用戶並授權
[root@zlinux ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> grant all on *.* to user01 identified by ‘123456‘ -> ; //上一行命令忘記輸入‘；’，這裏可以輸入後繼續執行 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
創建user用戶並授予其所有權限
*.*（第一個*表示所有數據庫，第二個*表示所有表）
這裏的user01特指localhost上的user01identified by：設定密碼，用單引號括起來。
2、給網絡上其他機器某個用戶授權
mysql> grant all on *.* to ‘user02‘@‘127.0.0.1‘ identified by ‘123456‘; //指定IP，即只可通過此IP登錄,用戶和主機之間有個@。可以使用通配符%，代表所有IP（一般不使用） Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> quit Bye [root@zlinux ~]# mysql -uuser02 -p123456 //未連接到指定IP，登錄報錯 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘user02‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: YES) [root@zlinux ~]# mysql -uuser02 -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 //指定IP，無誤 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 9 Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql>
3、查看用戶授權
mysql> show grants //查看當前用戶授權 -> ; +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for root@localhost | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD ‘*A89494294B2411291D21451D05BAB332A65AAB5D‘ WITH GRANT OPTION | | GRANT PROXY ON ‘‘@‘‘ TO ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ WITH GRANT OPTION | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show grants for ‘user02‘@‘127.0.0.1‘; //查看指定用戶授權 +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for [email protected] | +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘user02‘@‘127.0.0.1‘ IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD ‘*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9‘ | +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
4、授權部分權限(如讀、寫、查詢、插入等)
mysql> grant SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE *.* user03 identified by ‘123456‘;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘*.* user03 identified by ‘123456‘‘ at line 1
mysql> grant SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE on *.* to user03 identified by ‘123456‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for user03
-> ;
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for user03@% |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ON *.* TO ‘user03‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD ‘*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9‘ |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)二、常用SQL語句
select count(*) from mysql.user; //查詢mysql庫中user表的行數
select * from mysql.db; //查詢mysql庫中db表的所有內容
select db from mysql.db; //查詢mysql庫中db表的db字段
select db,user from mysql.db; 查詢mysql庫中db表的db和user字段
select * from mysql.db where host like ‘192.168.%‘; //查詢mysql庫中db表中匹配192.128.開頭的內容
insert into db1.t1 values (1, ‘abc‘); //在db1數據庫的t1表中插入對應 內容
update db1.t1 set name=‘aaa‘ where id=1; //更改db1數據庫的t1表中name列內容，當id是1的時候
truncate table db1.t1; //清除表內數據
drop table db1.t1; //刪除表
drop database db1; //刪除數據庫三、MySQL數據庫備份與恢復
mysql> create database db1; //創建庫
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use db1; //切換庫
Database changed
mysql> create table t1 (`id` int(4),`name` char(40)); //創建表及字段
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_db1 |
+---------------+
| t1 |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@zlinux ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pzlinux123456 mysql >/tmp/mysql.sql //備份
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@zlinux ~]# ls /tmp/mysql.sql
/tmp/mysql.sql
[root@zlinux ~]# mysql -uroot -pzlinux123456 db2 < /tmp/mysql.sql //恢復
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@zlinux ~]# mysql -uroot -pzlinux123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 29
Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use db2 //切換到db2，查看是否恢復成功
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_db2 |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| event |
| func |
| general_log |
| help_category |
| help_keyword |
| help_relation |
| help_topic |
| innodb_index_stats |
| innodb_table_stats |
| ndb_binlog_index |
| plugin |
| proc |
| procs_priv |
| proxies_priv |
| servers |
| slave_master_info |
| slave_relay_log_info |
| slave_worker_info |
| slow_log |
| t1 |
| tables_priv |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
| time_zone_name |
| time_zone_transition |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user |
+---------------------------+
29 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@zlinux ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pzlinux123456 mysql user > /tmp/mysqluser.sql //備份mysql庫user表
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@zlinux ~]# mysql -uroot -pzlinux123456 db1 < /tmp/mysqluser.sql //恢復到db1
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@zlinux ~]# mysql -uroot -pzlinux123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 32
Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use db1 //查看是否成功恢復
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_db1 |
+---------------+
| t1 |
| user |
+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> MySQL創建用戶，常用SQL語句以及數據庫備份與恢復