python3安裝解決ssl問題
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-04-02
python安裝Python3.6.4
1 安裝python3.6可能使用的依賴
yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel
2 到python官網找到下載路徑, 用wget下載
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz
3 解壓tgz包
tar -xf Python-3.6.5.tgz
4 進入python目錄
cd /Python-3.6.5/
5 編譯,安裝
5.1 提示找不到SSL模塊
python安裝完畢後,提示找不到ssl模塊:
[root@localhost ~]# python2.7.5 Python 2.7.5 (default, Jun 3 2013, 11:08:43) [GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-54)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import ssl Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/ssl.py", line 60, in <module> import _ssl # if we can‘t import it, let the error propagate ImportError: No module named _ssl >>>
5.2 重新編譯python(去掉最後4行的註釋)
#修改Setup文件 vi /root/Python-3.6.5/Modules/Setup.dist #修改結果如下: # Socket module helper for socket(2) _socket socketmodule.c timemodule.c # Socket module helper for SSL support; you must comment out the other # socket line above, and possibly edit the SSL variable: SSL=/usr/local/ssl _ssl _ssl.c -DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl -L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
5.3 編譯安裝
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python
make
make install
5.4 測試,已可正常使用。
[root@localhost ~]# python
Python 3.6.4 (default, Jun 3 2013, 14:56:13)
[GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-54)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import ssl
>>>
註:如需保留舊版本的就不需要執行 6 .7兩部
6 重命名舊版本的python依賴
ll /usr/bin | grep python
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.7
7 刪除舊的軟鏈接,創建新的軟鏈接到最新的python
rm -rf /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python
python -V
使用yum命令報錯File "/usr/bin/yum", line 30 except KeyboardInterrupt, e:
問題出現原因:
yum包管理是使用python2.x寫的,將python2.x升級到python3.1.3以後,由於python版本語法兼容性導致問題出現
解決辦法:
修改yum配置文件,將python版本指向以前的舊版本
# vi /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python2.7
修改urlgrabber-ext-down文件,更改python版本
# vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
#!/usr/bin/python2.7
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/six/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: Can‘t connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available. - skipping
如需安裝pip
下載相關文件
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
執行
/usr/local/python/bin/python3 get-pip.py
添加環境變量
vim ~/.bash_profile
添加下面這條參數
export PATH=/usr/local/python/bin:$PATH
保存
source ~/.bash_profile
測試
執行
[root@huo ~]# python3
Python 3.6.5 (default, Apr 1 2018, 20:41:34)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
執行腳本如下:
vim install_python.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "正在安裝相關組件"
yum install -y openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel gcc-c++ gcc openssl-devel
echo "下載安裝包"
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz
echo "正在解壓安裝包"
tar -xf Python-3.6.5.tgz -C /root/ && cd /root/Python-3.6.5/
echo "添加ssl支持"
cat >> /root/Python-3.6.5/Modules/Setup.dist <<"EOF"
_socket socketmodule.c
SSL=/usr/local/ssl
_ssl _ssl.c -DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl -L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
EOF
echo "正在編譯安裝Python"
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python && make && make install
cd /root
echo "刪除安裝包"
rm -rf /root/Python-3.6.5.tgz && rm -rf /root/Python-3.6.5
echo "正在添加環境變量"
echo "export PATH=/usr/local/python/bin:$PATH">> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile
echo "安裝完成,請執行python3進行測試"
python3安裝解決ssl問題