C#串口介紹以及簡單串口通信程序設計實現
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-04-10
串口應用 HR receive 初始 ext edev 實現 ear 方式 
C#串口介紹以及簡單串口通信程序設計實現
周末，沒事幹，寫個簡單的串口通信工具，也算是本周末曾來過，廢話不多，直接到主題
串口介紹
串行接口簡稱串口，也稱串行通信接口或串行通訊接口（通常指COM接口），是采用串行通信方式的擴展接口。（至於再詳細，自己百度）
串口應用：
工業領域使用較多，比如:數據采集，設備控制等等，好多都是用串口通信來實現！你要是細心的話，你會發現，目前家用國網智能電能表就具備RS485通信總線（串行總線的一種）與RS232可以相互轉化（當然一般，非專業的誰也不會閑的蛋疼，趴電表上瞎看,最多也就看看走了多少度電）
RS232 DB9介紹：
1.示意圖
2.針腳介紹：
- 載波檢測(DCD)
- 接受數據(RXD)
- 發出數據(TXD)
- 數據終端準備好(DTR)
- 信號地線(SG)
- 數據準備好(DSR)
- 請求發送(RTS)
- 清除發送(CTS)
- 振鈴指示(RI)
3.實物圖：
以下是我購買XX公司的一個usb轉串口線：這個頭就是一個公頭，另一端是一個usb口
笨小孩串口工具運行圖：
1.開啟程序
2.發送一行字符串HelloBenXH，直接將針腳的發送和接收鏈接起來就可以測試了（針腳2 接受數據(RXD) 和3 發出數據(TXD)）直接鏈接,
C#代碼實現：采用SerialPort
1.實例化一個SerialPort
1 private SerialPort ComDevice = new SerialPort();
2.初始化參數綁定接收數據事件
1 public void init()
2 {
3 btnSend.Enabled = false;
4 cbbComList.Items.AddRange(SerialPort.GetPortNames());
5 if (cbbComList.Items.Count > 0)
6 {
7 cbbComList.SelectedIndex = 0;
8 }
9 cbbBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 5;
10 cbbDataBits.SelectedIndex = 0;
11 cbbParity.SelectedIndex = 0;
12 cbbStopBits.SelectedIndex = 0;
13 pictureBox1.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.red;
14
15 ComDevice.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(Com_DataReceived);//綁定事件
16
17 }
3.打開串口button事件
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 打開串口
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="sender"></param>
5 /// <param name="e"></param>
6 private void btnOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
7 {
8 if (cbbComList.Items.Count <= 0)
9 {
10 MessageBox.Show("沒有發現串口,請檢查線路！");
11 return;
12 }
13
14 if (ComDevice.IsOpen == false)
15 {
16 ComDevice.PortName = cbbComList.SelectedItem.ToString();
17 ComDevice.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cbbBaudRate.SelectedItem.ToString());
18 ComDevice.Parity = (Parity)Convert.ToInt32(cbbParity.SelectedIndex.ToString());
19 ComDevice.DataBits = Convert.ToInt32(cbbDataBits.SelectedItem.ToString());
20 ComDevice.StopBits = (StopBits)Convert.ToInt32(cbbStopBits.SelectedItem.ToString());
21 try
22 {
23 ComDevice.Open();
24 btnSend.Enabled = true;
25 }
26 catch (Exception ex)
27 {
28 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "錯誤", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
29 return;
30 }
31 btnOpen.Text = "關閉串口";
32 pictureBox1.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.green;
33 }
34 else
35 {
36 try
37 {
38 ComDevice.Close();
39 btnSend.Enabled = false;
40 }
41 catch (Exception ex)
42 {
43 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "錯誤", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
44 }
45 btnOpen.Text = "打開串口";
46 pictureBox1.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.red;
47 }
48
49 cbbComList.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;
50 cbbBaudRate.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;
51 cbbParity.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;
52 cbbDataBits.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;
53 cbbStopBits.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;
54 }
4.發送數據
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 發送數據
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="sender"></param>
5 /// <param name="data"></param>
6 public bool SendData(byte[] data)
7 {
8 if (ComDevice.IsOpen)
9 {
10 try
11 {
12 ComDevice.Write(data, 0, data.Length);//發送數據
13 return true;
14 }
15 catch (Exception ex)
16 {
17 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "錯誤", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
18 }
19 }
20 else
21 {
22 MessageBox.Show("串口未打開", "錯誤", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
23 }
24 return false;
25 }
26
27 /// <summary>
28 /// 發送數據button事件
29 /// </summary>
30 /// <param name="sender"></param>
31 /// <param name="e"></param>
32 private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
33 {
34 byte[] sendData = null;
35
36 if (rbtnSendHex.Checked)
37 {
38 sendData = strToHexByte(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
39 }
40 else if (rbtnSendASCII.Checked)
41 {
42 sendData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
43 }
44 else if (rbtnSendUTF8.Checked)
45 {
46 sendData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
47 }
48 else if (rbtnSendUnicode.Checked)
49 {
50 sendData = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
51 }
52 else
53 {
54 sendData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
55 }
56
57 if (this.SendData(sendData))//發送數據成功計數
58 {
59 lblSendCount.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
60 {
61 lblSendCount.Text = (int.Parse(lblSendCount.Text) + txtSendData.Text.Length).ToString();
62 }));
63 }
64 else
65 {
66
67 }
68
69 }
70
71 /// <summary>
72 /// 字符串轉換16進制字節數組
73 /// </summary>
74 /// <param name="hexString"></param>
75 /// <returns></returns>
76 private byte[] strToHexByte(string hexString)
77 {
78 hexString = hexString.Replace(" ", "");
79 if ((hexString.Length % 2) != 0)
80 hexString += " ";
81 byte[] returnBytes = new byte[hexString.Length / 2];
82 for (int i = 0; i < returnBytes.Length; i++)
83 returnBytes[i] = Convert.ToByte(hexString.Substring(i * 2, 2).Replace(" ",""), 16);
84 return returnBytes;
85 }
5.接收和數據輸出
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 接收數據
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="sender"></param>
5 /// <param name="e"></param>
6 private void Com_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
7 {
8 byte[] ReDatas = new byte[ComDevice.BytesToRead];
9 ComDevice.Read(ReDatas, 0, ReDatas.Length);//讀取數據
10 this.AddData(ReDatas);//輸出數據
11 }
12
13 /// <summary>
14 /// 添加數據
15 /// </summary>
16 /// <param name="data">字節數組</param>
17 public void AddData(byte[] data)
18 {
19 if (rbtnHex.Checked)
20 {
21 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
22 for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
23 {
24 sb.AppendFormat("{0:x2}" + " ", data[i]);
25 }
26 AddContent(sb.ToString().ToUpper());
27 }
28 else if (rbtnASCII.Checked)
29 {
30 AddContent(new ASCIIEncoding().GetString(data));
31 }
32 else if (rbtnUTF8.Checked)
33 {
34 AddContent(new UTF8Encoding().GetString(data));
35 }
36 else if (rbtnUnicode.Checked)
37 {
38 AddContent(new UnicodeEncoding().GetString(data));
39 }
40 else
41 {}
42
43 lblRevCount.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
44 {
45 lblRevCount.Text = (int.Parse(lblRevCount.Text) + data.Length).ToString();
46 }));
47 }
48
49
50 /// <summary>
51 /// 輸入到顯示區域
52 /// </summary>
53 /// <param name="content"></param>
54 private void AddContent(string content)
55 {
56 this.BeginInvoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
57 {
58 if(chkAutoLine.Checked && txtShowData.Text.Length>0)
59 {
60 txtShowData.AppendText("\r\n");
61 }
62 txtShowData.AppendText(content);
63 }));
64 }
6.清空數據區域事件
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 清空接收區
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="sender"></param>
5 /// <param name="e"></param>
6 private void btnClearRev_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
7 {
8 txtShowData.Clear();
9 }
10
11 /// <summary>
12 /// 清空發送區
13 /// </summary>
14 /// <param name="sender"></param>
15 /// <param name="e"></param>
16 private void btnClearSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
17 {
18 txtSendData.Clear();
19 }
運行程序下載地址 BXHSerialPort.exe
源代碼工程文件下載
C#串口介紹以及簡單串口通信程序設計實現