Docker技術學習
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-04-10
from js verify -i exit cut finger adb disable detach
（一）Docker介紹
Docker簡介
Docker是一個開源項目，誕生於2013年初，最初是dotCloud公司內部的一個業余項目，基於Google公司推出的Go語言實現。Docker項目的目標是實現輕量級的操作系統虛擬化解決方案。Docker的基礎是Linux容器（LXC）等技術。在LXC的基礎上Docker進行了進一步的封裝，讓用戶不需要去關心容器的管理，使得操作更為簡便。用戶操作Docker的容器就像操作一個快速輕量級的虛擬機一樣簡單。
Docker優點
- 啟動速度更快：秒級啟動
- 快速的部署和交付：開發者可以使用一個標準的鏡像來構建一套開發容器，開發完成之後，運維人員可以直接使用這個容器來部署代碼
- 更高效的虛擬化：內核化的虛擬化，可以實現更高的性能和效率
- 高效的遷移：Docker可以運行在不同的平臺，用戶可以輕松的將一個應用從一個平臺遷移到另外一個平臺
- 節省開支：Docker容器除了運行其中應用外，基本不消耗額外的系統資源，一臺設備可以運行上千個容器
Docker基本概念
Docker包括三個基本概念：
- 鏡像（Image）
Docker提供了一個很簡單的機制來創建鏡像或者更新現有的鏡像，用戶甚至可以直接從其他人那裏下載一個已經做好的鏡像直接使用。鏡像可以用來創建Docker容器。 - 容器（Container）
容器是從鏡像創建的運行實例。可以被啟動、開始、停止、刪除。每個容器都是相互隔離的、保證安全的平臺。 倉庫（Repository）
倉庫是集中存放鏡像文件的場所。倉庫分為公開倉庫（Public）和私有倉庫（Private）兩種形式。
最大的公開倉庫是Docker Hub，存放了數量龐大的鏡像供用戶下載。（二）Docker安裝
官方文檔查看詳情
Docker支持多平臺的安裝:Linux、Windows和OS。下面介紹如何在Ubuntu系統安裝Docker。1.設置倉庫
更新apt包索引
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo apt-get update sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ Hit:1 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease Get:2 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [102 kB] Get:3 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [102 kB] Get:4 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main Sources [304 kB] Get:5 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe Sources [200 kB] Get:6 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages [754 kB] Get:7 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main i386 Packages [698 kB] Get:8 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main Translation-en [313 kB] Get:9 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 Packages [619 kB] Get:10 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe i386 Packages [573 kB] Get:11 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe Translation-en [249 kB] Get:12 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main Sources [119 kB] Get:13 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Sources [62.8 kB] Get:14 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages [472 kB] Get:15 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main i386 Packages [424 kB] Get:16 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main Translation-en [204 kB] Get:17 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 Packages [340 kB] Get:18 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe i386 Packages [297 kB] Get:19 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Translation-en [127 kB] Fetched 5,959 kB in 1s (4,416 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~#
- 安裝軟件包，使它允許apt通過HTTPS使用倉庫
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
apt-transport-https is already the newest version (1.2.26).
ca-certificates is already the newest version (20170717~16.04.1).
curl is already the newest version (7.47.0-1ubuntu2.7).
Suggested packages:
libcurl4-gnutls-dev python-pycurl-doc python3-pycurl-dbg bsd-mailx
The following NEW packages will be installed:
python3-pycurl python3-software-properties software-properties-common unattended-upgrades
0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 20 not upgraded.
Need to get 104 kB of archives.
After this operation, 799 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 python3-pycurl amd64 7.43.0-1ubuntu1 [42.3 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 python3-software-properties all 0.96.20.7 [20.3 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 software-properties-common all 0.96.20.7 [9,452 B]
Get:4 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 unattended-upgrades all 0.90ubuntu0.9 [32.3 kB]
Fetched 104 kB in 0s (5,944 kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-pycurl.
(Reading database ... 100357 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../python3-pycurl_7.43.0-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3-pycurl (7.43.0-1ubuntu1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-software-properties.
Preparing to unpack .../python3-software-properties_0.96.20.7_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-software-properties (0.96.20.7) ...
Selecting previously unselected package software-properties-common.
Preparing to unpack .../software-properties-common_0.96.20.7_all.deb ...
Unpacking software-properties-common (0.96.20.7) ...
Selecting previously unselected package unattended-upgrades.
Preparing to unpack .../unattended-upgrades_0.90ubuntu0.9_all.deb ...
Unpacking unattended-upgrades (0.90ubuntu0.9) ...
Processing triggers for dbus (1.10.6-1ubuntu3.3) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu21.2) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...
Setting up python3-pycurl (7.43.0-1ubuntu1) ...
Setting up python3-software-properties (0.96.20.7) ...
Setting up software-properties-common (0.96.20.7) ...
Setting up unattended-upgrades (0.90ubuntu0.9) ...
Creating config file /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades with new version
Synchronizing state of unattended-upgrades.service with SysV init with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install...
Executing /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable unattended-upgrades
Processing triggers for dbus (1.10.6-1ubuntu3.3) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu21.2) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...- 添加Docker官方GPG密鑰
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
通過搜索密鑰的最後8個字符，確認已經擁有指紋9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88 的密鑰:
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
pub 4096R/0EBFCD88 2017-02-22
Key fingerprint = 9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88
uid Docker Release (CE deb) <[email protected]>
sub 4096R/F273FCD8 2017-02-22- 使用以下命令設置stable的倉庫
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo add-apt-repository > "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"2.安裝Docker CE
- 更新apt包索引
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo apt-get update
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
Hit:1 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:2 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease
Get:4 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial InRelease [65.8 kB]
Get:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial/stable amd64 Packages [3,539 B]
Get:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial/test amd64 Packages [11.4 kB]
Fetched 80.7 kB in 3s (23.3 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done- 安裝最新版本Docker CE
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo apt-get install docker-ce
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount git git-man liberror-perl libltdl7 pigz
Suggested packages:
mountall git-daemon-run | git-daemon-sysvinit git-doc git-el git-email git-gui gitk gitweb
git-arch git-cvs git-mediawiki git-svn
The following NEW packages will be installed:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount docker-ce git git-man liberror-perl libltdl7 pigz
0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 20 not upgraded.
Need to get 38.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 208 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 pigz amd64 2.3.1-2 [61.1 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 aufs-tools amd64 1:3.2+20130722-1.1ubuntu1 [92.9 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 cgroupfs-mount all 1.2 [4,970 B]
Get:4 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libltdl7 amd64 2.4.6-0.1 [38.3 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 liberror-perl all 0.17-1.2 [19.6 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 git-man all 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.3 [736 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 git amd64 1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.3 [3,102 kB]
Get:8 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial/test amd64 docker-ce amd64 18.04.0~ce~2.2.rc2-0~ubuntu [34.1 MB]
Fetched 38.2 MB in 3s (10.9 MB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package pigz.
(Reading database ... 100415 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../pigz_2.3.1-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking pigz (2.3.1-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package aufs-tools.
Preparing to unpack .../aufs-tools_1%3a3.2+20130722-1.1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking aufs-tools (1:3.2+20130722-1.1ubuntu1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package cgroupfs-mount.
Preparing to unpack .../cgroupfs-mount_1.2_all.deb ...
Unpacking cgroupfs-mount (1.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libltdl7:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libltdl7_2.4.6-0.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-0.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package docker-ce.
Preparing to unpack .../docker-ce_18.04.0~ce~2.2.rc2-0~ubuntu_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking docker-ce (18.04.0~ce~2.2.rc2-0~ubuntu) ...
Selecting previously unselected package liberror-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../liberror-perl_0.17-1.2_all.deb ...
Unpacking liberror-perl (0.17-1.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package git-man.
Preparing to unpack .../git-man_1%3a2.7.4-0ubuntu1.3_all.deb ...
Unpacking git-man (1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package git.
Preparing to unpack .../git_1%3a2.7.4-0ubuntu1.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking git (1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.3) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu10) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu21.2) ...
Setting up pigz (2.3.1-2) ...
Setting up aufs-tools (1:3.2+20130722-1.1ubuntu1) ...
Setting up cgroupfs-mount (1.2) ...
Setting up libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-0.1) ...
Setting up docker-ce (18.04.0~ce~2.2.rc2-0~ubuntu) ...
Setting up liberror-perl (0.17-1.2) ...
Setting up git-man (1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.3) ...
Setting up git (1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu10) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu21.2) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...- 通過運行hello-world鏡像驗證Docker CE是否正確安裝
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker run hello-world
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
(amd64)
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://cloud.docker.com/
For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/3.其他
- 查看Docker版本
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker version
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
Client:
Version: 18.04.0-ce-rc2
API version: 1.37
Go version: go1.9.4
Git commit: f4926a2
Built: Thu Apr 5 05:43:46 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
Orchestrator: swarm
Server:
Engine:
Version: 18.04.0-ce-rc2
API version: 1.37 (minimum version 1.12)
Go version: go1.9.4
Git commit: f4926a2
Built: Thu Apr 5 05:41:56 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false- 顯示Docker系統信息
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker info
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
Containers: 2
Running: 0
Paused: 0
Stopped: 2
Images: 1
Server Version: 18.04.0-ce-rc2
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: extfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: 773c489c9c1b21a6d78b5c538cd395416ec50f88
runc version: 4fc53a81fb7c994640722ac585fa9ca548971871
init version: 949e6fa
Security Options:
apparmor
seccomp
Profile: default
Kernel Version: 4.4.0-93-generic
Operating System: Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 1
Total Memory: 992.2MiB
Name: iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
ID: OA4B:DOC2:P3MG:KY3Y:GEWX:DBZV:3DOD:GF5H:L3RB:KFQN:KVKX:K3C4
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker（三）Docker鏡像
Docker運行容器前需要本地存在對應的鏡像，如果鏡像不存在本地，Docker會從鏡像倉庫下載（默認是Docker Hub公共註冊服務器中的倉庫）。
Docker Hub：https://hub.docker.com;
阿裏雲鏡像：https://dev.aliyun.com/search.html
鏡像
1.查看鏡像
- 列出本地鏡像：
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker images
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest f2a91732366c 4 months ago 1.85kB在列出信息中，可以看到以下字段信息：
- 來自哪個倉庫，比如ubuntu
- 鏡像的標誌，比如14.04
- 它的ID號
- 創建時間
- 鏡像大小
2.獲取鏡像
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker pull ubuntu
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
22dc81ace0ea: Pull complete
1a8b3c87dba3: Pull complete
91390a1c435a: Pull complete
07844b14977e: Pull complete
b78396653dae: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:e348fbbea0e0a0e73ab0370de151e7800684445c509d46195aef73e090a49bd6
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest該命令實際相當於$ docker pull registry.hub.docker.com/ubuntu命令，即從註冊服務器registry.hub.docker.com的ubuntu倉庫下載的鏡像。
（四）Docker容器
簡單的說，容器是獨立運行的一個或一組應用，以及他們的運行態環境。如果把鏡像看成面向對象的類的話，那麽容器就是類的實例化對象。
容器
1.啟動容器
啟動容器有兩種方式，一種是基於鏡像新建一個容器並啟動，另外一個是將在終止狀態（stopped）的容器重新啟動。
通過docker run命令來啟動容器
- 查看運行幫助
Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
Run a command in a new container
Options:
--add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
-a, --attach list Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
--blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000, or 0 to
disable (default 0)
--blkio-weight-device list Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default [])
--cap-add list Add Linux capabilities
--cap-drop list Drop Linux capabilities
--cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container
--cidfile string Write the container ID to the file
--cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
--cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
--cpu-rt-period int Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds
--cpu-rt-runtime int Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
-c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight)
--cpus decimal Number of CPUs
--cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
--device list Add a host device to the container
--device-cgroup-rule list Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list
--device-read-bps list Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default [])
--device-read-iops list Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default [])
--device-write-bps list Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default [])
--device-write-iops list Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default [])
--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
--dns list Set custom DNS servers
--dns-option list Set DNS options
--dns-search list Set custom DNS search domains
--entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
-e, --env list Set environment variables
--env-file list Read in a file of environment variables
--expose list Expose a port or a range of ports
--group-add list Add additional groups to join
--health-cmd string Command to run to check health
--health-interval duration Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy
--health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before
starting health-retries countdown (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--help Print usage
-h, --hostname string Container host name
--init Run an init inside the container that forwards signals and
reaps processes
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
--ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
--ipc string IPC mode to use
--isolation string Container isolation technology
--kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit
-l, --label list Set meta data on a container
--label-file list Read in a line delimited file of labels
--link list Add link to another container
--link-local-ip list Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses
--log-driver string Logging driver for the container
--log-opt list Log driver options
--mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
-m, --memory bytes Memory limit
--memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit
--memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: ‘-1‘ to enable
unlimited swap
--memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100) (default -1)
--mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container
--name string Assign a name to the container
--network string Connect a container to a network (default "default")
--network-alias list Add network-scoped alias for the container
--no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK
--oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer
--oom-score-adj int Tune host‘s OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
--pid string PID namespace to use
--pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited)
--privileged Give extended privileges to this container
-p, --publish list Publish a container‘s port(s) to the host
-P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports
--read-only Mount the container‘s root filesystem as read only
--restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits (default "no")
--rm Automatically remove the container when it exits
--runtime string Runtime to use for this container
--security-opt list Security Options
--shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm
--sig-proxy Proxy received signals to the process (default true)
--stop-signal string Signal to stop a container (default "SIGTERM")
--stop-timeout int Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container
--storage-opt list Storage driver options for the container
--sysctl map Sysctl options (default map[])
--tmpfs list Mount a tmpfs directory
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
--ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default [])
-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
--userns string User namespace to use
--uts string UTS namespace to use
-v, --volume list Bind mount a volume
--volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container
--volumes-from list Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container下面命令輸出一個“Hello World”,之後終止容器。
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker run ubuntu /bin/echo "hello world"
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
hello world
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# 下面進入到ubuntu容器中
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker run -t -i ubuntu /bin/bash
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
root@edff644a0ab5:/# - -t選項讓Docker分配一個偽終端（pseudo-tty）並綁定到容器的標準輸入上
- -i則讓容器的標準輸入保持打開
此時，已經在ubuntu容器中，這是一個獨立的ubuntu系統，通過root@edff644a0ab5標識可以看出。
當利用docker run來創建容器時，Docker在後臺運行的標準操作包括： - 檢查本地是否存在指定的鏡像，不存在就從公有倉庫下載
- 利用鏡像創建並啟動一個容器
- 分配一個文件系統，並在只讀的鏡像層外面掛載一層可讀可層
- 從宿主主機配置的網橋接口中橋接一個虛擬接口到容器中去
- 從地址池配置一個IP地址給容器
- 執行用戶指定的應用程序
- 執行完畢後容器被終止
退出容器，使用exit命令
root@edff644a0ab5:/# exit
exit
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# 2.守護狀態運行
更多時候，需要讓Docker容器在後臺以守護態(Daemonized)形式運行
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker run -d ubuntu /bin/echo "hello docker"
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
083a1e62a68b9ed48e157534b493eeac20e4619c06c7903560758c5d5ef365ad- -d表示容器以守護態（Daemonized）形式運行
3.查看容器
通過docker ps命令查看當前運行的所有容器
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker ps -a
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
083a1e62a68b ubuntu "/bin/echo ‘hello do…" About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago gallant_williams
edff644a0ab5 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 8 minutes ago Exited (0) 3 minutes ago competent_turing
4975cdea26b6 ubuntu "/bin/echo ‘hello wo…" 9 minutes ago Exited (0) 9 minutes ago trusting_zhukovsky
abbed7135c45 hello-world "/hello" 18 hours ago Exited (0) 18 hours ago silly_perlman
513c9c3bf48f hello-world "/hello" 18 hours ago Exited (0) 18 hours ago hopeful_poincare
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# 4.獲取容器的輸出信息
通過docker logs命令
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker logs gallant_williams
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
hello docker
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker logs 083a1e62a68b
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
hello dockergallant_williams為容器的NAMES，083a1e62a68b為容器的ID，可通過docker ps -a命令查看
5.停止容器
可以使用docker stop來終止一個運行中的容器
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker stop 083a1e62a68b
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
083a1e62a68b
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~#6.重啟容器
可以使用命令docker start重動容器
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker start 083a1e62a68b
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
083a1e62a68b
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# 7.刪除容器
通過docker rm刪除指定的容器
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker rm 513c9c3bf48f
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
513c9c3bf48f（五）Docker倉庫
下載鏡像時已經使用到了Docker倉庫。實際上註冊服務器是管理倉庫的具體服務器，每個服務器可以有多個倉庫，而每個倉庫下面有多個鏡像。從這方面講，倉庫可以被任務是一個具體的項目或目錄。例如對於倉庫地址，registry.hub.docker.com/ubuntu來說，registry.hub.docker.com是註冊服務器地址，ubuntu是倉庫名。
Docker Hub
目前Docker官方維護了一個公共倉庫Docker Hub：https://hub.docker.com
可以通過docker search命令來查找官方倉庫中的鏡像，並利用docker pull命令下載到本地
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker search ubuntu
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 7482 [OK]
dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc Ubuntu with openssh-server and NoVNC 178 [OK]
rastasheep/ubuntu-sshd Dockerized SSH service, built on top of offi… 139 [OK]
ansible/ubuntu14.04-ansible Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with ansible 91 [OK]
ubuntu-upstart Upstart is an event-based replacement for th… 85 [OK]
neurodebian NeuroDebian provides neuroscience research s… 46 [OK]
ubuntu-debootstrap debootstrap --variant=minbase --components=m… 37 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 33 [OK]
nuagebec/ubuntu Simple always updated Ubuntu docker images w… 22 [OK]
tutum/ubuntu Simple Ubuntu docker images with SSH access 18
ppc64le/ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 12
i386/ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 11
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0 ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0 9 [OK]
eclipse/ubuntu_jdk8 Ubuntu, JDK8, Maven 3, git, curl, nmap, mc, … 5 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mariadb-10 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mariadb-10 4 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-5.6-wordpress-4 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-5.6-wordpress-4 3 [OK]
codenvy/ubuntu_jdk8 Ubuntu, JDK8, Maven 3, git, curl, nmap, mc, … 3 [OK]
darksheer/ubuntu Base Ubuntu Image -- Updated hourly 3 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-apache ubuntu-16-apache 3 [OK]
pivotaldata/ubuntu A quick freshening-up of the base Ubuntu doc… 1
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-sshd ubuntu-16-sshd 0 [OK]
ossobv/ubuntu Custom ubuntu image from scratch (based on o… 0
smartentry/ubuntu ubuntu with smartentry 0 [OK]
pivotaldata/ubuntu-gpdb-dev Ubuntu images for GPDB development 0
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-healthcheck ubuntu-16-healthcheck 0 [OK]
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# （六）創建Nginx容器
1.獲取Nginx鏡像
最簡單的方法是通過docker pull nginx命令創建Nginx容器
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker pull nginx
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
2a72cbf407d6: Pull complete
e19f9e910af9: Pull complete
2f3d26a87e79: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:e36d7f5dabf1429d84135bb8a8086908e1150f1a178c75719a9e0e53ebb90353
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# 2.啟動Nginx鏡像
查看鏡像：
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker images
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest c5c4e8fa2cf7 6 days ago 109MB
ubuntu latest f975c5035748 4 weeks ago 112MB
hello-world latest f2a91732366c 4 months ago 1.85kB
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~#啟動nginx容器：
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker run --name some-nginx -d -p 8080:80 nginx
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
5fad62588ef5dcaa14b3119f7d4d81f1d7b1fa67e98f0ceaaf0083e9b88e3ccd- -name指定啟動容器的名稱為some-nginx
- -d讓Docker容器在後臺以守護態（Daemonized）形式運行
- -p將容器的80端口映射到主機的8080端口
- nginx為啟動容器的鏡像
3.訪問Nginx鏡像
處理過程：瀏覽器->ubuntu(8080)->Nginx容器(80)
（七）創建Docker selenium容器
Selenium
主要針對的是Selenium Grid，用於分布式自動化測試，是一套selenium代碼可在不同的環境中運行。而Docker可快速的創建各種環境
Selenium Grid有兩個概念：
- hub：主節點，可以看作“北京總公司的測試經理”；
node：分支節點，可以看作“北京總公司的測試小兵A”和“上海分公司的測試小兵B”和“深圳分公司的測試小兵C”等。
也就是說，在Selenium Grid只有一個主hub，但是可以在本地或遠程建立N多個分支node，測試腳本指向主hub，由主hub分配給本地/遠程node運行測試用例docker selenium環境安裝
以ubuntu環境為例進行安裝：1.下載主hub鏡像（北京總公司的測試經理）
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker pull selenium/hub
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from selenium/hub
22dc81ace0ea: Already exists
1a8b3c87dba3: Already exists
91390a1c435a: Already exists
07844b14977e: Already exists
b78396653dae: Already exists
884e48e3a86f: Pull complete
b6fd7856c87e: Pull complete
8e5b73f31318: Pull complete
721fae97e0e4: Pull complete
33032a64c6c4: Pull complete
f8992564d2f4: Pull complete
7fe2728e863a: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:88b90958b774a087179e9072d08ec9ecc32b2b9ea4b141ba229557c139d4db18
Status: Downloaded newer image for selenium/hub:latest
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# - 2.下載主node chrome鏡像(上海分公司的測試小兵B)
latest: Pulling from selenium/node-chrome
22dc81ace0ea: Already exists
1a8b3c87dba3: Already exists
91390a1c435a: Already exists
07844b14977e: Already exists
b78396653dae: Already exists
884e48e3a86f: Already exists
b6fd7856c87e: Already exists
8e5b73f31318: Already exists
721fae97e0e4: Already exists
33032a64c6c4: Already exists
e49dcc7a4a51: Pull complete
c6cf662c7103: Pull complete
3bdfd3451d60: Pull complete
513ed68316d2: Pull complete
038766162d32: Pull complete
0b1c9987c144: Pull complete
b22a907c6e95: Pull complete
c6ca885bd99c: Pull complete
1d3052e345ac: Pull complete
8327fd5cf6f6: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:dfe989a91ae710e1d234e6ff43a2a027fd0f017d6f1727106f8a4d78ce59ecfc
Status: Downloaded newer image for selenium/node-chrome:latest
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# - 3.查看鏡像
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker images
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest c5c4e8fa2cf7 6 days ago 109MB
selenium/node-chrome latest 714e0f6c70e6 6 days ago 887MB
selenium/hub latest d6f4bd1f74a4 6 days ago 287MB
ubuntu latest f975c5035748 4 weeks ago 112MB
hello-world latest f2a91732366c 4 months ago 1.85kB
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~#- 4.啟動主hub容器
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker run -d -P --name selenium-hub selenium/hub
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
54870608ec0933a1d614cca81a4094ba9db6b0b95d1999420a3a2d856072afc2
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~#- -d表示容器以守護態（Daemonized）形式運行
-P表示Docker會隨機映射一個49000~49900的端口到內部容器開放的網絡端口
5.啟動分支node chrome容器
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker run -d --link selenium-hub:hub selenium/node-chrome
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
e17e25b4714ec1b6107262d35efea1ea1cc62636b213fe67176a5b3dd0b44edd
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~#- -link通過link關聯selenium-hub容器，並為其設置了別名hub
- 6.查看容器
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# sudo docker ps -a
sudo: unable to resolve host iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e17e25b4714e selenium/node-chrome "/opt/bin/entry_poin…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes adoring_thompson
54870608ec09 selenium/hub "/opt/bin/entry_poin…" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 0.0.0.0:32768->4444/tcp selenium-hub
5fad62588ef5 nginx "nginx -g ‘daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp some-nginx
083a1e62a68b ubuntu "/bin/echo ‘hello do…" 3 hours ago Exited (0) 3 hours ago gallant_williams
edff644a0ab5 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Exited (0) 3 hours ago competent_turing
4975cdea26b6 ubuntu "/bin/echo ‘hello wo…" 3 hours ago Exited (0) 3 hours ago trusting_zhukovsky
abbed7135c45 hello-world "/hello" 21 hours ago Exited (0) 21 hours ago silly_perlman
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# 需要註意，selenium/hub容器端口號為4444.對Ubuntu映射的端口為32768，前面通過-P參數自動分配
創建Grid測試腳本與運行
- 1.編寫Selenium Grid腳本(grid_demo.py)
from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep
driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor=‘http://127.0.0.1:32768/wd/hub‘,
desired_capabilities={‘browserName‘: ‘chrome‘}
)
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
print("get baidu")
driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys("docker selenium")
driver.find_element_by_id("su").click()
sleep(1)
driver.get_screenshot_as_file("/home/test/baidu_img.png")
driver.quit()
print("end...")註意訪問的端口號和瀏覽器，只啟動了node chrome容器。另外，為了驗證腳本添加了打印和截圖。
- 2.運行腳本
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# python grid_demo.py
get baidu
end...
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# - 3.查看截圖
（八）Docker Compose安裝
Docker compose是什麽
Docker Compose是Docker官方編排(Orchestration)項目之一，負責快速在集群中部署分布式應用。
Compose允許用戶在一個模板中定義一組相關聯的應用容器（被稱為一個project），例如一個Web服務容器再加上後端的數據庫服務容器等。
Docker compose安裝
- 調用Docker提供的API，使用pip安裝：
python -m pip install docker-compose
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# python -m pip install docker-compose
Collecting docker-compose
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/2e/66/cf3e52f24485b1e0537a9d8a9d2a6bae2703775f4bd585d017a28adf1758/docker_compose-1.20.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (119kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 122kB 23.0MB/s
Collecting websocket-client<1.0,>=0.32.0 (from docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/9d/fb/f51a03e232e00d6c504dfe815aed090c894ba3f8d3f7fd9612f3e227bf24/websocket_client-0.47.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (200kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 204kB 44.0MB/s
Collecting backports.ssl-match-hostname>=3.5; python_version < "3.5" (from docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/76/21/2dc61178a2038a5cb35d14b61467c6ac632791ed05131dda72c20e7b9e23/backports.ssl_match_hostname-3.5.0.1.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: PyYAML<4,>=3.10 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from docker-compose)
Collecting dockerpty<0.5,>=0.4.1 (from docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/8d/ee/e9ecce4c32204a6738e0a5d5883d3413794d7498fe8b06f44becc028d3ba/dockerpty-0.4.1.tar.gz
Collecting ipaddress>=1.0.16; python_version < "3.3" (from docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/f0/ba/860a4a3e283456d6b7e2ab39ce5cf11a3490ee1a363652ac50abf9f0f5df/ipaddress-1.0.19.tar.gz
Collecting docopt<0.7,>=0.6.1 (from docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/a2/55/8f8cab2afd404cf578136ef2cc5dfb50baa1761b68c9da1fb1e4eed343c9/docopt-0.6.2.tar.gz
Collecting enum34<2,>=1.0.4; python_version < "3.4" (from docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/c5/db/e56e6b4bbac7c4a06de1c50de6fe1ef3810018ae11732a50f15f62c7d050/enum34-1.1.6-py2-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: requests!=2.11.0,!=2.12.2,!=2.18.0,<2.19,>=2.6.1 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from docker-compose)
Collecting texttable<0.10,>=0.9.0 (from docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/02/e1/2565e6b842de7945af0555167d33acfc8a615584ef7abd30d1eae00a4d80/texttable-0.9.1.tar.gz
Collecting cached-property<2,>=1.2.0 (from docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/ef/01/58e0ee54e37cb5fb54902bb0ddfc8b0c7695bb3041d361db6a67d9738c18/cached_property-1.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting jsonschema<3,>=2.5.1 (from docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/77/de/47e35a97b2b05c2fadbec67d44cfcdcd09b8086951b331d82de90d2912da/jsonschema-2.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: six<2,>=1.3.0 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from docker-compose)
Collecting docker<4.0,>=3.1.4 (from docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/e4/c0/ab62cdb6117c1b9824e54f707060eb63ef7e4026d9aedf2d10853ba6df98/docker-3.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (123kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 133kB 78.6MB/s
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from requests!=2.11.0,!=2.12.2,!=2.18.0,<2.19,>=2.6.1->docker-compose)
Requirement already satisfied: chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from requests!=2.11.0,!=2.12.2,!=2.18.0,<2.19,>=2.6.1->docker-compose)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<2.7,>=2.5 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from requests!=2.11.0,!=2.12.2,!=2.18.0,<2.19,>=2.6.1->docker-compose)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<1.23,>=1.21.1 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from requests!=2.11.0,!=2.12.2,!=2.18.0,<2.19,>=2.6.1->docker-compose)
Collecting functools32; python_version == "2.7" (from jsonschema<3,>=2.5.1->docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/5e/1a/0aa2c8195a204a9f51284018562dea77e25511f02fe924fac202fc012172/functools32-3.2.3-2.zip
Collecting docker-pycreds>=0.2.2 (from docker<4.0,>=3.1.4->docker-compose)
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/1c/8b/538e392ecd02aef761390fd30f057af73679839bd2096130689d73142aea/docker_pycreds-0.2.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Building wheels for collected packages: backports.ssl-match-hostname, dockerpty, ipaddress, docopt, texttable, functools32
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for backports.ssl-match-hostname ... done
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/de/86/7a/b60c8892039e60d59bedfca7f812b25b5dc86e664ca80b65c9
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for dockerpty ... done
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/1b/96/b8/f3918a2fd47437b6464e9c187aff71ec8be668aafc0f36bac4
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for ipaddress ... done
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/16/57/47/a5853dc33c401e02dc9299e576ca6d8c69515d0c66963239ab
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for docopt ... done
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/81/7a/3b/9f1ec9da9d3d4116a4ad1ab9bc007239ef5c1131793d825567
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for texttable ... done
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/a7/55/84/4a547c64651b6576e5a8d07748fb427bc83988a66f862da88b
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for functools32 ... done
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/4b/ec/cd/36bb2a03a11dff82575e43e0ac512eb42d8afa16fbfa72bd8a
Successfully built backports.ssl-match-hostname dockerpty ipaddress docopt texttable functools32
Installing collected packages: websocket-client, backports.ssl-match-hostname, dockerpty, ipaddress, docopt, enum34, texttable, cached-property, functools32, jsonschema, docker-pycreds, docker, docker-compose
Successfully installed backports.ssl-match-hostname-3.5.0.1 cached-property-1.4.0 docker-3.2.1 docker-compose-1.20.1 docker-pycreds-0.2.2 dockerpty-0.4.1 docopt-0.6.2 enum34-1.1.6 functools32-3.2.3.post2 ipaddress-1.0.19 jsonschema-2.6.0 texttable-0.9.1 websocket-client-0.47.0
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# - 安裝成功後，使用
docker-compose命令查看
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# docker-compose
Define and run multi-container applications with Docker.
Usage:
docker-compose [-f <arg>...] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS...]
docker-compose -h|--help
Options:
-f, --file FILE Specify an alternate compose file
(default: docker-compose.yml)
-p, --project-name NAME Specify an alternate project name
(default: directory name)
--verbose Show more output
--log-level LEVEL Set log level (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL)
--no-ansi Do not print ANSI control characters
-v, --version Print version and exit
-H, --host HOST Daemon socket to connect to
--tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
--tlscacert CA_PATH Trust certs signed only by this CA
--tlscert CLIENT_CERT_PATH Path to TLS certificate file
--tlskey TLS_KEY_PATH Path to TLS key file
--tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote
--skip-hostname-check Don‘t check the daemon‘s hostname against the
name specified in the client certificate
--project-directory PATH Specify an alternate working directory
(default: the path of the Compose file)
--compatibility If set, Compose will attempt to convert deploy
keys in v3 files to their non-Swarm equivalent
Commands:（九）創建Wordpress應用
wordpress是最常見的博客系統，一般部署需要LAMP/WAMP環境，本章節介紹通過Docker compose對他進行編排和部署。
wordpress應用部署
1. 安裝mysql服務並創建mysql容器，指定數據庫root密碼為123456
安裝數據庫使用命令docker pull mysql
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:latest
843969e0ed8f2aa5191c4156ec604e58d1dbd26df6ad3669de5599a2d03f850f 2. 創建wordpress容器應用並後臺運行
root@iZ2ze0ht45qn4m8m1wjfdrZ:~# docker run --name some-wordpress --link some-mysql:mysql -p 8088:80 -d wordpress
0742e0698ec65020a590690fb1d240d37f0b0bafb75c38f1c4f92628ce8e0775
Docker技術學習