SpringMVC入門（一）
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-05-27
ali bubuko his eal host user doc pan 連接
Srping Web Mvc和struts2都屬於表現層框架，它是spring框架的一部分。
springmvc處理流程如下：
新建一個簡單的springmvc程序-idea：https://www.cnblogs.com/wormday/p/8435617.html
1.src下新建文件夾com.david.controller
2.web.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <!--前端控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <!--如果不配置會默認去找 /WEB-INF/{servlet-name}-servlet.xml --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <!-- 1. /* 攔截所有 jsp js png css 2. *.action *.do 攔截以action do結尾的請求 3. / 攔截所有（不包含jsp） 包含js png css --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
3.springmvc核心配置文件- dispatcher-servlet.xml (沒有用init-param指定)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--掃描controller --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.david.controller"></context:component-scan> </beans>
4.在controller目錄下新增ProductController類 --這裏註意不要印錯ModelAndView 是servlet下的 自動引入會引入portlet下的導致無法訪問
package com.david.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; @Controller @RequestMapping("/product") //一級路徑 public class ProductController { @RequestMapping("/list") //二級路徑 也可寫成/product/list public ModelAndView list(){ ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView(); mav.setViewName("/WEB-INF/views/list.jsp"); return mav; } }
5.去目錄新建該文件 輸入/product/list訪問測試
springmvc架構
1.用戶發送請求到前端控制器DispatcherServlet
2.DispatcherServlet收到請求調用HandlerMapping處理器映射器
3.處理器映射器根據請求url找到具體的處理器，生成處理器對象及處理器攔截器一並返回給DispatcherServlet
4.DispatcherServlet通過HandlerAdapter處理器適配器調用處理器
5.執行處理器Controller
6.Controller執行完成返回ModelAndView
7.HandlerAdapter將controller執行結果ModelAndView返回給DispatcherServlet
8.HandlerAdapter將controller執行結果ModelAndView返回給DispatcherServlet
9.DispatcherServlet將ModelAndView傳給ViewReslover視圖解析器
10.DispatcherServlet對view進行渲染試圖
11.DispatcherServlet響應給用戶
配置三大組件
配置處理器映射
spring3.1開始廢除了DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping的使用，默認還是這個，推薦使用RequestMappingHandlerMapping完成註解式處理器映射。
在Dispatcher-servlet.xml中配置如下
<!-- 配置處理器映射器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping" />
配置處理器適配器
從spring3.1版本開始，廢除了AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter的使用，推薦使用RequestMappingHandlerAdapter完成註解式處理器適配。
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter" />
註解驅動
直接配置以上兩個比較麻煩，可以直接使用註解驅動來加載。
SpringMVC使用<mvc:annotation-driven>自動加載RequestMappingHandlerMapping和RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
<mvc:annotation-driven />
視圖解析器
<!-- 配置視圖解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- 配置邏輯視圖的前綴 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /> <!-- 配置邏輯視圖的後綴 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean>
在controller中就可以直接寫文件名了
mav.setViewName("list");///WEB-INF/views/list.jsp
springmvc與mybatis整合
spring（包含springmvc）、mybatis、mybatis-spring整合包、數據庫驅動、第三方連接池。
編輯db.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/david2018_db?characterEncoding=utf-8 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=1234
編輯applicationContet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 加載配置文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" /> <!-- 數據庫連接池 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <property name="maxActive" value="10" /> <property name="maxIdle" value="5" /> </bean> <!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 配置mybatis核心配置文件 --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:SqlMapConfig.xml" /> <!-- 配置數據源 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!-- Mapper代理的方式掃描包 --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <!-- 配置Mapper接口 --> <property name="basePackage" value="com.david.mapper" /> </bean> <!--註解事務 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!--開啟註解 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"></tx:annotation-driven> </beans>
編輯SqlMapConfig.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!-- 設置別名 --> <typeAliases> <package name="com.david.pojo"/> </typeAliases> </configuration>
編輯web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <!--spring監聽器 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!--springmvc前端控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
編輯dispatcher-servlet.xml springmvc配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!--掃描controller --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.david.controller"></context:component-scan> <!--註解驅動 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 配置視圖解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- 配置邏輯視圖的前綴 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /> <!-- 配置邏輯視圖的後綴 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
編寫pojo類
package com.david.pojo;
public class Product {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String price;
private Integer categoryId;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(String price) {
this.price = price;
}
public Integer getCategoryId() {
return categoryId;
}
public void setCategoryId(Integer categoryId) {
this.categoryId = categoryId;
}
}
編寫mapper接口和xml文件
package com.david.mapper; import com.david.pojo.Product; import com.sun.tools.javac.util.List; public interface ProductMapper { List<Product> GetProductList(); }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.david.mapper.ProductMapper"> <select id="GetProductList" resultType="Product"> select * from Product </select> </mapper>
編輯ProductController
@Controller @RequestMapping("/product") public class ProductController { @RequestMapping("/list") public ModelAndView list(){ ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView(); mav.setViewName("list"); ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); ProductMapper mapper = ac.getBean(ProductMapper.class); List<Product> list = mapper.GetProductList(); mav.addObject("list",list); return mav; } }
list.jsp
<html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> ${list.size()} </body> </html>
SpringMVC入門（一）