首先去python官網下載python3的源碼包，網址：https://www.python.org/

進去之後點擊導航欄的Downloads，也可以鼠標放到Downloads上彈出菜單選擇Source code，就是源碼包的意思，點進去之後頁面下方可以看到下載鏈接，包括源碼包、Mac OSX安裝包、Windows的安裝包

1 安裝依賴包

[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install wget gcc automake zlib-devel openssl-devel xz
[root@node1 ~]# yum install readline-devel.x86_64    #解決python3退格功能
 

2 編譯安裝

[root@node1 ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tar.xz

[root@node1 ~]# tar xf Python-3.6.5.tar.xz  && cd Python-3.6.5

[root@node1 ~]# ./configure 
[root@node1 ~]# make && make install

3 把python3作為默認python

[root@node1 ~]# python --version
Python 2.6.6

[root@node1 ~]# which python
/usr/bin/python

[root@node1 ~]# which python3
/usr/local/bin/python3

[root@node1 ~]# ll /usr/bin/python*
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 9728 8月  18 2016 /usr/bin/python
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    6 12月 11 14:14 /usr/bin/python2 -> python
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 9728 8月  18 2016 /usr/bin/python2.6

[root@node1 ~]# rm -f /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2
[root@node1 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
[root@node1 ~]# ln -s /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/python2

驗證：
[root@node1 ~]# python --version
Python 3.6.5
 

4 指定yum調用的python版本

4.1 修改/usr/bin/yum

[root@node1 ~]# vim ?/usr/bin/yum
1 #!/usr/bin/python
  改為
1 #!/usr/bin/python2.6          # 改為python默認版本，CentOS 7.*為python2.7

或：

[root@node1 ~]# ansible all -m shell -a "sed -i ‘1s#python$#python2.6#g‘ /usr/bin/yum“
[root@node1 ~]# ansible all -m shell -a "head -1 /usr/bin/yum”
 

修改軟鏈接

[root@node1 ~]# ll /usr/bin/python*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   22 1月   4 09:41 /usr/bin/python -> /usr/local/bin/python3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   18 1月   4 09:41 /usr/bin/python2 -> /usr/bin/python2.6
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9728 8月  18 2016 /usr/bin/python2.6
[root@node1 ~]#

4.2 CentOS 7.*

需要修改 /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down文件

[root@node1 ~]# ansible all -m shell -a "sed -i ‘1s#python$#python2.7#g‘ /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down"
[root@node1 ~]# ansible all -m shell -a "head -1 /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down"

還需要修改/usr/bin/yum-config-manager

[root@node1 ~]# ansible all -m shell -a "sed -i ‘1s#python$#python2.7#g‘ /usr/bin/yum-config-manager"
[root@node1 ~]# ansible all -m shell -a "head -1 /usr/bin/yum-config-manager"

附：

mv /usr/local/lib/{,bak_}libisl.so.10.1.1-gdb.py

提示：Ignoring ensurepip failure: pip 7.1.2 requires SSL/TLS
這是原因沒有安裝或升級openssl:

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源碼安裝 python3