admin後臺篇

一、創建一個管理員用戶

(1).設置時區、語言（可選步驟）

打開settings.py，改成下面那樣

LANGUAGE_CODE = ‘zh-Hans‘
TIME_ZONE = ‘Asia/Shanghai‘

(2).執行命令python manage.py createsuperuser

(3).按提示輸入用戶名、郵箱、密碼（密碼至少需要8位）

(4).啟動服務，訪問 127.0.0.1:8000/admin 即可進入站點管理

二、向admin註冊模型

#----------admin.py---------
from django.contrib import
 
 admin
# Register your models here.
from .models import Department,Student,Course

admin.site.register(Department)
admin.site.register(Student)
admin.site.register(Course)

三、自定義管理頁面

Django提供了admin.ModelAdmin類通過定義ModelAdmin的子類，來定義模型在Admin界面的顯示方式

（一）.列表頁屬性

(1).list_display：顯示字段，可以點擊列頭進行排序

(2).list_filter：過濾字段，過濾框會出現在右側

(3).search_fields：搜索字段，搜索框會出現在上側

(4).list_per_page：分頁，分頁框會出現在下側

（二）.示例

(1).先寫好模型

#-----models.py------
class Department(models.Model):
    d_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    d_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    def __str__(self):
        return ‘Department<d_id=%s,d_name=%s>
 
‘%(
            self.d_id,self.d_name
        )

class Student(models.Model):
    s_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    s_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    department = models.ForeignKey(‘Department‘)
    course = models.ManyToManyField(‘Course‘)
    def __str__(self):
        return ‘Student<s_id=%s,s_name=%s>‘%(
            self.s_id,self.s_name
        )


class Course(models.Model):
    c_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    c_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    def __str__(self):
        return ‘Course<c_id=%s,c_name=%s>‘%(
            self.c_id,self.c_name
        )

(2).在該模型的app中的admin.py

# -----------admin.py--------
from django.contrib import admin

# Register your models here.
from .models import Department,Student,Course

class DepartmentAdimin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = [‘d_id‘,‘d_name‘]
    list_display_links = [‘d_id‘,‘d_name‘]
    list_filter = [‘d_id‘]
    search_fields = [‘d_name‘]

class StudentAdimin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = [‘s_id‘,‘s_name‘]
    list_display_links = [‘s_id‘,‘s_name‘]

class CourseAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = [‘c_id‘,‘c_name‘]
    list_display_links = [‘c_id‘,‘c_name‘]
    list_per_page = 5

admin.site.register(Department,DepartmentAdimin)
admin.site.register(Student,StudentAdimin)
admin.site.register(Course,CourseAdmin)

auth權限篇

一、使用視圖方式創建一個超級用戶

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
User.objects.create_user(username="yyyyyy",password="yyyyyy",email="[email protected]")

二、驗證用戶

不需要再用之前的filter().first()方式了，直接用django封裝好的方法

from django.contrib.auth import authenticate
user = authenticate(username=username,password=password)

Django - admin後臺、auth權限