React-redux原理探索
先看一段react-redux代碼再探索原理
import React from ‘react‘; import { render } from ‘react-dom‘; import { createStore } from ‘redux‘; import { Provider } from ‘react-redux‘; import routes from ‘./router‘; import reducer from ‘./reducer‘; const store = createStore( reducer ); render( <Provider store={store}> {routes}</Provider>, document.getElementById(‘root‘) );
先調用redux的createStore生成store,再將store作為屬性傳給Provider組件。
現在看看react-redux源代碼。
index.js頁暴露了以下幾個接口
export { Provider, createProvider, connectAdvanced, connect }
上面的demo使用的是Provider組件,Provider的主要作用是使得其所有子組件可以通過context訪問到Redux的store,現在深入了解一下Provider組件的實現原理。
class Provider extends Component { // 將store放入context使子孫組件能夠訪問到store getChildContext() { return { [storeKey]: this[storeKey], [subscriptionKey]: null } } constructor(props, context) { super(props, context) // 獲取redux實例 this[storeKey] = props.store; } render() {// 使整個應用成為Provider的子組件 // 確保Provider組件的直接子級為單個封閉元素,切勿多個組件平行放置。 return Children.only(this.props.children) } } // Redux 2.x 與React-Redux 2.x不再支持熱重載的reducer,所以在非生產環境下, // 我們會為Provider添加生命周期函數componentWillReceiveProps,如果store的值發生了變化,就會在提供警告提示 if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== ‘production‘) { Provider.prototype.componentWillReceiveProps = function (nextProps) { if (this[storeKey] !== nextProps.store) { warnAboutReceivingStore() } } } Provider.propTypes = { store: storeShape.isRequired, children: PropTypes.element.isRequired, } Provider.childContextTypes = { [storeKey]: storeShape.isRequired, [subscriptionKey]: subscriptionShape, } return Provider }
connect的作用就是將state和dispatch綁定到react組件中,使得組件可以訪問到redux,下面為connect使用demo
export default connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps, mergeProps, options = {})(ReactComponent)
connect源代碼比較長,把connect的核心實現簡化提取出來是下面的形式,最終返回的是把state和dispatch綁定到Connect的組件。
funtion connect(mapStateToProps,mapDispatchToProps,mergeProps,{一堆props}) {
return function wrapWithConnect(WrappedComponent) { class Connect extends Component { } return hoistStatics(Connect, WrappedComponent) } }
其中hoistStatics(Connect, WrappedComponent)是自動把所有綁定在WrappedComponent對象上的非React方法都綁定到Connect上。
先看看傳入的四個參數mapStateToProps,mapDispatchToProps,mergeProps,{一堆props}作用
const initMapStateToProps = match(mapStateToProps, mapStateToPropsFactories, ‘mapStateToProps‘) const initMapDispatchToProps = match(mapDispatchToProps, mapDispatchToPropsFactories, ‘mapDispatchToProps‘) const initMergeProps = match(mergeProps, mergePropsFactories, ‘mergeProps‘) return connectHOC(selectorFactory, { // used in error messages methodName: ‘connect‘, // used to compute Connect‘s displayName from the wrapped component‘s displayName. getDisplayName: name => `Connect(${name})`, // if mapStateToProps is falsy, the Connect component doesn‘t subscribe to store state changes shouldHandleStateChanges: Boolean(mapStateToProps), // passed through to selectorFactory initMapStateToProps, initMapDispatchToProps, initMergeProps, pure, areStatesEqual, areOwnPropsEqual, areStatePropsEqual, areMergedPropsEqual, // any extra options args can override defaults of connect or connectAdvanced ...extraOptions })
通過match方法生成新的函數傳遞給connectHOC(生成Connect組件的方法)
initMapStateToProps分兩種情況,不傳或者傳參為null時返回一個函數(運行傳參state返回空對象),傳參為函數時返回一個函數(執行後返回state中所傳入的屬性,例如下邊的函數會返回{todo:[]})const mapStateToProps = state => ({
todos: []
})
initMapDispatchToProps分為三種:
- 不傳參時返回函數(函數運行參數傳入dispatch,返回對象{dispatch:function dispatch(){xxx}});
- 傳參為函數時返回函數(函數運行傳參dispatch返回對象,例如下邊函數會返回{onClick:function(){xxx}})
const mapDispatchToProps = (dispatch, ownProps) => ({ onClick: () => dispatch(setVisibilityFilter(ownProps.filter)) })
- 傳參為對象時返回函數(函數運行傳參dispatch,返回{xxx:function(){xxx}})
initMergeProps不傳參默認返回 { ...ownProps, ...stateProps, ...dispatchProps }將所有props全部合成一個對象
這三種參數全部初始化完畢後執行connectHOC生成Connect組件,Connect組件會初始化兩樣東西
- initSelector:selector的主要作用是通過執行initMapStateToProps,initMapDispatchToProps,initMergeProps生成的函數計算新的props,並返回純對象(plain object),將這個對象作為props傳遞給被包裹的組件(WrappedComponent)
initSelector() { // 首先調用selectorFactory從而初始化sourceSelector,我們並不會直接調用sourceSelector,而是為了程序的健壯, // 通過將sourceSelector作為參數調用makeSelectorStateful,返回更加安全的selector。 // 從此之後,我們想要生成新的props只需要調用selector.run函數。 // 在selector.run函數中對sourceSelector的異常做了處理,並用sourceSelector.error記錄是否存在異常 // function pureFinalPropsSelector(nextState, nextOwnProps) { // return hasRunAtLeastOnce // ? handleSubsequentCalls(nextState, nextOwnProps) // : handleFirstCall(nextState, nextOwnProps) // } const sourceSelector = selectorFactory(this.store.dispatch, selectorFactoryOptions) this.selector = makeSelectorStateful(sourceSelector, this.store) this.selector.run(this.props) }
通過執行selector.run設置selector.shouldComponentUpdate再通過shouldComponentUpdate判斷selector.shouldComponentUpdate通知組件是否刷新
const selector = { run: function runComponentSelector(props) { try { const nextProps = sourceSelector(store.getState(), props) if (nextProps !== selector.props || selector.error) { selector.shouldComponentUpdate = true selector.props = nextProps selector.error = null } } catch (error) { selector.shouldComponentUpdate = true selector.error = error } } } shouldComponentUpdate() { return this.selector.shouldComponentUpdate }
- initSubscription為store增加監聽事件,在store數據變化時執行onStateChange函數
initSubscription() { if (!shouldHandleStateChanges) return // parentSub‘s source should match where store came from: props vs. context. A component // connected to the store via props shouldn‘t use subscription from context, or vice versa. const parentSub = (this.propsMode ? this.props : this.context)[subscriptionKey] this.subscription = new Subscription(this.store, parentSub, this.onStateChange.bind(this)) this.notifyNestedSubs = this.subscription.notifyNestedSubs.bind(this.subscription) }
onStateChange
函數是store發生改變的回調函數,當回調onStateChange
方法時,會通過selector計算新的props,如果計算selcetor的結果中shouldComponentUpdate
為false
,表示不需要刷新當前組件僅需要通知子組件更新。如果shouldComponentUpdate
為true
,會通過設置this.setState({})
來刷新組件,並使得在組件更新結束之後,通知子組件更新。
onStateChange() { this.selector.run(this.props) if (!this.selector.shouldComponentUpdate) { this.notifyNestedSubs() } else { this.componentDidUpdate = this.notifyNestedSubsOnComponentDidUpdate this.setState(dummyState) } }
在render操作時將selector生成的新props作為參數傳到WrappedComponent組件中,WrappedComponent組件就是connect()(ReactComponent)中傳入的ReactComponent
addExtraProps(props) { if (!withRef && !renderCountProp && !(this.propsMode && this.subscription)) return props const withExtras = { ...props } if (withRef) withExtras.ref = this.setWrappedInstance if (renderCountProp) withExtras[renderCountProp] = this.renderCount++ if (this.propsMode && this.subscription) withExtras[subscriptionKey] = this.subscription return withExtras } render() { const selector = this.selector selector.shouldComponentUpdate = false if (selector.error) { throw selector.error } else { return createElement(WrappedComponent, this.addExtraProps(selector.props)) } }
將selector.props中的屬性傳到WrappedComponent,這個props是經過計算的所有props的合集。
參考:
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000010188279
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000010113286
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000010345345
React-redux原理探索