Struts2學習(四)
struts-defualt.xml指定的result的類型
1、struts-defualt.xml 文件的 181 行 開始定義了:
<result-types>
<result-type name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionChainResult"/>
<result-type name="dispatcher" class="org.apache.struts2.result.ServletDispatcherResult" default="true"/>
<result-type name="freemarker" class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerResult"/>
<result-type name="httpheader" class="org.apache.struts2.result.HttpHeaderResult"/>
<result-type name="redirect" class="org.apache.struts2.result.ServletRedirectResult"/>
<result-type name="redirectAction" class="org.apache.struts2.result.ServletActionRedirectResult"/>
<result-type name="stream" class="org.apache.struts2.result.StreamResult"/>
<result-type name="velocity" class="org.apache.struts2.result.VelocityResult"/>
<result-type name="xslt" class="org.apache.struts2.views.xslt.XSLTResult"/>
<result-type name="plainText" class="org.apache.struts2.result.PlainTextResult" />
<result-type name="postback" class="org.apache.struts2.result.PostbackResult" />
</result-types>
2、所有的 <result> 默認的名稱 ( name ) 都是 success ,默認的 類型 ( type ) 都是 dispatcher
3、dispatcher 等同於 RequestDispatcher 中的 forward 操作 ,redirect 等同於 HttpServletResponse 中的 sendRedirect 操作
4、當 type = "redirect" 時,可以指定任意的位置
<result type="redirect">http://www.google.com</result>
redirectAction 類似於 redirect , 與 redirect 不同的是它專門重定向到 <action>
<result name="success" type="redirectAction">
<param name="namespace">/customer</param>
<param name="actionName">page/success/register</param>
</result>
全局的 result
1、<global-results>在這裏所寫的 result 屬於當前包 的全局 result,當前包 的所有<action>可以訪問
2、action標簽呢的result屬於局部的result,僅僅當前的 <action> 可以訪問
控制異常1、<global-exception-mappings>全局的異常映射,裏面的result只能引用全局的result
2、測試案例 index.jsp
<%@ page language = "java" pageEncoding = "UTF-8" %>
<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset= UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Apache Struts</title>
<style type="text/css">
.container { width: 90% ; margin: 10px auto ; box-shadow: 0px 0px 5px 4px #dedede ; padding: 5px 5px ; }
ul .required { color : blue ; }
ul li { font-size: 16px ; padding: 5px 5px ; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h4> <global-results> 和 <global-exception-mappings> :</h4>
<a href="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/throw/hello?throw=true" >發生異常</a>
<a href="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/throw/hello?throw=false" >不發生異常</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="throw" namespace="/throw" extends="struts-default">
<global-results>
<!-- 在這裏所寫的 result 屬於當前包 的全局 result -->
<result name="index" type="redirect">/results/index.jsp</result>
<result name="exception" type="dispatcher">/results/catch.jsp</result>
</global-results>
<!-- 全局的exception只能引用全局的result -->
<global-exception-mappings>
<exception-mapping exception="java.lang.RuntimeException"
result="exception" />
</global-exception-mappings>
<action name="hello" class="ecut.results.action.HelloAction">
<!-- 僅僅當前的 <action> 可以訪問,屬於局部的 result -->
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">/results/hello.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
Action類
package ecut.results.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action;
public class HelloAction implements Action {
private boolean t ;
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println(t);
if( t ) {
throw new RuntimeException( "出錯了" );
}
return SUCCESS;
}
//jsp中的屬性名要和get方法保持一致
public boolean getThrow(){
return this.t ;
}
public void setThrow( boolean t ) {
this.t = t ;
}
}
jsp中的屬性名只需要和getter setter 方法一致就行
catch.jsp
<%@ page language = "java" pageEncoding = "UTF-8" %>
<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset= UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>catch</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>catch</h1>
</body>
</html>
hello.jsp
<%@ page language = "java" pageEncoding = "UTF-8" %>
<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset= UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>hello</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello</h1>
</body>
</html>
struts-plugin.xml中定義的result-type
1、struts-defualt.xml的json-default包中定義的result-type
<result-types> <result-type name="json" class="org.apache.struts2.json.JSONResult"/> <result-type name="jsonActionRedirect" class="org.apache.struts2.json.JSONActionRedirectResult"/> </result-types>
2、struts2-json-plugin測試案例
添加需要的jar包,下載鏈接https://files.cnblogs.com/files/AmyZheng/jckson%E4%BE%9D%E8%B5%96%E5%8C%85.rar
普通方法將object轉換json代碼如下:
package ecut.results.action; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Map; import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper; import ecut.results.entity.Customer; public class test { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { Customer c = new Customer(); c.setPassword("123456"); c.setConfirm("123456"); c.setUsername("Amy"); ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper (); String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(c); System.out.println(json); Customer customer = mapper.readValue(json, Customer.class); System.out.println(customer.getUsername()+","+customer.getPassword()); Map<?,?> map = mapper.readValue(json, Map.class); for(Map.Entry<?, ?> entry: map.entrySet()){ System.out.println(entry.getKey()+":"+ entry.getValue()); } } }
利用Struts2插件將json進行轉換,代碼如下:
index.jsp
<%@ page language = "java" pageEncoding = "UTF-8" %>
<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset= UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Apache Struts</title> <style type="text/css"> .container { width: 90% ; margin: 10px auto ; box-shadow: 0px 0px 5px 4px #dedede ; padding: 5px 5px ; } ul .required { color : blue ; } ul li { font-size: 16px ; padding: 5px 5px ; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <h4> 使用 json 類型 :</h4> <a href="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/json/customer" >Java Bean</a> <a href="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/json/map" >Map</a> </div> </body> </html>
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> <struts> <!-- JSON : JavaScript Object Notation --> <!-- json-default繼承了struts-default並擴展了他 --> <package name="json" namespace="/json" extends="json-default"> <default-class-ref class="ecut.results.action.JsonAction" /> <action name="customer" method="bean"> <result name="success" type="json"> <!-- 指定 root 參數,可以確定 只將哪個屬性 轉換為 JSON 格式 --> <param name="root">customer</param> </result> </action> <action name="map" method="map"> <result name="success" type="json"> <param name="root">map</param> </result> </action> </package> </struts>
指定 root 參數,可以確定 只將哪個屬性 轉換為 JSON 格式
Action類
package ecut.results.action; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action; import ecut.results.entity.Customer; public class JsonAction implements Action { private Customer customer; private Map<String, Integer> map; @Override public String execute() throws Exception { return SUCCESS; } public String map() throws Exception { map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("各種粉", 4); map.put("藜蒿炒臘肉", 5); map.put("瓦罐湯", 3); return SUCCESS; } public String bean() throws Exception { customer = new Customer(); customer.setUsername("張三豐"); customer.setPassword("hello2017"); return SUCCESS; } public Customer getCustomer() { return customer; } public void setCustomer(Customer customer) { this.customer = customer; } public Map<String, Integer> getMap() { return map; } public void setMap(Map<String, Integer> map) { this.map = map; } }
添加json註解,是密碼和確認密碼不要進行序列化
result-type為stream
1、通過result的type=“stream”來處理。 2、參數說明:- contentType:指定文件類型,默認為text/plain即純文本.(更多類型可查詢tomcat安裝目錄下的conf目錄的web.xml文件,例如application/vnd.ms-excel:Excel下載;application/octet-stream:文件下載),此處用image/jpeg:得到驗證碼圖片。
- inputName:指定action中inputStream類型的屬性名稱,需要getter方法。
- contentDisposition:指定文件下載的處理方式,包括內聯(inline)和附件(attachment)兩種方式,而附件方式會彈出文件保存對話框,
- 否則瀏覽器會嘗試直接顯示文件。取值為:attachment;filename="${fileName}",表示文件下載的時候取名為通過EL表達式進行獲取;如果只有
- filename="${fileName}"如同inline;filename="${fileName}",瀏覽器會嘗試在線打開它;如果未指定filename屬性則以瀏覽器的頁面名作為文件名。
- bufferSize:輸出時緩沖區的大小設置為 attachment 將會告訴瀏覽器下載該文件,filename 指定下載文件保有存時的文件名,若未指定將會是以瀏覽的頁面名作為文件名,如以 download.action 作為文件名。這裏使用的是動態文件名,${fileName}。它將通過 Action 的 getFileName() 獲得文件名。也就是說Action裏面要有一個getFileName ()的方法。
3、上傳和展示圖片測試案例
index.jsp
<%@ page language = "java" pageEncoding = "UTF-8" %>
<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset= UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Apache Struts</title> <style type="text/css"> .container { width: 90% ; margin: 10px auto ; box-shadow: 0px 0px 5px 4px #dedede ; padding: 5px 5px ; } ul .required { color : blue ; } ul li { font-size: 16px ; padding: 5px 5px ; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <h4> 使用 stream 類型 :</h4> <a href="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/stream/show" >顯示</a> <a href="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/stream/down" >下載</a> <!-- 可以在 URL 中傳遞被下載的文件名,Action 中的 name 屬性負責接收 --> <a href="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/stream/down?name=study.jpg" >下載</a> </div> </body> </html>
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> <struts> <package name="stream" namespace="/stream" extends="struts-default"> <default-class-ref class="ecut.results.action.ImageAction" /> <action name="show"> <param name="storePath">C:/Users/Administrator/Pictures</param> <result name="success" type="stream"> <!-- inputName 屬性用來指定 從哪個輸入流中讀取 文件 , 默認名稱是 inputStream ( InputStream 類型 ) --> <param name="inputName">inputStream</param> <param name="contentType">image/jpeg</param> <param name="contentDisposition">inline</param> </result> </action> <action name="down"> <param name="storePath">C:/Users/Administrator/Pictures</param> <result name="success" type="stream"> <param name="inputName">inputStream</param> <param name="contentType">image/jpeg</param> <param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename="${ name }"</param> </result> </action> </package> </struts>
Action類
package ecut.results.action; import java.io.InputStream; import java.net.URLEncoder; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Path; import java.nio.file.Paths; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action; public class ImageAction implements Action { private String storePath ; // 文件的存儲目錄 private String name ; // 被下載的文件的名稱 private InputStream inputStream ; @Override public String execute() throws Exception { name = "學習.jpg" ; // inputStream = new FileInputStream( "C:/" + name ) ; Path path = Paths.get( storePath , name ) ; inputStream = Files.newInputStream( path ); name = URLEncoder.encode( name , "UTF-8" ); return SUCCESS; } public InputStream getInputStream() { return inputStream; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getStorePath() { return storePath; } public void setStorePath(String storePath) { this.storePath = storePath; } }
轉載請於明顯處標明出處
https://www.cnblogs.com/AmyZheng/p/9207275.html
Struts2學習(四)