expect腳本同步文件,expect腳本指定host和要同步的文件,構建文件分發系統,批量遠程執行
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-07-23
ron 構建文件分發系統 vim private you 參數 system print idle expect腳本同步文件
- 在一臺機器上把文件同步到多臺機器上
- 自動同步文件
[root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim 4.expect #!/usr/bin/expect set passwd "s5381561" spawn rsync -av [email protected]:/tmp/12.txt /tmp/ expect { "yes/no" { send "yes\r"} "password:" { send "$passwd\r" } } expect eof [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# chmod a+x 4.expect [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# ./4.expect spawn rsync -av [email protected]:/tmp/12.txt /tmp/ [email protected]‘s password: receiving incremental file list 12.txt sent 43 bytes received 97 bytes 280.00 bytes/sec total size is 5 speedup is 0.04 [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# cat /tmp/12.txt 1212 - expect eof ：只有spawn執行的命令結果才會被expect捕捉到，因為spawn會啟動一個進程，只有這個進程的相關信息才會被捕捉到，主要包括：標準輸入的提示信息，eof和timeout。set timeout 定義超時時間（單位為 秒） -1 為永遠不超時
expect腳本指定host和要同步的文件
- 指定host和要同步的文件
[root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim 5.expect #!/usr/bin/expect set passwd "s5381561" set host [lindex $argv 0] set file [lindex $argv 1] spawn rsync -av $file root@$host:$file expect { "yes/no" { send "yes\r"} "password:" { send "$passwd\r" } } expect eof [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# chmod a+x 5.expect [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# ./5.expect 192.168.21.129 /root/akui.txt spawn rsync -av /root/akui.txt [email protected]:/root/akui.txt [email protected]‘s password: sending incremental file list akui.txt sent 84 bytes received 35 bytes 238.00 bytes/sec total size is 0 speedup is 0.00 - 指定目標ip和本機要同步的文件，必須寫絕對路徑
構建文件分發系統
- 需求背景：對於大公司而言，肯定時不時會有網站或者配置文件更新，而且使用的機器肯定也是好多臺，少則幾臺，多則幾十甚至上百臺。所以，自動同步文件是至關重要的。
- 實現思路：首先要有一臺模板機器，把要分發的文件準備好，然後只要使用expect腳本批量把需要同步的文件分發到目標機器即可。
- 核心命令：rsync -av --files-from=list.txt / root@host:/
- 使用rsync 的 --files-from參數，可以實現調用文件裏面的列表，進行多個文件遠程傳輸，進而實現文件分發
- rsync.expect 內容
[root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim rsync.expect #!/usr/bin/expect set passwd "s5381561" set host [lindex $argv 0] set file [lindex $argv 1] spawn rsync -avR --files-from=$file / root@$host:/ expect { "yes/no" { send "yes\r"} "password:" { send "$passwd\r" } } expect eof- -R可以遞歸創建目錄
- 創建需要同步IP地址的列表文件
[root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim /tmp/ip.list 192.168.21.129 127.0.0.1 - 創建需要同步IP地址的列表文件
[root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim /tmp/file.list /root/222/1111/11.txt /root/1.txt - rsync.sh 內容
[root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim rsync.sh #!/bin/bash for ip in `cat /tmp/ip.list` do echo $ip ./rsync.expect $ip /tmp/file.list done - 分發系統還有一個重要的關鍵是，確保同步的機器的密碼一致，否則將不能實現同步；所以這就存在一個弊端，一旦腳本暴露，將會讓別人知道如何登陸你機器；當然也有對應的解決辦法，那就是使用密鑰認證，這樣的話，自然在命令行業省去“輸入密碼< password:" { send "$passwd\r" } >‘‘”和“定義密碼< set passwd "123123a" >”的命令了
- 測試
root@akuilinux01 sbin]# sh rsync.sh 192.168.21.129 spawn rsync -avR --files-from=/tmp/file.list / [email protected]:/ [email protected]‘s password: building file list ... done root/ root/1.txt root/222/ root/222/1111/ root/222/1111/11.txt sent 299 bytes received 63 bytes 724.00 bytes/sec total size is 72 speedup is 0.20 127.0.0.1 spawn rsync -avR --files-from=/tmp/file.list / [email protected]:/ The authenticity of host ‘127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1)‘ can‘t be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:r2y+hZVvvomXE4d3uRSM0cO+kMdqyWAOMqpTtA2qp6I. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:ee:da:3b:ea:27:56:38:82:bc:e8:73:10:18:a0:c2:bd. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added ‘127.0.0.1‘ (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. [email protected]‘s password: [root@akuilinux01 sbin]#批量遠程執行命令
- exe.expect 內容
[root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim exe.expect #!/usr/bin/expect set host [lindex $argv 0] set passwd "s5381561" set cm [lindex $argv 1] spawn ssh root@$host expect { "yes/no" { send "yes\r"} "password:" { send "$passwd\r" } } expect "]*" send "$cm\r" expect "]*" send "exit\r" - exe.sh 內容
[root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim exe.sh #!/bin/bash for ip in `cat /tmp/ip.list` do echo $ip ./exe.expect $ip "w;ls /tmp" done - 測試
[root@akuilinux01 sbin]# chmod a+x exe.expect [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# sh exe.sh 192.168.21.129 spawn ssh [email protected] [email protected]‘s password: Last login: Sun Jul 22 22:19:51 2018 from 192.168.21.128 [root@akuilinux02 ~]# w;ls /tmp 23:34:18 up 1:56, 2 users, load average: 0.08, 0.03, 0.05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT root pts/0 192.168.21.1 22:14 27:06 0.01s 0.01s -bash root pts/1 192.168.21.128 23:34 0.00s 0.01s 0.00s w 12.txt mysql.sock systemd-private-12cfefcc2aaa4137b4ea969d11fbf699-chronyd.service-5DHBEF systemd-private-12cfefcc2aaa4137b4ea969d11fbf699-vgauthd.service-sG39NN systemd-private-12cfefcc2aaa4137b4ea969d11fbf699-vmtoolsd.service-CVypi4 [root@akuilinux02 ~]# 127.0.0.1 spawn ssh [email protected] [email protected]‘s password: Last failed login: Sun Jul 22 23:28:56 CST 2018 from 127.0.0.1 on ssh:notty There were 2 failed login attempts since the last successful login. Last login: Sun Jul 22 21:35:11 2018 from 192.168.21.1 [root@akuilinux01 ~]# w;ls /tmp 23:34:18 up 2:05, 2 users, load average: 0.12, 0.05, 0.05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT root pts/0 192.168.21.1 21:35 2.00s 0.25s 0.00s /usr/bin/expect ./exe.expect 127. root pts/1 127.0.0.1 23:34 0.00s 0.00s 0.00s w 12.txt akuilinux aming.sock file.list ip.list lalal mysql.sock systemd-private-09ebb5bc0a88443db92bc329d77b2efc-chronyd.service-WDveS2 systemd-private-09ebb5bc0a88443db92bc329d77b2efc-httpd.service-Ok7bke systemd-private-09ebb5bc0a88443db92bc329d77b2efc-vgauthd.service-B8RbhF systemd-private-09ebb5bc0a88443db92bc329d77b2efc-vmtoolsd.service-WiU5il systemd-private-c27889f557f94d1b8cfed596ba761ba5-chronyd.service-kH7zvQ systemd-private-c27889f557f94d1b8cfed596ba761ba5-httpd.service-Cj8ABZ systemd-private-c27889f557f94d1b8cfed596ba761ba5-vgauthd.service-21n8Br systemd-private-c27889f557f94d1b8cfed596ba761ba5-vmtoolsd.service-8VTbyC www.sock擴展
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expect腳本同步文件,expect腳本指定host和要同步的文件,構建文件分發系統,批量遠程執行