新建文件夾
mkdir project1
cd project1


新建虛擬環境
virtualevn env
cd到project1的bin裏
激活虛擬環境
source activate

在虛擬環境中安裝依賴
pip install django==1.11.11 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
pip install djangorestframework

序列化

serializers只做一件事情，json化model對象

首先在app01創建一個serializers.py來編寫序列化相關的代碼：

from app01.models import Comment,Article,School
 
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.validators import ValidationError

class CommentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    #相當於form組件的勾子
    def validate_content(self,value):
        if ‘草‘ in value:
            raise ValidationError(‘不符合社會主義核心價值觀‘)
        else:
            
 
return value

    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = ‘__all__‘，所有字段
        extra_kwargs = {
            ‘content‘:{
                ‘error_message‘:{
                    ‘required‘:‘內容不能為空‘,
                }
            }
        }

class ArticleModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):


    
 
class Meta:
        model = Article
        fields = ‘__all__‘

#HyperlinkedModelSerializer:建立超鏈接關系
class ArticleHyperLinkedSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    school = serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer(view_name=‘school_detail1111‘,
                                                    lookup_url_kwarg=‘id‘)

    class Meta:
        model = Article
        fields = {‘id‘,‘title‘,‘type‘,‘school‘}


class SchoolSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):


    class Meta:
        model = School
        fields = ‘__all__‘

編寫視圖文件views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from app01 import models
from django import views
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from app01 import serializers as app01_serializers

# Create your views here.

class Comment(APIView):


    def get(self,request):
        res = {‘code‘:0}
        # 數據
        all_comment = models.Comment.objects.all()
        #序列化
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.CommentSerializer(all_comment,many=True)
        res[‘data‘] = ser_obj.data
        return Response(res)

    def post(self,request):
        res = {‘code‘:0}
        # 去提交的數據
        comment_data = self.request.data
#        對用戶提交的數據做校驗
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.CommentSerializer(data=comment_data)

        if ser_obj.is_valid():
            ser_obj.save()
#             表示數據沒問題可以創建
        else:
            # 表示數據有問題
            res[‘code‘] = 1
            res[‘error‘] = ser_obj.errors
        return HttpResponse(‘創建新評論‘)

    def put(self,request):
        # rest framework封裝好的request
        print(self,request)
        print(self.request.data)
        return HttpResponse(‘修改評論‘)

    def delete(self,request):
        print(self.request)
        print(self.request.data)
        return HttpResponse(‘刪除評論‘)


# 文章CBV
class Article(APIView):

    def get(self,request):

        res = {‘code‘:0}
        all_article = models.Article.objects.all()
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.ArticleHyperLinkedSerializer(
            all_article,many=True,context={‘request‘:request}
        )
        res[‘data‘] = ser_obj.data
        return Response(res)

    def post(self,request):
        res = {‘code‘:0}
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.ArticleHyperLinkedSerializer(
            data=self.request.data)
        if ser_obj.is_valid():
            ser_obj.save()
        else:
            res[‘code‘] = 1
            res[‘error‘]=ser_obj.errors
        return Response(res)


class ArticleDetail(APIView):


    def get(self,request,pk):
        res = {‘code‘:0}
        article_obj = models.Article.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
#         序列化
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.ArticleHyperLinkedSerializer(article_obj,context={‘request‘:request})
        res[‘data‘]=ser_obj.data
        return Response(res)
    

class SchoolDetail(APIView):
    
    def get(self,request,id):
        res = {‘code‘:0}
        school_obj = models.School.objects.filter(pk=id).first()
        ser_obj = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer(school_obj,context={‘request‘:request})
        res[‘data‘] = ser_obj.data
        return Response(res)
        
        

app01/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r‘article/‘, views.Article.as_view()),
    url(r‘article/(?P<pk>\d+)‘, views.ArticleDetail.as_view(), name=‘article-detail‘),
    url(r‘school/(?P<id>\d+)‘, views.SchoolDetail.as_view(), name=‘school-detail111‘),

    # 評論
    # url(r‘comment_list/‘, ),
    # url(r‘add_comment/‘, ),
    # url(r‘delete_comment/‘, ),
    # url(r‘edit_comment/‘, ),
    url(r‘comment/‘, views.Comment.as_view()),
]

settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ‘django.contrib.admin‘,
    ‘django.contrib.auth‘,
    ‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,
    ‘django.contrib.sessions‘,
    ‘django.contrib.messages‘,
    ‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,
    ‘app01.apps.App01Config‘,
    ‘rest_framework‘
]

虛擬環境新建項目 rest framework