import json

dict1 = {‘School‘:‘zhoubei‘,‘Name‘: ‘張三‘, ‘Age‘: 7, ‘Class‘: ‘第一班‘}
print dict1[‘School‘]
print json.dumps(dict1).decode(‘unicode-escape‘)

二、if /while 循環

-------輸入三個數字，是否能組成三角形，並判斷是什麽三角形--------
n1 = int(raw_input(‘請輸入第一個整數數字：‘))
n2 = int(raw_input(‘請輸入第二個整數數字：‘))
n3 = int(raw_input(‘請輸入第三個整數數字：‘))

if n1 + n2> n3 and n2 + n3> n1 and n1 + n3> n2:??????? #兩邊之和大於第三邊
    if n1 == n2 and n2 == n3:
        print (‘這是個等邊三角形‘)
    elif n1 == n2 or n2 == n3 or n1 == n3:
        print (‘這是個等腰三角形‘)
    elif n1**2+n2**2 == n3**2 or n2**2 + n3**2 == n1**2 or n1**2 + n3**2 == n2**2:??? #符合勾股定理為直角三角形
        print (‘這是個直角三角形‘)
    else:
        print (‘這是個普通的三角形‘)
else:
    print (‘無法組成三角形：‘)

-----------------與電腦猜拳-------------------
import random
import json

dict_c = {1:‘石頭‘,2:‘剪刀‘,3:‘布‘}
dict_u =  {‘石頭‘:1,‘剪刀‘:2,‘布‘:3}
user = raw_input(‘請輸入：(只能是石頭/剪刀/布)‘)
user1 = dict_u[user]
computer = random.randint(1,3)
c = dict_c[computer]

if user != ‘石頭‘ and user != ‘剪刀‘ and user != ‘布‘:
    print(‘你又調皮了，只能輸入石頭/剪刀/布‘)
else:
    print(‘電腦出：‘)
    print json.dumps(c).decode(‘unicode-escape‘)

    print("輸贏結果：")
    if user == c:
        print(‘平手‘)
    elif user1 == 1 and computer == 3:
        print(‘SB，你輸啦‘)
    elif user1 == 2 and computer == 1:
        print(‘SB，你輸啦‘)
    elif user1 == 3 and computer == 2:
        print(‘SB，你輸啦‘)
    else:
        print(‘你走狗屎運了‘)

-----------------輸出100以內的素數-------------------
n=2
while(n<100):
    i = 2??????????????????? #i從2開始
    while(i<=10):
        if n%i == 0:
            break
        i+=1
    if (i>n/i):
        print n
    n+=1
 

三、for 循環

#公雞3元/只，母雞5元/只，小雞每元3只
-----------------100元買100只雞-------------------
for x in range(33):?????????????????   # 100元內，公雞數不能超過33只
    for y in range(20):??????????? ?   # 同理，母雞不能超過20只
        for z in range(100):?? ????   # 同理，小雞不會超過100只
            if 3*x+5*y+(1.0/3)*z ==100 and x+y+z==100:
                print x,y,z

--------------輸出1-9,0-----------------
    list1 = range(10)
    list1.append(list1.pop(0))
    print list1

#一對兔子每月生一對兔子，剛出生的兔子兩個月後才能生育
--------------21個月兔子數量-----------------
num1 = 2
num2 = 2
sum = 0
for i in range(1,21):
    print "第",i,"個月"??????? 
    num1 = num2
    num2 = sum
    sum = num1+num2
    print "有", sum, "個兔子"  ????#後一個月兔子的數量為前兩個月兔子數量之和
print "一共有",sum,"個兔子"

#小明有一美元要買（1-100美分）東西，求出找零最少的情況
--------------找零錢-----------------
buy = input(‘請輸入買糖的價格1-100：‘)
count = 0
for a in range(0,5):?????????????????   #25美分面額的 不能超過4張? （25×5>100） ???????
    for b in range(0,3):??????????????? #10美分面額的 不能超過2張? （10×3>25）這時可以給一張25美分面額的替代了
        for c in range(0,2):??????? ????# 5美分面額的 不能超過1張 ?（5×2=10） 這時可以用一張10美分面額的替代了
            for d in range(0,5):??? ????#1美分的 不能超過4張?? （1×5=5） 這時可以給一張5 美分面額的替代
                if a*25+b*10+c*5+d*1+buy == 100 and 10*b+5*c!=25 and 5*d+c!=10:
                    count = a + b + c + d
                    print ‘找零%d個25美分 %d個10美分 %d個5美分 %d個1美分‘%(a, b, c, d)
                    print ‘一共‘, count, ‘個硬幣‘

---------------乘法口訣表--------------------
for i in range(1,10):
        for j in range(1,i+1):
                if i*j<10:
                        print i, ‘ב, j, ‘=‘, i * j, ‘ ‘,
                else:
                        print i,‘ב,j ,‘=‘, i*j,‘‘,
        print ‘‘
 

四、函數

-----------------輸出不定個數的數字的和-------------
sum_b = 0
sum_c = 0
sum_d = 0
def functionC(x,y,*args,**kwargs):
    global sum_d
    sum_b = x+y
    sum_c= sum(args)??????? #求和函數sum()必須傳入可叠代對象
    sum_d = sum_c+sum_b
    return sum_d
functionC(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)
print sum_d

------------模擬range（）全功能----------------
list_input = [2,9]            ????#手動調制輸入的range()
def range_1(*args):
    if len(list_input)==1:    #輸入一個數字時
        x0 = list_input[0]
        list_output = []
        i = 0
        while x0>1 and i<x0:
            list_output.append(i)
            i+=1
        else:
            print ‘輸入的數字必須大於1‘
        return list_output
    elif len(list_input)==2:  #輸入二個數字時
        x0  = list_input[0]
        x1 = list_input[1]
        list_output = []
        i = x0
        if x0<x1:
            while x1>0 and i<x1:
                list_output.append(i)
                i+=1
            return list_output
        else:
            print(‘輸入錯誤‘)
    elif len(list_input)==3:  #輸入三個數字時
        x0  = list_input[0]
        x1 = list_input[1]
        x3 = list_input[2]
        list_output = []
        i = x0
        if x0<x1 and x3<x1:
            while x1>1 and i<x1:
                list_output.append(i)
                i+=x3
            return list_output
        else:
            print(‘輸入錯誤‘)
    else:
        print ‘你又調皮了，最多只能輸入三個‘
print range_1(list_input)

-----------遍歷計算字符串的長度----------
list_a = []
j = 0
def str_x(str_a):
    for i in str_a:
        global j??????????? #使用全局變量計數
        list_a.append(i)
        j+=1
    return j
str_a =list(raw_input(‘請輸入字符串：‘))
str_x(str_a)
print j

------------計算傳入數字的各個位數之和------------
def item_sum(x):
    if str1<0:??????????????? #輸入的數小於零時
        abs(str1)???????  #取絕對值
        list_sum = []
        str2 = str(x)
        for item in str2:
            list_sum.append(int(item))
    elif str1>0:
        list_sum = []
        str2 = str(x)
        for item in str2:
            list_sum.append(int(item))
        return sum(list_sum)
    else:
        return 0
str1 = 3418291283??????????? #傳入數字轉成字符串 / 傳入數字型字符串
print item_sum(str1)

-----------------互不相同且無重復數字的三位數----------------
count = 0
list_b = 0
def third_num(list_a):
    list_len = []
    global count
    for i in list_a:
        for j in list_a:
            for k in list_a:
                if i!=j and j!=k and i!=k:
                    list_b =str(i)+str(j)+str(k)
                    list_len.append(list_b)
                    count+=1
    return list_len

list_a = [1,2,3,4]
print third_num(list_a)
print ‘三位數個數：‘,count

----------------判斷這一天是這一年的第幾天----------------------
def day_in_year(year_n,month_n,day_n):
    run = [31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31]        #閏年，二月份天數不能大於29
    ping = [31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31]        #非閏年，二月份天數不能大於28
    if year_n>= 1 and 12>=month_n>= 1 and 32>day_n>= 1:
        if year_n % 4 == 0 and year_n % 100 != 0 or year_n % 400==0:
            day_n = sum(run[:month_n-1])+day_n
            return day_n
        else:
            day_n = sum(ping[:month_n-1])+day_n
            return day_n
    else:
        print ‘輸入格式錯誤‘
year_n, month_n,day_n= int(raw_input(‘請輸入年‘)),int(raw_input(‘請輸入月‘)),int(raw_input(‘請輸入日‘))
print day_in_year(year_n,month_n,day_n)

----------------不使用sort()完成對任意list的升序和降序的排列-------------------???#冒泡排序
list7 = [2,5,6,1,4,9,]
def sort_num(*args):
    list8 = []
    for i in range(len(list7)):
        for j in range(len(list7)-1):
            if list7[i]<list7[j]:
                list7[j],list7[i] = list7[i],list7[j]??? #直接交換
    list8 = list7
    return list8
print ‘升序結果：‘,sort_num(list7)

-----------對元組內數字型元素求和----------------
def fun(num1,num2,*agrs,**kwargs):
    sum1 = 0
    sum2 = 0
    sum0 = int(num1.strip())+int(num2)
    for i in agrs:
        if str(i).strip().isdigit():
            sum1 += int(i)
    for j in kwargs.values():
        if str(j).strip().isdigit():
            sum2 += int(j)
    num3 = sum0+sum1+sum2
    return num3
a = fun(‘  1‘, 2, 3, ‘  4‘, 5, ‘hello‘, a1=2, b1=3)
print a

--------------字典合並----------------
def merge_two_dicts(x, y):
    dict3 = {}
    dict3 = dict1.copy()
    dict3.update(dict2)
    return dict3
dict1 = {‘a‘:1,‘b‘:2,‘c‘:3,‘d‘:‘hello‘}
dict2 = {‘a‘:2,‘b‘:‘2‘,‘c‘:‘she‘,‘e‘:‘10‘,‘f‘:4}
print(merge_two_dicts(dict1,dict2))
 

python—基礎練習題