MySQL之按月拆分主表並按月分表寫入數據提高數據查詢速度
主表數據量特別大,為了提高查詢的速度,可以考慮按月進行分表,要求就是當月的數據到當月表查詢,上月的數據到上月表查詢,當天的數據到主表來查詢。這樣在一定程度上也是提高了數據的查詢速度
過程演示:
1.創建總表:
CREATE TABLE `zong_biao` ( `id` int(8) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `username` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL, `password` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL, `create_time` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL, `day` date NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘0000-00-00‘ COMMENT ‘日期‘, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci;
2.創建定時器:
當前時間1分鐘後,每2分鐘寫入一條數據到zong_biao,為了演示,要保證主表裏面一直有數據定時在寫入
delimiter $$ create event event_1 on schedule every 2 MINUTE STARTS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 1 MINUTE COMMENT ‘xiaowu create‘ do BEGIN insert into test.zong_biao(username,password,create_time,day) values("李四","tomcat",now(),curdate()); END $$ delimiter ;
3.按月對主表進行分表拆分數據
3.1建立上月表和本月表
mysql> create table biao_lastmonth like zong_biao;
Query OK, 0 rows affected
mysql> create table biao_month like zong_biao;
Query OK, 0 rows affected
3.2.創建一個表來記錄是否是1號,數據寫入是否成功:
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `dr_call_time` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `c_datetime` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT ‘執行時間‘, `type` tinyint(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘0‘ COMMENT ‘是否為1號,默認為0,即不是1號‘, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
mysql> select * from dr_call_time;
+----+---------------------+------+
| id | c_datetime | type |
+----+---------------------+------+
| 1 | 2018-09-24 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 2 | 2018-09-25 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 3 | 2018-09-26 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 4 | 2018-09-27 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 5 | 2018-09-28 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 6 | 2018-09-29 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 7 | 2018-09-30 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 8 | 2018-10-01 02:00:01 | 1 |
| 9 | 2018-10-02 02:00:00 | 0 |
+----+---------------------+------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3.3. 建立存儲過程
/*每月1號 清空上月表,清空本月表;如果不是每月1號,則把昨天的數據插入本月數據表中*/
delimiter //
CREATE PROCEDURE p_dr_stats()
BEGIN
declare v_day int;
declare v_yesterday date;
set v_day = day(curdate());
set v_yesterday = date_sub(current_date(),interval 1 day);
select v_day;
/*select v_yesterday;*/
/*每月第一天 清空本月表和上月表;如果不是本月第一天,則把昨天的數據插入本月數據表中*/
if v_day = 1 then
truncate table biao_lastmonth;
truncate table biao_month;
insert into biao_lastmonth select * from zong_biao where day >= date_add(curdate()-day(curdate())+1,interval -1 month) and day < date_add(curdate(), interval - day(curdate()) + 1 day);
insert into dr_call_time(c_datetime,type) values(now(),1); /* 用於記錄該過程是否已執行*/
else
insert into biao_month select * from zong_biao where day >= v_yesterday and day < curdate();
insert into dr_call_time(c_datetime) values(now());
end if;
end //
delimiter ;
3.4 建立定時任務event
/*從2018-09-24 02:00:00開始,每天淩晨2:00執行上面的3.3的存儲過程
delimiter //
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 day STARTS TIMESTAMP ‘2018-09-24 02:00:00‘
ON COMPLETION PRESERVE
DO
BEGIN
CALL p_dr_stats();
END//
delimiter ;
查看記錄是否是1號的表,了解event定時器和儲存過程的執行狀態
mysql> select * from dr_call_time;
+----+---------------------+------+
| id | c_datetime | type |
+----+---------------------+------+
| 1 | 2018-09-24 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 2 | 2018-09-25 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 3 | 2018-09-26 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 4 | 2018-09-27 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 5 | 2018-09-28 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 6 | 2018-09-29 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 7 | 2018-09-30 02:00:00 | 0 |
| 8 | 2018-10-01 02:00:01 | 1 |
| 9 | 2018-10-02 02:00:00 | 0 |
+----+---------------------+------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
到此處演示完畢,測試都是沒問題的。
3.5查看創建存儲過程的語句
mysql> show create procedure p_dr_stats\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Procedure: p_dr_stats
sql_mode: STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
Create Procedure: CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `p_dr_stats`()
BEGIN
declare v_day int;
declare v_yesterday date;
set v_day = day(curdate());
set v_yesterday = date_sub(current_date(),interval 1 day);
select v_day;
if v_day = 1 then
truncate table biao_lastmonth;
truncate table biao_month;
insert into biao_lastmonth select * from zong_biao where day >= date_add(curdate()-day(curdate())+1,interval -1 month) and day < date_add(curdate(), interval - day(curdate()) + 1 day);
insert into dr_call_time(c_datetime,type) values(now(),1);
else
insert into biao_month select * from zong_biao where day >= v_yesterday and day < curdate();
insert into dr_call_time(c_datetime) values(now());
end if;
end
character_set_client: utf8
collation_connection: utf8_general_ci
Database Collation: utf8_general_ci
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
到此處MySQL之按月拆分主表並按月分表寫入數據已經演示完畢了,歡迎夥伴們留言一起交流學習。
MySQL之按月拆分主表並按月分表寫入數據提高數據查詢速度