apache + php-fpm + mariadb 分離部署
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-02
lamp分離部署
前面我已經寫過lamp的本機部署,但是現在生活中幾個服務是不可能部署在一臺伺服器上的,所以,我接下來介紹lamp 的分離部署,下面的計劃圖
如上圖,準備了三臺伺服器(藍色字樣),分別執行mariadb,php-fpm,httpd,每臺機子處在不同的網段,他們有不同的網路橋(紅色字樣)分開,這樣保證他們是互不相通的,每個網橋之間通過堡壘機相連,實現不同的的網段的通訊,br0網橋可以上網,最後由PC機訪問httpd伺服器的80埠,展現在php-fpm裡的php程式,php程式讀取mariadb伺服器的資料.
實驗準備
如上圖,準備三臺虛擬機器,在VMware裡執行的主機做堡壘機,在這個堡壘機裡使用kvm虛擬出三個虛擬主機,首先做出一個模板機,然後複製出三臺虛擬主機來,
- 安裝所需包
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libvirt-daemon-kvm qemu-kvm virt-manager libvirt [[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart libvirtd - 製作虛擬磁碟檔案,可以通過基礎映象模板快速拷貝安裝
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -pv /virtualmachines/centos7_base #建立qcow2映象檔案,大小為80G,預先配置為元資料(metadata),相容1.1,指定映象檔案位置 [[email protected] ~]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o size=80G,preallocation=metadata,compat=1.1 /virtualmachines/centos7_base/centos7.img - 準備映象,做模板機
#提前準備好centos7 映象檔案,這一步去VMware上去做,要求堡壘機安裝圖形化介面 [[email protected] qemu]# virt-manager #正常安裝centos7系統,把系統安裝在 /virtualmachines/centos7_base/centos7.img中即可 #做完以後在virt-manger中,點選執行centos7模板機,進去安裝一些必要軟體包,如nmcli,vim.base等 - 根據模板機做出三個虛擬主機
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -pv /virtualmachines/{httpd,php,mysql} [[email protected] ~]# cp /virtualmachines/centos7_base/centos7.img /virtualmachines/httpd/httpd.img [[email protected] ~]# cp /virtualmachines/centos7_base/centos7.img /virtualmachines/php/php.img [[email protected] ~]# cp /virtualmachines/centos7_base/centos7.img /virtualmachines/mysql/mysql.img [[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/libvirt/qemu/ #開始做虛擬主機,修改centos7.img映象檔案即可 [[email protected] qemu]# cp centos7.5.xml httpd.xml [[email protected] qemu]# vim httpd.xml #修改如下四列選項 <name>httpd</name>#虛擬主機名稱 <uuid>a8dbf8ae-d691-4f00-835b-3c29ce8972a0</uuid> #虛擬主機uuid,可以用uuidgen生成 <source file='/virtualmachines/httpd/httpd.img'/> #映象檔案位置 <mac address='52:54:00:cc:f6:d1'/> #mac地址 [[email protected](nanyibo) qemu]# virsh define httpd.xml #定義httpd.img映象配置檔案 [[email protected](nanyibo) qemu]# virsh autostart httpd #使其開機自動開啟 [[email protected](nanyibo) qemu]# virsh start httpd #執行映象 #剩下的兩個虛擬主機如法炮製 [[email protected] networks]# virsh list #檢視虛擬主機的狀況 Id Name State ---------------------------------------------------- 12 mysql running 14 php running 16 httpd running - 建立http-fpm網橋
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/ [[email protected] networks]# cp default.xml httpfpm.xml [[email protected] networks]# vim httpfpm.xml <network> <name>httpfpm</name> #修改網橋名 <uuid>06a6d52e-6c03-4b29-bdf7-2cfe6d5e937a</uuid> #修改uuid <bridge name='httpfpm' stp='on' delay='0'/> <mac address='52:54:00:c6:21:33'/> <ip address='10.0.0.1' netmask='255.255.255.0'> #這裡使用一個網橋,設定閘道器和子網掩碼 <dhcp> <range start='10.0.0.2' end='10.0.0.254'/> #分配的IP地址範圍 </dhcp> </ip> </network> [[email protected] ~]# virsh net-define /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/httpfpm.xml [[email protected] ~]# virsh net-start httpfpm #開啟網橋 [[email protected] ~]# virsh net-autostart httpfpm #自啟動mysql -php網橋如法配置
- 建立物理網橋,把物理網絡卡ens33和虛擬橋br0聯絡一起,讓br0橋擁有ens33的IP,達成可以和我的物理機相通的目的
[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection add type bridge con-name br0 ifname br0 #新增網橋方案br0 [[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection modify br0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 172.18.254.39/16 ipv4.gateway 172.18.0.1 ipv4.dns 172.18.0.1#給橋設定IP(這個IP是堡壘機的ens33網絡卡的IP),閘道器,dns [[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection up br0 #方案生效 [[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection add type bridge-slave ifname ens33 master br0 #設定主從方案 [[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection up bridge-slave-ens33 [[email protected] networks]# nmcli connection show #檢視網橋是否生效 NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE br0 4f24bc16-320a-4fa9-9ead-fa6ff089ff2e bridge br0 bridge-slave-ens33 7a91f27a-f961-4ba4-a598-a87cc0063e6d ethernet ens33 ens38 be9e2b6b-674b-771d-7251-f3b49b3d23e0 ethernet ens38 httpdfpm bd0ca03f-071c-4422-8f1f-2231156defd0 bridge httpdfpm phpmysql 7666e396-9fc3-4a7a-8713-9566ac74147b bridge phpmysql virbr0 7fd973b4-bf9a-453a-ad52-1e3477ff8b5b bridge virbr0 vnet0 5f89eb2d-6029-4d35-945d-4ac47b4be79c tun vnet0 [[email protected] networks]# ifconfig br0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 172.18.252.106 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.18.255.255 ... TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 ether 00:0c:29:9f:42:af txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) ... - 在httpd伺服器配置
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install httpd [[email protected] conf.d]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf #修改優先順序 <IfModule dir_module> DirectoryIndex index.php index.html </IfModule> [[email protected] conf.d]# vim pma.conf #建立一個虛擬主機 <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /vhosts/pam/htdocs #ProxyRequests Off ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://10.10.0.11:9000/vhosts/pam/htdocs/$1 <Directory /vhosts/pam/htdocs> Options None AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> </VirtualHost> [[email protected] conf.d]# httpd -t [[email protected] conf.d]# mkdir -pv /vhosts/pam/htdocs [[email protected] conf.d]# systemctl restart httpd - 配置 php伺服器
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install php-fpm php-mysql php-mbstring [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf #修改兩處即可 listen = 0.0.0.0:9000 #是所有網絡卡監聽9000埠 ;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 #預設所以可以連線 [[email protected] ~]# ss -tnl |grep 9000. LISTEN 0 128 *:9000 *:* [[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart php-fpm [[email protected] ~]# mkdir -pv /vhosts/pam [[email protected] ~]# cd /vhosts/pam [[email protected] pam]# tar xvf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz [[email protected] pam]# ln -sv wordpress htdocs - 配置mariadb伺服器
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf skip_name_resolve #增加一條 ,關閉域名解析 [[email protected] ~]# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> create database wpdb; MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on wpdb.* to 'wpuser'@'%' identified by 'wppass' with grant option;#建立連線使用者 - 現在可以訪問htppd伺服器了
在物理機瀏覽器輸入172.18.252.10就可以訪問你的wordpress了,接著填入你的資訊,完成安裝即可
至此,lamp分離部署實現.