圖片處理(一)
圖片的處理大概分 截圖(capture), 縮放(scale), 設定大小(resize), 儲存(save)
1.等比率縮放
- (UIImage *)scaleImage:(UIImage *)image toScale:(float)scaleSize
{
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(CGSizeMake(image.size.width * scaleSize, image.size.height * scaleSize);
[image drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, image.size.width * scaleSize, image.size.height * scaleSize)];
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
return scaledImage;
}
2.自定長寬
- (UIImage *)reSizeImage:(UIImage *)image toSize:(CGSize)reSize
{
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(CGSizeMake(reSize.width, reSize.height));
[image drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, reSize.width, reSize.height)];
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
return reSizeImage;
}
3.處理某個特定View
只要是繼承UIView的object 都可以處理
必須先import QuzrtzCore.framework
-(UIImage*)captureView:(UIView *)theView
{
CGRect rect = theView.frame;
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(rect.size);
[theView.layer renderInContext:context];
UIImage *img = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
return img;
}
4.儲存圖片
儲存圖片這裡分成儲存到app的檔案裡和儲存到手機的圖片庫裡
1) 儲存到app的檔案裡
NSString *path = [[NSHomeDirectory()stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents"]stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"image.png"];
[UIImagePNGRepresentation(image) writeToFile:pathatomically:YES];
把要處理的圖片, 以image.png名稱存到app home下的Documents目錄裡
2)儲存到手機的圖片庫裡(必須在真機使用,模擬器無法使用)
CGImageRef screen = UIGetScreenImage();
UIImage* image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:screen];
CGImageRelease(screen);
UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(image, self, nil, nil);
UIGetScreenImage(); // 原來是private(私有)api, 用來擷取整個畫面,不過SDK 4.0後apple就開放了
//====================================================================================
以下程式碼用到了Quartz Framework 和 Core Graphics Framework. 在workspace的framework目錄裡新增這兩個framework.在UIKit裡,影象類UIImage和CGImageRef的畫圖操作都是通過Graphics Context來完成。Graphics Context封裝了變換的引數,使得在不同的座標系裡操作影象非常方便。缺點就是,獲取影象的資料不是那麼方便。下面會給出獲取資料區的程式碼。
1. 從UIView中獲取影象相當於視窗截圖。
(ios提供全域性的全屏截圖函式UIGetScreenView(). 如果需要特定區域的影象,可以crop一下)
- CGImageRef screen = UIGetScreenImage();
- UIImage* image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:screen];
2. 對於特定UIView的截圖。
(可以把當前View的layer,輸出到一個ImageContext中,然後利用這個ImageContext得到UIImage)
- -(UIImage*)captureView: (UIView *)theView
- {
- CGRect rect = theView.frame;
- UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(rect.size);
- CGContextRef context =UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
- [theView.layer renderInContext:context];
- UIImage *img = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
- UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
- return img;
- }
3. 如果需要裁剪指定區域。
(可以path & clip,以下例子是建一個200x200的影象上下文,再截取出左上角)
- UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(CGMakeSize(200,200));
- CGContextRefcontext=UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
- UIGraphicsPushContext(context);
- // ...把圖寫到context中,省略[indent]CGContextBeginPath();
- CGContextAddRect(CGMakeRect(0,0,100,100));
- CGContextClosePath();[/indent]CGContextDrawPath();
- CGContextFlush(); // 強制執行上面定義的操作
- UIImage* image = UIGraphicGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
- UIGraphicsPopContext();
4. 儲存影象。
(分別儲存到home目錄檔案和圖片庫檔案。)
儲存到目錄檔案是這樣
- NSString *path = [[NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents"] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"image.png"];
- [UIImagePNGRepresentation(image) writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
若要儲存到圖片庫裡面
- UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(image, nil, nil, nil);
5. 互相轉換UImage和CGImage。
(UImage封裝了CGImage, 互相轉換很容易)
- UIImage* imUI=nil;
- CGImageRef imCG=nil;
- imUI = [UIImage initWithCGImage:imCG];
- imCG = imUI.CGImage;
6. 從CGImage上獲取影象資料區。
(在apple dev上有QA, 不過好像還不支援ios)
下面給出一個在ios上反色的例子
- -(id)invertContrast:(UIImage*)img
- {
- CGImageRef inImage = img.CGImage;
- CGContextRef ctx;
- CFDataRef m_DataRef;
- m_DataRef = CGDataProviderCopyData(CGImageGetDataProvider(inImage));
- int width = CGImageGetWidth( inImage );
- int height = CGImageGetHeight( inImage );
- int bpc = CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(inImage);
- int bpp = CGImageGetBitsPerPixel(inImage);
- int bpl = CGImageGetBytesPerRow(inImage);
- UInt8 * m_PixelBuf = (UInt8 *) CFDataGetBytePtr(m_DataRef);
- int length = CFDataGetLength(m_DataRef);
- NSLog(@"len %d", length);
- NSLog(@"width=%d, height=%d", width, height);
- NSLog(@"1=%d, 2=%d, 3=%d", bpc, bpp,bpl);
- for (int index = 0; index < length; index += 4)
- {
- m_PixelBuf[index + 0] = 255 - m_PixelBuf[index + 0];// b
- m_PixelBuf[index + 1] = 255 - m_PixelBuf[index + 1];// g
- m_PixelBuf[index + 2] = 255 - m_PixelBuf[index + 2];// r
- }
- ctx = CGBitmapContextCreate(m_PixelBuf, width, height, bpb, bpl, CGImageGetColorSpace( inImage ), kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst );
- CGImageRef imageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage (ctx);
- UIImage* rawImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:imageRef];
- CGContextRelease(ctx);
- return rawImage;
- }
7. 顯示影象資料區。
(顯示影象資料區,也就是unsigned char*轉為graphics context或者UIImage或和CGImageRef)
- CGContextRef ctx = CGBitmapContextCreate(pixelBuf,width,height, bitsPerComponent,bypesPerLine, colorSpace,kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast );
- CGImageRef imageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage (ctx);
- UIImage* image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:imageRef];
- NSString* path = [[NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents"] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"ss.png"];
- [UIImagePNGRepresentation(self.image) writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
- CGContextRelease(ctx);