歸一化二階系統的階躍響應之matlab GUI+程式打包實現
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-05
歸一化系統的二階階躍響應之matlab GUI+程式打包實現
- 設計程式效果展示
1.1.list選項：選擇第一項效果展示
1.2.list選項：選擇第二項效果展示
1.3.list選項：選擇第三項效果展示
1.4.list選項：選擇第四項效果展示
- 設計思想
為了研究歸一化二階系統G(s)中阻尼比對單位階躍響應的影響，於是做了上述1中的效果介面來做視覺化分析和展示。G(s)公式如下：其中s是時間，單位秒，另一個字母為阻尼比。
在matlab命令列中輸入"guide"命令，然後再彈出的介面中選擇"新建GUI"，然後選擇Blank GUI（Default）即可。按照1中的效果圖在介面中依次拖選"軸Axes"，“靜態文字”，“可編輯文字"等即可。詳細屬性設定如下：
2.1.雙擊軸位框,在"屬性檢查器”,進行如下設定:
FontUnits和Units均設定為normalized;XLimNode和 YLimNode均設定為normalized。
2.2.靜態文字元件設定：
FontUnits和Units均設定為normalized;String設定為"歸一化二階系統的階躍響應"
2.3.面板設定：
FontUnits為points和Units為normalized；Title為"阻尼比zeta";TitlePosition為lefttop。
2.4.可編輯文字設定：
FontUnits和Units均設定為normalized。
2.5.滑動條Slider設定：
FontUnits和Units均設定為normalized;Min為0，Max為2;SliderStep中x為0.01，y為0.1；Value為0。
2.6.grid on設定：
FontUnits和Units均設定為normalized;String為Grid on；Tag為gridon;Value為0。
2.7.grid off設定：
FontUnits和Units均設定為normalized;String為Grid off；Tag為gridoff;Value為1。
2.8.ListBox設定：
FontUnits和Units均設定為normalized;Min為0，Max為2;String設定時，單擊一下會彈出介面。分別輸入不標特徵點、上升時間點(0->0.95)、最大峰值點、鎮定時間點(0.95,1.05)，各佔一行即可;Value為1.
最後畫完圖及設定好屬性後，點選繪圖中的"儲存"按鈕將檔案儲存成exm080201.fig即可，同時也會生成對應的程式碼。然後參看下面展示的程式碼來完成回撥函式程式碼填充即可。 - 程式碼實現
為了兼顧讀著學習和查閱程式碼，本文使用分割線#begin##和#end##標註出需要追加程式碼的部分方便讀著理解和學習。
3.1.exm080201.m檔案
%% exm080201.m function varargout = exm080201(varargin) % EXM080201 MATLAB code for exm080201.fig % EXM080201, by itself, creates a new EXM080201 or raises the existing % singleton*. % % H = EXM080201 returns the handle to a new EXM080201 or the handle to % the existing singleton*. % % EXM080201('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local % function named CALLBACK in EXM080201.M with the given input arguments. % % EXM080201('Property','Value',...) creates a new EXM080201 or raises the % existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are % applied to the GUI before exm080201_OpeningFcn gets called. An % unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application % stop. All inputs are passed to exm080201_OpeningFcn via varargin. % % *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one % instance to run (singleton)". % % See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES % Edit the above text to modify the response to help exm080201 % Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 02-Oct-2018 18:22:28 % Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT gui_Singleton = 1; gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ... 'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ... 'gui_OpeningFcn', @exm080201_OpeningFcn, ... 'gui_OutputFcn', @exm080201_OutputFcn, ... 'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ... 'gui_Callback', []); if nargin && ischar(varargin{1}) gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1}); end if nargout [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:}); else gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:}); end % End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT %% 下面兩個函式時介面啟動子函式和輸出子函式 % --- Executes just before exm080201 is made visible. function exm080201_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin) % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn. % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % varargin command line arguments to exm080201 (see VARARGIN) % Choose default command line output for exm080201 %% ##############begin############### zeta=0.3; %初始化阻尼比 set(handles.edit1,'String',num2str(zeta)); set(handles.slider1,'Value',zeta); set(handles.gridon,'Value',0); %單選處於"非選"狀態 set(handles.gridoff,'Value',1); %單選處於"選中"狀態 set(handles.listbox1,'Value',1); handles.t=0:0.05:15; %自定時間取樣陣列 handles.Color='Red'; %定義響應曲線的初始色彩 handles.zeta=zeta; handles.flag=0; %初始繪圖標誌 handles=surfplot(handles); handles.Color='Blue'; %定義響應曲線的非初始色彩 %% ##############end################# handles.output = hObject; % Update handles structure guidata(hObject, handles); % UIWAIT makes exm080201 wait for user response (see UIRESUME) % uiwait(handles.figure1); % --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. function varargout = exm080201_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT); % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Get default command line output from handles structure varargout{1} = handles.output; %% 單選按鈕 Grid on回撥子函式 % --- Executes on button press in gridon. function gridon_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to gridon (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of gridon %% ##############begin############### set(handles.gridoff,'Value',0) grid on %畫出網格線 %% ##############end################# %% 單選按鈕 Grid off回撥子函式 % --- Executes on button press in gridoff. function gridoff_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to gridoff (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of gridoff %% ##############begin############### set(handles.gridon,'Value',0) grid off %畫出網格線 %% ##############end################# %% 列表框回撥子函式 % --- Executes on selection change in listbox1. function listbox1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to listbox1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns listbox1 contents as cell array % contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from listbox1 %% ##############begin################# listindex=get(hObject,'Value'); %獲得列表框所有選項的序號 if any(listindex==1) %使得第一項只能單獨備選 set(handles.listbox1,'Value',1) end handles.flag=0; %列表框被觸發時,發出重畫曲面命令 handles=surfplot(handles); handles.flag=1; guidata(hObject, handles); %% ##############end################### % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function listbox1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to listbox1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end %% 可編輯文字框回撥子函式 function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double %% ##############begin############### sz=get(hObject,'String'); %從編輯文字框讀取輸入字元 zeta=str2double(sz); %將字元轉成雙精度 %handles.slider1直接看各個控制元件物件的Tag標籤即可。 set(handles.slider1,'Value',zeta) %對話滑塊的油表定位 handles.zeta=zeta; %"GUI資料"形式,儲存資料以便共享 handles=surfplot(handles); %呼叫繪製子圖函式,繪製響應曲線 guidata(hObject, handles); %% ##############end################# % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end %% 滑塊回撥子函式組 % --- Executes on slider movement. function slider1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to slider1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'Value') returns position of slider % get(hObject,'Min') and get(hObject,'Max') to determine range of slider %% ##############begin############### zeta=get(hObject,'Value'); %獲得滑塊的遊標數值 set(handles.edit1,'String',num2str(zeta)) %將滑塊遊標數值填充到文字框中 handles.zeta=zeta; %更新阻尼係數 handles=surfplot(handles); %呼叫繪製子圖函式,繪製響應曲線 guidata(hObject, handles); %% ##############end################# % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function slider1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to slider1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: slider controls usually have a light gray background. if isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',[.9 .9 .9]); end % --- Executes on key press with focus on listbox1 and none of its controls. function listbox1_KeyPressFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to listbox1 (see GCBO) % eventdata structure with the following fields (see MATLAB.UI.CONTROL.UICONTROL) % Key: name of the key that was pressed, in lower case % Character: character interpretation of the key(s) that was pressed % Modifier: name(s) of the modifier key(s) (i.e., control, shift) pressed % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
3.2.surfplot.m檔案
%% surfplot.m function handles=surfplot(handles) %handles=surfplot(handles) %供啟動子函式和個控制元件回撥子函式呼叫的繪圖函式 zeta=handles.zeta ;%僅為記述簡單 t=handles.t; listindex=get(handles.listbox1,'Value'); %讀取列表框的選項序號陣列 Nt=length(t); if handles.flag==0 %僅在介面啟動時執行 cla %清空截面上次工作後可能殘留的軸上物件 zmin=get(handles.slider1,'Min'); %讀取滑塊的min zmax=get(handles.slider1,'Max'); %讀取滑塊的max zt=zmin:0.05:zmax; %為3維座標"x軸"準備取樣點 Nz=length(zt); [ZT,T]=meshgrid(zt,t); %3位曲線的"X","Y"取樣點陣 Y=zeros(Nt,Nz); for k=1:Nz Y(:,k)=step(tf(1,[1,2*zt(k),1]),t); end surface(ZT,T,Y) %用底層繪圖命令,繪製曲線 shading flat else delete(handles.g1) %利用控制代碼,刪除上次繪製的殘留曲線 delete(handles.rline) %利用控制代碼,刪除上次繪製的響應曲線 end xz=ones(1,Nt)*zeta; y1=ones(1,Nt)*1; y=step(tf(1,[1,2*zeta,1]),t); %在指定的Zeta下,計算響應曲線 gz=[zeta,zeta,xz,zeta,zeta,xz]; %綠色封閉參考線的x座標 gt=[t(1),t(1),t,t(end),t(end),fliplr(t)] %綠色封閉參考線的y座標 gy=[0,1,y1,1,0,0*y1] %綠色封閉參考線的z座標 handles.g1=line(gz,gt,gy,'Color','g','LineWidth',1); %繪製綠色參照線,併產生控制代碼 handles.rline=line(xz,t,y,'Color',handles.Color,'LineWidth',2) %繪製紅色響應曲線,併產生控制代碼 K=length(get(handles.listbox1,'Value')); %列表框裡,被"選中"的項數 for jj=1:K switch listindex(jj) case 1 ; case 2 k95=min(find(y>0.95)); k952=[(k95-1),k95]; t95=interp1(y(k952),t(k952),0.95); %線性插值法確定0.95線的時間 line(zeta,t95,0.95,'marker','+','markeredgecolor','r','markersize',15); case 3 %畫出最大峰值點 [ym,km]=max(y); %找最大峰值 if km<Nt&&(ym-1)>0 line(zeta,t(km),ym,'marker','*','markeredgecolor','k','markersize',15); end case 4 %畫出鎮定時刻點 ii=max(find(abs(y-1)>0.05)); if ii<Nt line(zeta,t(ii+1),y(ii+1),'Color','r','Marker','o','MarkerSize',7) end end end xlabel('{\zeta}') ylabel('t') zlabel('y') alpha(0.7) view(75,44)
程式碼下載
百度網盤分享密碼：wq5e
- matlab程式打包小技巧
進入到matlab主介面,點選"應用程式",選擇"運用程式打包",選擇主檔案
“exm080201.m”,然後點選"重新整理依存關係"，填寫自己的GUI軟體說明
資訊，最後點選"打包"即可生成新的軟體程式。在當前檔案路徑下會產生兩個檔案:huawei.mlappinstall,huawei.prj。效果圖見如下:
雙擊huawei.prj即可安裝到本地matlab APPs中。
