這裡我們介紹yum安裝httpd yum install -y httpd
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[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable httpd
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service'
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/

安裝的版本介紹

備份一下配置檔案
[

[email protected] ~]# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf.bak
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需要了解的知識塊
1、瞭解Apache的基本配置
2、配置動態頁面：CGI、wsgi、ssl
3、配置一個虛擬主機
4、配置https

1、瞭解Apache的基本配置
編輯Apache的配置檔案httpd.conf 路徑在/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
預設的配置檔案路徑ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
預設監聽的埠Listen 80
模組存放路徑[[email protected] ~]# ls /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/
所屬者和所屬組
User apache
Group apache
預設安裝的時候他會建立一個不可登入系統的使用者
apache❌48:48:Apache:/usr/share/httpd:/sbin/nologin
預設的管理員郵箱是ServerAdmin

[email protected]
站點配置#ServerName www.example.com:80 預設是禁用的
站點的目錄設定
<Directory "/var/www"> ------------<Directory "/var/www/html">
AllowOverride None ------------------Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
# Allow open access: -----------------AllowOverride None
Require all granted --------------------Require all granted
----------------------------
站點設定項：
(Options 裡的indexes是開啟開啟索引，FollowSymLinks是允許連結檔案--需要修改上下文chcon -R --reference=/var/www/html /new）

(AllowOverride None 是否允許單前目錄下的一個隱藏檔案.htaccess裡的配置覆蓋當前httpd.conf
的裡設定--用於http的認證
在網頁的根目錄下建立一個
[[email protected] html]# cat /var/www/html/.htaccess
AuthType Basic
AuthName haha
AuthUserfile /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd
Require user tom

/etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd這個檔案需要用
[[email protected] html]# htpasswd -cm /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd tom ##-cm 建立用MD5
加密
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user tom
[[email protected] html]#
修改後的AllowOverride AuthConfig 接下來訪問就要提示使用者密碼
）
（Require all granted 允許所有
Require all denied 拒絕所有
Require ip 192.168.1.1 允許這地址訪問
Require ip 192.168.1.0/24 這個端地址可以訪問
Require local
Require ip 192.168.1.1 192.168.2.2 這倆個地址可以訪問

）
站點的文件目錄DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
設定檔案的許可權
<Files ".ht*">
Require all denied

錯誤日誌ErrorLog "logs/error_log"

Alias 設定別名 # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path預設是禁用的--每設定一個目錄就需要加一個
<Directory "/mnt/html">
AllowOverride None
# Allow open access:
Require all granted

2、配置動態頁面：CGI、wsgi、ssl
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" 這是CGI的指令碼路徑
[[email protected] cgi-bin]# pwd
/var/www/cgi-bin
[[email protected] cgi-bin]# cat *

#!/usr/bin/perl
print "Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\n\n";
$time=localtime();
print "$time\n"
#!/bin/bash
echo "Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8"
echo 
date +'%F %T'
hostname 

[[email protected] cgi-bin]#
瀏覽器訪問http://xxxxxxxxx/cgi-bin/aa.sh 實現的效果就是獲取本地時間

wsgi是python實現的一種動態頁面功能預設沒有按照
[[email protected] cgi-bin]# yum install -y mod_wsgi
在/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf配置檔案裡修改
253 ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
254
255
256
257 WSGIScriptAlias /wsgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
瀏覽器訪問測試http://xxxxxx/wsgi-bin/aa.wsgi 實現的效果就是顯示本地時間
[[email protected] wsgi-bin]# cat aa.wsgi

#!/usr/bin/env python
import time
def application (environ, start_response):
    a = time.ctime(time.time())
    response_body = 'This Dynamic WSGI Page Was Generated at: \n%s\n'%a
    status = '200 OK'
    response_headers = [('Content-Type', 'text/plain'),
               ('Content-Length', '1'),
               ('Content-Length',str(len(response_body)))]
    start_response(status, response_headers)
    return [response_body]

SSI 設定動態頁面是需要在配置檔案裡設定
在站點目錄這裡新增includes

 Options Indexes FollowSymLinks Includes   ##include包含

ssi設定的頁面預設是*.shtml
Vim /var/www/html/index.shtml

helloworld

       當前的使用者是: <!--#exec cmd="whoami" -->
       當前的時間是：<!--#echo var="DATE_LOCAL" -->
       訪問者的ip是：<!--#echo var="REMOTE_ADDR"-->
    

~
測試連線http://xxxxx/index.shtml
##呼叫剛才的cgi指令碼

注意點：
站點根目錄下的預設是訪問index.html怎麼把它設定成index.shtml呢？
就需要用到地址重寫功能
在http的配置檔案裡追加
362 RewriteEngine on
363 RewriteRule ^/?$ /index.shtml [R]
他會使你的瀏覽器預設重定向站點的shtml裡

3、虛擬主機的配置
預設http的配置檔案在這裡

# Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf

這裡我們寫一個基於一個IP解析倆個不同站點的案例（基於主機名的虛擬主機）

這裡複製一個模板檔案

[[email protected] ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4.6/httpd-vhosts.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhosts.conf
[root[email protected] conf.d]# echo zzz > /var/www/html/index.html;echo cc /cc/index.html
[[email protected] conf.d]# systemctl restart httpd
[[email protected] conf.d]# cat vhosts.conf 
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot /cc
    ServerName www.cc.com
    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/www.cc.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-www.cc.com.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<Directory "/cc">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html
    ServerName www.zzz.com
    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/www.zzz.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-www.zzz.com.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<Directory "/var/www/html">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>
cho
[[email protected] conf.d]# chcon -R --reference=/var/www/html /cc  #更改上下文

（如果是基於ip的虛擬主機只需修改你的dns解析即可）

基於埠的虛擬主機

[[email protected] conf.d]# cat vhosts.conf 
<VirtualHost *:801>
    DocumentRoot /cc
    ServerName www.cc.com
    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/www.cc.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-www.cc.com.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<Directory "/cc">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>

<VirtualHost *:802>
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html
    ServerName www.zzz.com
    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/www.zzz.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/dummy-www.zzz.com.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<Directory "/var/www/html">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>
[[email protected] conf.d]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80
Listen 801
Listen 802

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