Linux上MySQL搭建
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-08
安裝包
官網下載，或者這裡
Linux OS版本
CentOS-6.8-x86_64，下載地址
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虛擬機器IP：192.168.160.130
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1：下載
下載安裝包，mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz。
並把安裝包放到Linux的/usr/local/software目錄。
PS、這個目錄純屬個人習慣。
2：解壓
cd /usr/local/software/
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz3：修改mysql資料夾名字
mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql4：檢查庫檔案是否有刪除，若有便刪除（linux系統自帶的）
[[email protected] software]# rpm -qa | grep mysql 註釋：檢查檔案
mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64
[[email protected] software]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64 註釋：刪除檔案
[[email protected] software]# rpm -qa | grep mysql 註釋：再次檢查
[[email protected] 檢查：
[[email protected] software]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
[[email protected] software]# cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql
[[email protected] software]# 建立：
[[email protected] software]# groupadd mysql
[[email protected] software]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[[email protected] software]#再次檢查
[[email protected] software]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
mysql:x:502:
[[email protected] software]# cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql
mysql:x:496:502::/home/mysql:/bin/bash
[[email protected] software]#6：在mysql下新增data目錄
[[email protected] software]# cd /usr/local/software/mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir data
[[email protected] mysql]# ll
total 56
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 25 19:43 bin
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 17987 Sep 13 2017 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 25 19:57 data
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 25 19:43 docs
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jun 25 19:42 include
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Jun 25 19:43 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Jun 25 19:43 man
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 31415 2478 Sep 13 2017 README
drwxr-xr-x. 28 root root 4096 Jun 25 19:43 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 25 19:43 support-files
[[email protected] mysql]# 7：更改mysql目錄下所有的目錄及資料夾所屬組合使用者
[[email protected] mysql]# cd /usr/local/software/
[[email protected] software]# chown -R mysql mysql/
[[email protected] software]# chgrp -R mysql mysql/
[[email protected] software]# cd mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# ls -l
total 56
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 25 19:43 bin
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 17987 Sep 13 2017 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 25 19:57 data
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 25 19:43 docs
drwxr-xr-x. 3 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 25 19:42 include
drwxr-xr-x. 5 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 25 19:43 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 25 19:43 man
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 2478 Sep 13 2017 README
drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 25 19:43 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 25 19:43 support-files
[[email protected] mysql]# 8：修改mysql.server檔案
mysql.server檔案位置：/usr/local/software/mysql/support-files
修改相關配置
# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.
basedir=/usr/local/software/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/software/mysql/dataPS、這個地方。回顧頭來想想為什麼要改名為什麼要建data資料夾，以及我安裝位置。
如果不修改，則預設的位置為/usr/local/mysql和/usr/local/mysql/data
9：安裝和初始化資料庫
[[email protected] mysql]# cd /usr/local/software/mysql/bin/
[[email protected] bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/software/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/software/mysql/data/
2018-06-26T03:20:45.288071Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-06-26T03:20:45.714481Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-06-26T03:20:45.921467Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-06-26T03:20:46.034842Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: ea6d4b60-78ef-11e8-8c12-000c295f07f7.
2018-06-26T03:20:46.036718Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-06-26T03:20:46.037855Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: sfPqTk1sae,c
[[email protected] bin]#10配置my.cnf
接下來進入/usr/local/software/mysql/support-files/目錄下
檢視是否存在my-default.cnf檔案，如果存在直接copy到/etc/my.cnf檔案中
cp /usr/local/software/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf如果不存在my-default.cnf檔案,則在/etc/目錄下建立my.cnf,並寫入以下內容
[mysql]
basedir=/usr/local/software/mysql/
datadir=/usr/local/software/mysql/data/[[email protected] bin]# pwd
/usr/local/software/mysql/bin
[[email protected] bin]# ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[1] 5149
[[email protected] bin]# Logging to '/usr/local/software/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
2018-06-26T03:34:20.900325Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/software/mysql/data
[[email protected] bin]# 將{mysql}/ support-files/mysql.server 拷貝為/etc/init.d/mysql並設定執行許可權，這樣就可以使用service mysql命令啟動/停止服務， 否則就只能使用{mysql}/bin/mysqld_safe &命令來啟動服務 。
還需要把mysql.server中basedir的相關路徑，改為自定義的路徑，預設路徑是/usr/local/mysql。（第八步）
[[email protected] bin]# cd /usr/local/software/mysql/support-files/
[[email protected] support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[[email protected] support-files]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
[[email protected] support-files]# chkconfig --add mysql
[[email protected] support-files]# chkconfig --list mysql
mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[[email protected] support-files]#[[email protected] support-files]# cd /usr/local/software/mysql/bin/
[[email protected] bin]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
[[email protected] bin]# 2018-06-26T03:41:44.745534Z mysqld_safe A mysqld process already exists
[[email protected] bin]#[[email protected] bin]# pwd
/usr/local/software/mysql/bin
[[email protected] bin]# ./mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.20
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>mysql> set password=password("root");
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
注意不要使用單引號，為什麼？你自己試試就知道了16: 設定遠端登入許可權
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to'root' @'%' identified by 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[[email protected] bin]#參考資料：
https://blog.csdn.net/zhou920786312/article/details/77750604