MySQL安裝及資料備份和恢復
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-09
MySQL二進位制格式安裝
- 首先下載mysql二進位制安裝包
//下載地址
[[email protected] src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
//建立使用者和組
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd -r mysql
[[email protected] ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql
//解壓之前下載好的安裝包
[ - 資料庫的基本操作及備份和恢復
//建立資料庫和表，並向表中新增內容
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database hxd;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use hxd;
Database changed
mysql> create table student(id int not null,name varchar(20),age tinyint);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> desc student;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(4) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> create table dubai(id int not null,name varchar(50),age tinyint);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc student;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(4) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc dubai;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(4) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into student(id,name,age)values(1,'zhangsan',5),(2,'lisi',10),(3,'wangwu',15),(4,'zhaoliu',20);
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> insert into dubai(id,name,age)values(1,'tom',5),(2,'jerry',10);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_hxd |
+---------------+
| dubai |
| student |
+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
- 備份資料庫
//這裡我只演示被分到當前主機中，備份到其他主機就如法炮製即可
//備份所有資料庫
[[email protected] ~]# mysqldump -u root -p --all-databases > all-201809251900.sql
Enter password:
[[email protected] ~]# ls
all-201809251900.sql anaconda-ks.cfg
//備份hxd庫的student表和dubai表
[[email protected] ~]# mysqldump -u root -p hxd student dubai > table-201809251900.sql
Enter password:
[[email protected] ~]# ls
all-201809251900.sql anaconda-ks.cfg table-201809251900.sql
//備份hxd庫
[[email protected] ~]# mysqldump -u root -p --databases hxd > hxd-201809251900.sql
Enter password:
[[email protected] ~]# ls
all-201809251900.sql anaconda-ks.cfg hxd-201809251900.sql table-201809251900.sql
//模擬誤刪除hxd資料庫
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hxd |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database hxd;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
//恢復hxd庫
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -u root -p < all-201809251900.sql
Enter password:
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 5.7.23 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hxd |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
//模擬誤刪除整個資料庫後恢復
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hxd |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database hxd;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -u root -p < all-201809251900.sql
Enter password:
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 5.7.23 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hxd |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)