ansible_playbook語法中的循環語句歸納
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-11
分表 獲取 install tle playbook 查找 報錯 ride eth
種類一、標準循環
添加多個用戶
- name: add several users
user: name={{ item }} state=present groups=wheel
with_items:
- testuser1
- testuser2添加多個用戶，並將用戶加入不同的組內。
- name: add several users
user: name={{ item.name }} state=present groups={{ item.groups }}
with_items:
- { name: ‘testuser1‘, groups: ‘wheel‘ }
- { name: ‘testuser2‘, groups: ‘root‘ } 種類二、錨點嵌套循環
分別給用戶授予3個數據庫的所有權限
- name: give users access to multiple databases
mysql_user: name={{ item[0] }} priv={{ item[1] }}.*:ALL append_privs=yes password=foo
with_nested:
- [ ‘alice‘, ‘bob‘ ]
- [ ‘clientdb‘, ‘employeedb‘, ‘providerdb‘ ]種類三、錨點遍歷字典
輸出用戶的姓名和電話
tasks:
- name: Print phone records
debug: msg="User {{ item.key }} is {{ item.value.name }} ({{ item.value.telephone }})"
with_dict: {‘alice‘:{‘name‘:‘Alice Appleworth‘, ‘telephone‘:‘123-456-789‘},‘bob‘:{‘name‘:‘Bob Bananarama‘, ‘telephone‘:‘987-654-3210‘} } 種類四、錨點並行遍歷列表
tasks:
- debug: "msg={{ item.0 }} and {{ item.1 }}"
with_together:
- [ ‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘, ‘d‘,‘e‘ ]
- [ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]如果列表數目不匹配，用None補全
種類五、錨點遍歷列表和索引
- name: indexed loop demo
debug: "msg=‘at array position {{ item.0 }} there is a value {{ item.1 }}‘"
with_indexed_items: [1,2,3,4] item.0 為索引，item.1為值
種類六、錨點遍歷文件列表的內容
---
- hosts: all
tasks:
- debug: "msg={{ item }}"
with_file:
- first_example_file
- second_example_file種類七、錨點遍歷目錄文件
with_fileglob匹配單個目錄中的所有文件，非遞歸匹配模式。
---
- hosts: all
tasks:
- file: dest=/etc/fooapp state=directory
- copy: src={{ item }} dest=/etc/fooapp/ owner=root mode=600
with_fileglob:
- /playbooks/files/fooapp/*當在role中使用with_fileglob的相對路徑時，Ansible解析相對於roles/<rolename>/files目錄的路徑。
種類八、錨點遍歷ini文件
lookup.ini
[section1]
value1=section1/value1
value2=section1/value2
[section2]
value1=section2/value1
value2=section2/value2
- debug: msg="{{ item }}"
with_ini: value[1-2] section=section1 file=lookup.ini re=true獲取section1 裏的value1和value2的值
種類九、錨點重試循環 until
- action: shell /usr/bin/foo
register: result
until: result.stdout.find("all systems go") != -1
retries: 5
delay: 10"重試次數retries" 的默認值為3，"delay"為5。
錨點查找第一個匹配文件
tasks:
- debug: "msg={{ item }}"
with_first_found:
- "/tmp/a"
- "/tmp/b"
- "/tmp/default.conf"依次尋找列表中的文件，找到就返回。如果列表中的文件都找不到，任務會報錯。
種類十、錨點隨機選擇with_random_choice
隨機選擇列表中得一個值
- debug: msg={{ item }}
with_random_choice:
- "go through the door"
- "drink from the goblet"
- "press the red button"
- "do nothing"循環程序的結果
tasks:
- debug: "msg={{ item }}"
with_lines: ps aux
種類十一、錨點循環子元素
定義好變量
#varfile
---
users:
- name: alice
authorized:
- /tmp/alice/onekey.pub
- /tmp/alice/twokey.pub
mysql:
password: mysql-password
hosts:
- "%"
- "127.0.0.1"
- "::1"
- "localhost"
privs:
- "*.*:SELECT"
- "DB1.*:ALL"
- name: bob
authorized:
- /tmp/bob/id_rsa.pub
mysql:
password: other-mysql-password
hosts:
- "db1"
privs:
- "*.*:SELECT"
- "DB2.*:ALL"---
- hosts: web
vars_files: varfile
tasks:
- user: name={{ item.name }} state=present generate_ssh_key=yes
with_items: "{{ users }}"
- authorized_key: "user={{ item.0.name }} key=‘{{ lookup(‘file‘, item.1) }}‘"
with_subelements:
- "{{ users }}"
- authorized
- name: Setup MySQL users
mysql_user: name={{ item.0.name }} password={{ item.0.mysql.password }} host={{ item.1 }} priv={{ item.0.mysql.privs | join(‘/‘) }}
with_subelements:
- "{{ users }}"
- mysql.hosts{{ lookup(‘file‘, item.1) }} 是查看item.1文件的內容
with_subelements 遍歷哈希列表，然後遍歷列表中的給定（嵌套）的鍵。
種類十二、錨點在序列中循環with_sequence
with_sequence以遞增的數字順序生成項序列。 您可以指定開始，結束和可選步驟值。 參數應在key = value對中指定。 ‘format‘是一個printf風格字符串。
數字值可以以十進制，十六進制（0x3f8）或八進制（0600）指定。 不支持負數。
---
- hosts: all
tasks:
# 創建組
- group: name=evens state=present
- group: name=odds state=present
# 創建格式為testuser%02x 的0-32 序列的用戶
- user: name={{ item }} state=present groups=evens
with_sequence: start=0 end=32 format=testuser%02x
# 創建4-16之間得偶數命名的文件
- file: dest=/var/stuff/{{ item }} state=directory
with_sequence: start=4 end=16 stride=2
# 簡單實用序列的方法：創建4 個用戶組分表是組group1 group2 group3 group4
- group: name=group{{ item }} state=present
with_sequence: count=4種類十三、錨點隨機選擇with_random_choice
隨機選擇列表中得一個值
- debug: msg={{ item }}
with_random_choice:
- "go through the door"
- "drink from the goblet"
- "press the red button"
- "do nothing"合並列表
安裝所有列表中的軟件
- name: flattened loop demo
yum: name={{ item }} state=installed
with_flattened:
- [ ‘foo-package‘, ‘bar-package‘ ]
- [ [‘one-package‘, ‘two-package‘ ]]
- [ [‘red-package‘], [‘blue-package‘]]註冊變量使用循環
- shell: echo "{{ item }}"
with_items:
- one
- two
register: echo
- name: Fail if return code is not 0
fail:
msg: "The command ({{ item.cmd }}) did not have a 0 return code"
when: item.rc != 0
with_items: "{{ echo.results }}"循環主機清單
輸出所有主機清單裏的主機
- debug: msg={{ item }}
with_items: "{{ groups[‘all‘] }}"輸出所有執行的主機
- debug: msg={{ item }}
with_items: play_hosts輸出所有主機清單裏的主機
- debug: msg={{ item }}
with_inventory_hostnames: all
輸出主機清單中不在www中的所有主機
- debug: msg={{ item }}
with_inventory_hostnames: all:!www
改變循環的變量項
# main.yml
- include: inner.yml
with_items:
- 1
- 2
- 3
loop_control:
loop_var: outer_item
# inner.yml
- debug: msg="outer item={{ outer_item }} inner item={{ item }}"
with_items:
- a
- b
- c
作者：Jeson老師
鏈接：https://www.imooc.com/article/22753
來源：慕課網
ansible_playbook語法中的循環語句歸納