Form案例

當在網頁點選提交按鈕的時候把資料儲存到資料庫中

1.  進入資料庫
2.  建立一個庫：create database …………..
3.  進入__init__.py匯入pymsql
4.  進入settings.py配置資料庫資訊
5.  進入models.py建立類
6.  同步建立好的models類:./manage.py makemigrations  ./manage.py migrate
7.  終端show tables；可以看到建立好的類Users
8.  進入forms.py檔案建立表單
9.  進入urls.py檔案設定路由
10. 配置好路由後進入views.py
 

views.py檔案

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
from .forms import *
from .models import *

# Create your views here.


def remark_views(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        form = RemarkForm()
        return render(request, 'remark.html', locals())
    else:
        # 接收提交的資料
        # 1.將POST中的資料放在RemarkForm中
        form = RemarkForm(request.POST)
        # 2.判斷當前資料是否通過驗證(必須的)
        if form.is_valid():
            # 3.獲取提交的資料並封裝到cd中
            cd = form.cleaned_data
            # 4.獲取每個控制元件的值
            print(cd['subject'])
            print(cd['mail'])
            print(cd['message'])
            print(cd['topic'])
            return HttpResponse('Query OK')
        else:
            return HttpResponse('Error')


def register_views(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        form = RegisterForm()
        return render(request, 'register.html', locals())
    else:
        form = RegisterForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            cd = form.cleaned_data
            Users(**cd).save()
        return HttpResponse("Register Success!")


def model_form_views(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        form = UsersForm()
        return render(request, 'model_form.html', locals())
    else:
        form = UsersForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            cd = form.cleaned_data
            Users(**cd).save()
            return HttpResponse('Register OK')


def login_views(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        form = LoginForm()
        return render(request, 'login.html', locals())


def widget1_views(request):
    form = WidgetForm()
return render(request, 'widget.html', locals())
 

urls.py檔案

from django.conf.urls import url
from .views import *
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^remark/$', remark_views),
    url(r'^register/$', register_views),
    url(r'^model_form/$', model_form_views),
    url(r'^login/$', login_views),
]

urlpatterns += [
    url(r'^widget1/$', widget1_views),
]

forms.py檔案

from django import forms
from .models import *

# 作為下拉列表選項的元組
TOPIC_CHOICE = (
    #<option value='level1'>好評</option>
    ('level1', '好評'),
    ('level2', '中評'),
    ('level3', '差評'),
)


class RemarkForm(forms.Form):
    # 1.建立subject屬性,對應生成一個文字框
    # 1.1 label:控制元件前提示的文字
    # 1.2 initial : 控制元件的初始值
    subject = forms.CharField(label='標題', initial='初始資料')
    # 2.建立email屬性,對應生成一個郵件框
    # 2.1 label:控制元件前提示的文字
    mail = forms.EmailField(label='郵件')
    # 3. 建立多行文字域 - <textarea></textarea>
    # 3.1 widget:取值為forms.Textarea則變為多行文字域
    message = forms.CharField(label='內容', widget=forms.Textarea)
    # 4.下拉列表
    # 4.1 choices:指定下拉列表中的選項們,取值為一個元組
    topic = forms.ChoiceField(label='評價', choices=TOPIC_CHOICE)
    # 5.建立複選框
    save = forms.BooleanField(label='是否儲存')


class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
    uname = forms.CharField(label='使用者名稱稱')
    upwd = forms.CharField(label='使用者密碼', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
    uage = forms.CharField(label='使用者年齡', widget=forms.NumberInput)
    uemail = forms.EmailField(label='電子郵件')


# 宣告一個ModelForm類,與Users實體相關聯
class UsersForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        # 1.定義關聯的Models
        model = Users
        # 2.定義要生成控制元件的欄位
        fields = '__all__'  # ['uname','upwd']
        # 3.為生成控制元件的欄位指定標籤
        labels = {
            'uname': '使用者名稱稱',
            'upwd': '使用者密碼',
            'uage': '使用者年齡',
            'uemail': '電子郵箱'
        }


class LoginForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Users
        fields = ['uname', 'upwd']
        labels = {
            'uname': '登入名稱',
            'upwd': '登入密碼'
        }
        widgets = {
            'upwd': forms.PasswordInput(attrs={
                'class': 'form-control',
                'placeholder': '請輸入密碼',
                'id': 'upwd'
            })
        }


class WidgetForm(forms.Form):
    uname = forms.CharField(
        label='使用者名稱稱',
        widget=forms.TextInput(
            attrs={
                'class': 'form-control',
                'placeholder': '請輸入使用者名稱'
            }
        )
    )
    upwd = forms.CharField(
        label='使用者密碼',
        widget=forms.PasswordInput(
            attrs={
                'class': 'form-control',
                'placeholder': '請輸入密碼'
            }
        )
)

models.py檔案

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class Users(models.Model):
    uname = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    upwd = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    uage = models.IntegerField()
uemail = models.EmailField()

__init__檔案匯入資料庫

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

settings.py檔案

"""
Django settings for day8 project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.8.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '!=b8cn0=n1^foii(6s&33$ahszac#[email protected]!&q6q([email protected]^2-'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'index',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'day8.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'day8.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'day8',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '3306',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'