Zynq7000開發系列-7（在Zybo上執行Linaro桌面系統
Zynq7000開發系列-7（在Zybo上執行Linaro桌面系統）
目標板：Zybo（7Z010）
主機作業系統：Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS 64bit
交叉編譯鏈： arm-xilinx-linux-gnueabi- [gcc version 4.9.2 (Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2015.05-17)]
Linaro系統：linaro-precise-ubuntu-desktop-20120923-436.tar.gz
〇、準備工作
1、交叉編譯環境搭建，見之前的記錄：
2、環境變數設定
gedit /etc/bash.bashrc 在檔案底部新增： export ARCH=arm export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-xilinx-linux-gnueabi-gcc
重啟終端後生效。（後續編譯命令中即可省略對ARCH、CROSS_COMPILE的指定）
一、硬體平臺搭建
[目標檔案：硬體平臺綜合生成的位元流檔案system_warpper.bit、SDK建立的FSBL執行檔案fsbl.elf、SDK/ubuntu建立的裝置樹檔案system.dts/devicetree.dtb]
1、硬體平臺綜合生成的位元流檔案system_warpper.bit
1）安裝Vivado 2015.4，參考：Zynq7000開發系列-1（Vivado HLx 2016.4下載及安裝）
2）安裝zybo板級檔案，參考：Installing Vivado Board Files for Digilent Boards
3）建立硬體工程，如下各圖（見註釋）：
#1 建立名為my_linux_bd的硬體工程
#2 建立名為system的block design頂層檔案，新增zynq系統IP，匯入zybo板級配置檔案，並做必要修改
#3 新增必要的vivado-library（開源IP核[ axi_dynclk_v1_0、rgb2dvi ]及介面[ tmds_v1_0 ]）
（在工程資料夾內建立名為repo的資料夾，repo資料夾內建立if、ip資料夾，拷貝介面檔案tmds_v1_0到if資料夾內，拷貝IP核axi_dynclk_v1_0、rgb2dvi到ip資料夾內，並按下圖操作）
（開源vivado-library下載：https://github.com/Digilent/vivado-library）
#4 新增IP核：axi_dynclk_v1_0、rgb2dvi、gpio、vdma、vtc、stream2video等IP核，並作佈線如下圖所示
（佈線方法：先手動連線時鐘訊號線FCLK_CLK0、FCLK_CLK1，然後點選上方的綠色自動佈線選項）
其中，關鍵IP核配置如下：
##1 vdma
##2 vtc
##3 axis_subset_converter
##4 stream2video
##5 rgb2dvi
##6 gpio
##7 圖中兩個常量IP均為一位，數值為1，其一使converter不重置，其二使HDMI_OEN輸出為高電平，指示當前hdmi為輸出模式
#5 點選“validate design”，驗證沒有錯誤後，新增引腳約束檔案，修改自ZYBO_Master.xdc
## This file is a general .xdc for the ZYBO Rev B board
## To use it in a project:
## - uncomment the lines corresponding to used pins
## - rename the used signals according to the project
##Audio Codec/external EEPROM IIC bus
#IO_L13P_T2_MRCC_34
set_property PACKAGE_PIN N18 [get_ports iic_0_scl_io]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports iic_0_scl_io]
#IO_L23P_T3_34
set_property PACKAGE_PIN N17 [get_ports iic_0_sda_io]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports iic_0_sda_io]
##HDMI Signals
#IO_L13N_T2_MRCC_35
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports TMDS_clk_n]
#IO_L13P_T2_MRCC_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN H16 [get_ports TMDS_clk_p]
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports TMDS_clk_p]
#IO_L4N_T0_35
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_n[0]}]
#IO_L4P_T0_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN D19 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[0]}]
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[0]}]
#IO_L1N_T0_AD0N_35
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_n[1]}]
#IO_L1P_T0_AD0P_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN C20 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[1]}]
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[1]}]
#IO_L2N_T0_AD8N_35
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_n[2]}]
#IO_L2P_T0_AD8P_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN B19 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[2]}]
set_property IOSTANDARD TMDS_33 [get_ports {TMDS_data_p[2]}]
#IO_L5P_T0_AD9P_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN E18 [get_ports {hdmi_hpd_tri_i[0]}]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports {hdmi_hpd_tri_i[0]}]
##IO_L6N_T0_VREF_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN F17 [get_ports {HDMI_OEN[0]}]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports {HDMI_OEN[0]}]
#IO_L16P_T2_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN G17 [get_ports hdmi_ddc_scl_io]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports hdmi_ddc_scl_io]
#IO_L16N_T2_35
set_property PACKAGE_PIN G18 [get_ports hdmi_ddc_sda_io]
set_property IOSTANDARD LVCMOS33 [get_ports hdmi_ddc_sda_io]
#6 點選“generate bitstream”，等待生成位元流檔案
2、SDK建立的FSBL執行檔案fsbl.elf
略。
3、SDK/ubuntu建立的裝置樹檔案system.dts/devicetree.dtb
1）下載device_tree配置檔案，連結：https://github.com/Xilinx/device-tree-xlnx/releases（注意下載的版本與vivado版本匹配）
2）SDK新增device_tree配置檔案
Xilinx Tools -> Repositories -> New
3）SDK建立device_tree工程，生成dts檔案
File -> New -> Board Support Package
4）bootagrs引數設定
（e.g. console=ttyPS0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw earlyprintk rootfstype=ext4 rootwait devtmpfs.mount=1）
5）[重要] 根據相關硬體做出修改，如下：
#1 新增usb驅動配置
在pl.dtsi檔案中最後一個分號“ } ; ”前新增：
/*add for usb0*/
usb_phy_0: usb_phy {
compatible = "usb-nop-xceiv";
#phy-cells = <0x0>;
};
並在zynq-7000.dtsi檔案中，usb0標籤的最後一個分號“ } ; ”前新增：
usb-phy = <&usb_phy_0>;//add for usb0
#2 新增hdmi驅動配置
在pl.dtsi檔案中，amba_pl標籤內作如下修改：
amba_pl: amba_pl {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <1>;
compatible = "simple-bus";
ranges ;
axi_dynclk_0: [email protected] {
#clock-cells = <0x0>;//add
compatible = "digilent,axi-dynclk";//change
reg = <0x43c00000 0x10000>;
xlnx,s00-axi-addr-width = <0x5>;
xlnx,s00-axi-data-width = <0x20>;
clocks = <&clkc 0xf>;//add, 0xf不能刪掉
};
axi_gpio_hdmi: [email protected] {
#gpio-cells = <2>;
compatible = "xlnx,xps-gpio-1.00.a";
gpio-controller ;
interrupt-parent = <&intc>;
interrupts = <0 29 4>;
reg = <0x41200000 0x10000>;
xlnx,all-inputs = <0x1>;
xlnx,all-inputs-2 = <0x0>;
xlnx,all-outputs = <0x0>;
xlnx,all-outputs-2 = <0x0>;
xlnx,dout-default = <0x00000000>;
xlnx,dout-default-2 = <0x00000000>;
xlnx,gpio-width = <0x1>;
xlnx,gpio2-width = <0x20>;
xlnx,interrupt-present = <0x1>;
xlnx,is-dual = <0x0>;
xlnx,tri-default = <0xFFFFFFFF>;
xlnx,tri-default-2 = <0xFFFFFFFF>;
};
axi_vdma_0: [email protected] {
#dma-cells = <1>;
compatible = "xlnx,axi-vdma-1.00.a";
interrupt-parent = <&intc>;
interrupts = <0 30 4>;
reg = <0x43000000 0x10000>;
//xlnx,flush-fsync = <0x1>;//change
xlnx,num-fstores = <0x1>;
[email protected] {
compatible = "xlnx,axi-vdma-mm2s-channel";
interrupts = <0 30 4>;
clocks = <&clkc>;//add
clock-names = "axis";//add
xlnx,datawidth = <0x20>;
xlnx,device-id = <0x0>;
};
};
v_tc_0: [email protected] {
compatible = "xlnx,v-tc-5.01.a";//change
interrupt-parent = <&intc>;
interrupts = <0 31 4>;
reg = <0x43c10000 0x10000>;
xlnx,det-achroma-en = <0x0>;
xlnx,det-avideo-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,det-fieldid-en = <0x0>;
xlnx,det-hblank-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,det-hsync-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,det-vblank-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,det-vsync-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,detect-en = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart0 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart1 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart10 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart11 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart12 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart13 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart14 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart15 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart2 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart3 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart4 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart5 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart6 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart7 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart8 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-hstart9 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart0 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart1 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart10 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart11 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart12 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart13 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart14 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart15 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart2 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart3 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart4 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart5 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart6 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart7 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart8 = <0x0>;
xlnx,fsync-vstart9 = <0x0>;
xlnx,gen-achroma-en = <0x0>;
xlnx,gen-achroma-polarity = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-auto-switch = <0x0>;
xlnx,gen-avideo-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-avideo-polarity = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-cparity = <0x0>;
xlnx,gen-f0-vblank-hend = <0x500>;
xlnx,gen-f0-vblank-hstart = <0x500>;
xlnx,gen-f0-vframe-size = <0x2ee>;
xlnx,gen-f0-vsync-hend = <0x500>;
xlnx,gen-f0-vsync-hstart = <0x500>;
xlnx,gen-f0-vsync-vend = <0x2d9>;
xlnx,gen-f0-vsync-vstart = <0x2d4>;
xlnx,gen-f1-vblank-hend = <0x500>;
xlnx,gen-f1-vblank-hstart = <0x500>;
xlnx,gen-f1-vframe-size = <0x2ee>;
xlnx,gen-f1-vsync-hend = <0x500>;
xlnx,gen-f1-vsync-hstart = <0x500>;
xlnx,gen-f1-vsync-vend = <0x2d9>;
xlnx,gen-f1-vsync-vstart = <0x2d4>;
xlnx,gen-fieldid-en = <0x0>;
xlnx,gen-fieldid-polarity = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-hactive-size = <0x500>;
xlnx,gen-hblank-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-hblank-polarity = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-hframe-size = <0x672>;
xlnx,gen-hsync-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-hsync-end = <0x596>;
xlnx,gen-hsync-polarity = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-hsync-start = <0x56e>;
xlnx,gen-interlaced = <0x0>;
xlnx,gen-vactive-size = <0x2d0>;
xlnx,gen-vblank-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-vblank-polarity = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-video-format = <0x2>;
xlnx,gen-vsync-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,gen-vsync-polarity = <0x1>;
xlnx,generate-en = <0x1>;
xlnx,has-axi4-lite = <0x1>;
xlnx,has-intc-if = <0x0>;
xlnx,interlace-en = <0x0>;
xlnx,max-lines = <0x1000>;
xlnx,max-pixels = <0x1000>;
xlnx,num-fsyncs = <0x1>;
xlnx,sync-en = <0x0>;
};
/*add for vga_hdmi_encoder*/
digilent_encoder_0: digilent_encoder {
compatible = "dglnt,drm-encoder";
dglnt,edid-i2c = <&i2c1>;
};
/*add for drm*/
xilinx_drm_0: xilinx_drm {
compatible = "xlnx,drm";
xlnx,vtc = <&v_tc_0>;
xlnx,connector-type = "HDMIA";
xlnx,encoder-slave = <&digilent_encoder_0>;
clocks = <&axi_dynclk_0>;
dglnt,edid-i2c = <&i2c1>;
planes {
xlnx,pixel-format = "xrgb8888";
plane0 {
dmas = <&axi_vdma_0 0>;//0不能刪掉
dma-names = "dma";
};
};
};
};
6）修改後，工程會重新編譯，複製device_tree_dsp_0整個資料夾到ubuntu系統下，執行以下命令生成裝置樹檔案devicetree.dtb
cd device_tree_dsp_0 dtc -I dts -O dtb ./system.dts -o devicetree.dtb
（前提：安裝dtc工具，或從Linux kernel原始碼中拷貝dtc執行檔案出來）
（安裝命令：sudo apt-get install device-tree-compile）
二、軟體平臺搭建
[目標檔案：啟動載入程式u-boot.elf、Linux核心檔案uImage、檔案系統linaro]
[待續...]
官方教程連結：
ZYBOt Guide [Reference.Digilentinc]
https://reference.digilentinc.com/learn/programmable-logic/tutorials/zybo-zybot-guide/start
Zybot - Getting Started Guide and Source Code: 8 Steps
http://www.instructables.com/id/Zybot-Getting-Started-Guide/
搭建好了硬體平臺、Linaro軟體桌面系統，下一步便是開發應用程式（用到Qt與OpenCV），然後交叉編譯後移植到Linaro系統中執行。但此時又發生了一個重大問題：交叉編譯後的應用程式不能執行，涉及到Linaro系統編譯時所用的編譯器版本問題、2012年後Linaro系統載入程式的路徑及名稱問題，以至於需要重灌交叉編譯鏈、重新交叉編譯Qt與OpenCV等，下一篇文章再續。
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