資料樣本：

create table tx(
id int primary key,
c1 char(2),
c2 char(2),
c3 int
);
insert into tx values
(1 ,’A1’,’B1’,9),
(2 ,’A2’,’B1’,7),
(3 ,’A3’,’B1’,4),
(4 ,’A4’,’B1’,2),
(5 ,’A1’,’B2’,2),
(6 ,’A2’,’B2’,9),
(7 ,’A3’,’B2’,8),
(8 ,’A4’,’B2’,5),
(9 ,’A1’,’B3’,1),
(10 ,’A2’,’B3’,8),
(11 ,’A3’,’B3’,8),
(12 ,’A4’,’B3’,6),
(13 ,’A1’,’B4’,8),
(14 ,’A2’,’B4’,2),
(15 ,’A3’,’B4’,6),
(16 ,’A4’,’B4’,9),
(17 ,’A1’,’B4’,3),
(18 ,’A2’,’B4’,5),
(19 ,’A3’,’B4’,2),
(20 ,’A4’,’B4’,5);

mysql> select * from tx;
+—-+——+——+——+
| id | c1 | c2 | c3 |
+—-+——+——+——+
| 1 | A1 | B1 | 9 |
| 2 | A2 | B1 | 7 |
| 3 | A3 | B1 | 4 |
| 4 | A4 | B1 | 2 |
| 5 | A1 | B2 | 2 |
| 6 | A2 | B2 | 9 |
| 7 | A3 | B2 | 8 |
| 8 | A4 | B2 | 5 |
| 9 | A1 | B3 | 1 |
| 10 | A2 | B3 | 8 |
| 11 | A3 | B3 | 8 |
| 12 | A4 | B3 | 6 |
| 13 | A1 | B4 | 8 |
| 14 | A2 | B4 | 2 |
| 15 | A3 | B4 | 6 |
| 16 | A4 | B4 | 9 |
| 17 | A1 | B4 | 3 |
| 18 | A2 | B4 | 5 |
| 19 | A3 | B4 | 2 |
| 20 | A4 | B4 | 5 |
+—-+——+——+——+
20 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
期望結果
+——+—–+—–+—–+—–+——+
|C1 |B1 |B2 |B3 |B4 |Total |
+——+—–+—–+—–+—–+——+
|A1 |9 |2 |1 |11 |23 |
|A2 |7 |9 |8 |7 |31 |
|A3 |4 |8 |8 |8 |28 |
|A4 |2 |5 |6 |14 |27 |
|Total |22 |24 |23 |40 |109 |
+——+—–+—–+—–+—–+——+

使用case when 語句：
語法：case when 條件 then 符合條件後顯示的值 else 不符合條件後顯示的值 end
eg: case when month = 1 then money else 0 end
如果month=1則該列為money列，否則為0，針對sum（）加條件實行。

SELECT c1 ,SUM(CASE WHEN c2 = ‘B1’ THEN c3 ELSE 0 END) AS B1,
SUM(CASE WHEN c2 = ‘B2’ THEN c3 ELSE 0 END) AS B2,
SUM(CASE WHEN c2 = ‘B3’ THEN c3 ELSE 0 END) AS B3
FROM tx GROUP BY c1 WITH rollup

然後再使用子查詢生成total列
SELECT c1 ,B1 ,B2,B3,(B1+B2+B3) AS TOTAL FROM (
SELECT c1 ,SUM(CASE WHEN c2 = ‘B1’ THEN c3 ELSE 0 END) AS B1,
SUM(CASE WHEN c2 = ‘B2’ THEN c3 ELSE 0 END) AS B2,
SUM(CASE WHEN c2 = ‘B3’ THEN c3 ELSE 0 END) AS B3
FROM tx GROUP BY c1 WITH ROLLUP
) AS TEMP

這種方法ORACLE和mysql都適用。
結果：
+——+——+——+——+——-+
| c1 | B1 | B2 | B3 | TOTAL |
+——+——+——+——+——-+
| A1 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 12 |
| A2 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 24 |
| A3 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 20 |
| A4 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 13 |
| NULL | 22 | 24 | 23 | 69 |
+——+——+——+——+——-+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

以下是我很久之前在網上找了些資料整理到本地的，沒有之前的連結。如果原博主看到，可以聯絡我，加上引用連結。

1. 利用SUM(IF()) 生成列 + WITH ROLLUP 生成彙總行,並利用 IFNULL將彙總行標題顯示為 Total

mysql> SELECT
-> IFNULL(c1,’total’) AS total,
-> SUM(IF(c2=’B1’,c3,0)) AS B1,
-> SUM(IF(c2=’B2’,c3,0)) AS B2,
-> SUM(IF(c2=’B3’,c3,0)) AS B3,
-> SUM(IF(c2=’B4’,c3,0)) AS B4,
-> SUM(IF(c2=’total’,c3,0)) AS total
-> FROM (
-> SELECT c1,IFNULL(c2,’total’) AS c2,SUM(c3) AS c3
-> FROM tx
-> GROUP BY c1,c2
-> WITH ROLLUP
-> HAVING c1 IS NOT NULL
-> ) AS A
-> GROUP BY c1
-> WITH ROLLUP;
+——-+——+——+——+——+——-+
| total | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | total |
+——-+——+——+——+——+——-+
| A1 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 23 |
| A2 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 31 |
| A3 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 28 |
| A4 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 14 | 27 |
| total | 22 | 24 | 23 | 40 | 109 |
+——-+——+——+——+——+——-+
5 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

2. 利用SUM(IF()) 生成列 + UNION 生成彙總行,並利用 IFNULL將彙總行標題顯示為 Total

mysql> select c1,
-> sum(if(c2=’B1’,C3,0)) AS B1,
-> sum(if(c2=’B2’,C3,0)) AS B2,
-> sum(if(c2=’B3’,C3,0)) AS B3,
-> sum(if(c2=’B4’,C3,0)) AS B4,SUM(C3) AS TOTAL
-> from tx
-> group by C1
-> UNION
-> SELECT ‘TOTAL’,sum(if(c2=’B1’,C3,0)) AS B1,
-> sum(if(c2=’B2’,C3,0)) AS B2,
-> sum(if(c2=’B3’,C3,0)) AS B3,
-> sum(if(c2=’B4’,C3,0)) AS B4,SUM(C3) FROM TX
-> ;
+——-+——+——+——+——+——-+
| c1 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | TOTAL |
+——-+——+——+——+——+——-+
| A1 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 23 |
| A2 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 31 |
| A3 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 28 |
| A4 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 14 | 27 |
| TOTAL | 22 | 24 | 23 | 40 | 109 |
+——-+——+——+——+——+——-+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

3. 利用SUM(IF()) 生成列,直接生成結果不再利用子查詢

mysql> select ifnull(c1,’total’),
-> sum(if(c2=’B1’,C3,0)) AS B1,
-> sum(if(c2=’B2’,C3,0)) AS B2,
-> sum(if(c2=’B3’,C3,0)) AS B3,
-> sum(if(c2=’B4’,C3,0)) AS B4,SUM(C3) AS TOTAL
-> from tx
-> group by C1 with rollup ;
+——————–+——+——+——+——+——-+
| ifnull(c1,’total’) | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | TOTAL |
+——————–+——+——+——+——+——-+
| A1 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 23 |
| A2 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 31 |
| A3 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 28 |
| A4 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 14 | 27 |
| total | 22 | 24 | 23 | 40 | 109 |
+——————–+——+——+——+——+——-+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>

4. 動態，適用於列不確定情況，

mysql> SET @EE=”;
mysql> SELECT @EE:=CONCAT(@EE,’SUM(IF(C2=\”,C2,’\”,’,C3,0)) AS ‘,C2,’,’) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT C2 FROM TX) A;

mysql> SET @QQ=CONCAT(‘SELECT ifnull(c1,\’total\’),’,LEFT(@EE,LENGTH(@EE)-1),’ ,SUM(C3) AS TOTAL FROM TX GROUP BY C1 WITH ROLLUP’);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> PREPARE stmt2 FROM @QQ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Statement prepared
mysql> EXECUTE stmt2;
+——————–+——+——+——+——+——-+
| ifnull(c1,’total’) | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | TOTAL |
+——————–+——+——+——+——+——-+
| A1 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 23 |
| A2 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 31 |
| A3 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 28 |
| A4 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 14 | 27 |
| total | 22 | 24 | 23 | 40 | 109 |
+——————–+——+——+——+——+——-+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
以上均由網友 liangCK , wwwwb , WWWWA , dap570 提供, 再次感謝他們的支援。
其實資料庫中也可以用 CASE WHEN / DECODE 代替 IF