List集合序列排序的兩種方法
首先講一下Comparable介面和Comparator介面,以及他們之間的差異。有助於Collections.sort()方法的使用。請參考
1.Comparable自然規則排序
//在自定義類Student裡面實現Comparable介面,並重寫抽象方法compareTo(Student o);
//Collections.sort(集合);
先看一個簡單的例子:
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Integer> nums = new ArrayList<Integer>();
nums.add(3);
nums.add(5);
nums.add(1);
nums.add(0);
System.out.println(nums);
Collections.sort(nums);
System.out.println(nums);
}
輸出結果:
[3, 5, 1, 0]
[0, 1, 3, 5]
稍微複雜的List裡面放一個複雜的物件
package core.java.collection.collections;
public class User implements Comparable<User>{
private int score;
private int age;
public User(int score, int age){
super();
this.score = score;
this.age = age;
}
public int getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(int score) {
this.score = score;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(User o) {
int i = this.getAge() - o.getAge();//先按照年齡排序
if(i == 0){
return this.score - o.getScore();//如果年齡相等了再用分數進行排序
}
return i;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
users.add(new User(78, 26));
users.add(new User(67, 23));
users.add(new User(34, 56));
users.add(new User(55, 23));
Collections.sort(users);
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user.getScore() + "," + user.getAge());
}
}
輸出結果:
55,23
67,23
78,26
34,56
我們會發現sort(List<T>)方法中List中的T必須實現Comparable<T>介面,然後實現compareTo()方法,該方法的返回值0代表相等,1表示大於,-1表示小於;為什麼在簡單例子中沒有看到實現Comparable介面呢?是因為Integer類其實自己已經實現了Comparable介面,Java已經給我們做好了。
2.Comparator專門規則排序(l臨時排序)
//新建一個實現了Comparator介面的類,並重寫抽象方法compare(Student o1, Student o2);
//Collections.sort(集合,實現了Comparator介面的類的例項化物件);
Collections提供的第二種排序方法sort(List<T> list, Comparator<? super T> c)
先看例子:
package core.java.collection.collections;
public class Students {
private int age;
private int score;
public Students(int age, int score){
super();
this.age = age;
this.score = score;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public int getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(int score) {
this.score = score;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Students> students = new ArrayList<Students>();
students.add(new Students(23, 100));
students.add(new Students(27, 98));
students.add(new Students(29, 99));
students.add(new Students(29, 98));
students.add(new Students(22, 89));
Collections.sort(students, new Comparator<Students>() {
@Override
public int compare(Students o1, Students o2) {
int i = o1.getScore() - o2.getScore();
if(i == 0){
return o1.getAge() - o2.getAge();
}
return i;
}
});
for(Students stu : students){
System.out.println("score:" + stu.getScore() + ":age" + stu.getAge());
}
}
輸出結果:
score:89:age22
score:98:age27
score:98:age29
score:99:age29
score:100:age23
從上面的例子我們可以看出Students類沒有實現Comparable<T>介面,只是在sort()方法中多傳入一個引數,只不過該引數是一個介面我們需要實現其compare方法。