【SpringBoot學習之路】11.Thymeleaf模板引擎
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-11-24
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模板引擎簡介
JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf
SpringBoot推薦的Thymeleaf：語法更簡單，功能更強大
引入thymeleaf
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency>
Thymeleaf使用
@ConfigurationProperties( prefix = "spring.thymeleaf" ) public class ThymeleafProperties { private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING; public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/"; public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html"; private boolean checkTemplate = true; private boolean checkTemplateLocation = true; private String prefix = "classpath:/templates/"; private String suffix = ".html"; private String mode = "HTML";
只要我們把HTML頁面放在classpath:/templates/，thymeleaf就能自動渲染；
使用
匯入thymeleaf的名稱空間
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
使用thymeleaf語法
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>成功</h1> <!--th:text 將div裡面的文字內容設定為--> <div th:text="${hello}">這是顯示歡迎資訊</div> </body> </html>
語法規則
- th:text；改變當前元素裡面的文字內容；
- th：任意html屬性；來替換原生屬性的值
表示式
Simple expressions:（表示式語法）
Variable Expressions: ${...}：獲取變數值；OGNL；
1）、獲取物件的屬性、呼叫方法
2）、使用內建的基本物件：
#ctx : the context object.
#vars: the context variables.
#locale : the context locale.
#request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
#response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
#session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
#servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
${session.foo}
3）、內建的一些工具物件：
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the
same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a
result of an iteration).
Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}：選擇表示式：和${}在功能上是一樣；
補充：配合 th:object="${session.user}：
<div th:object="${session.user}">
<p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p>
<p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p>
<p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p>
</div>
Message Expressions: #{...}：獲取國際化內容
Link URL Expressions: @{...}：定義URL；
@{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
Fragment Expressions: ~{...}：片段引用表示式
<div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>
Literals（字面量）
Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
Boolean literals: true , false
Null literal: null
Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
Text operations:（文字操作）
String concatenation: +
Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
Arithmetic operations:（數學運算）
Binary operators: + , ‐ , * , / , %
Minus sign (unary operator): ‐
Boolean operations:（布林運算）
Binary operators: and , or
Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not
Comparisons and equality:（比較運算）
Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )
Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )
Conditional operators:條件運算（三元運算子）
If‐then: (if) ? (then)
If‐then‐else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
Special tokens:
No‐Operation: _