[[email protected] ~]# # awk 引數 '模式{動作}'  檔案 [[email protected] ~]# # awk 引數 '條件(找誰)  {幹啥}' 檔案   [[email protected] ~]# awk -F ":" 'NR==2{print $2,$4}' /etc/passwd x 1 [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/passwd bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin  [

[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /server/files [[email protected] ~]# cd /server/files/ [[email protected] files]# cat >>files<<EOF > Zhang Dandan 41116397 :250:100:175 > Zhang xiaoyu 390320151:155:90:201 > Meng Feifei  80042789 :250:60:50 > wu Waiwai    70271111 :250:100:175 > wang xiaoai  3515064655 :50:95:135 > Zi  Gege     1986786350  :250:168:200 > Li Youjiu    918391635   :175:75:300 > Lao Nanhai   918391685   :250:100:175 > EOF [

[email protected] files]# ls files [[email protected] files]# cat files Zhang Dandan 41116397 :250:100:175 Zhang xiaoyu 390320151:155:90:201 Meng Feifei  80042789 :250:60:50 wu Waiwai    70271111 :250:100:175 wang xiaoai  3515064655 :50:95:135 Zi  Gege     1986786350  :250:168:200 Li Youjiu    918391635   :175:75:300 Lao Nanhai   918391685   :250:100:175 [

[email protected] files]# awk '/1/' files Zhang Dandan 41116397 :250:100:175 Zhang xiaoyu 390320151:155:90:201 wu Waiwai    70271111 :250:100:175 wang xiaoai  3515064655 :50:95:135 Zi  Gege     1986786350  :250:168:200 Li Youjiu    918391635   :175:75:300 Lao Nanhai   918391685   :250:100:175 [[email protected] files]# #顯示xiaoyu的姓氏和ID號碼 [[email protected] files]# awk '/xiaoyu/{print$1,$2, $3}' files Zhang xiaoyu 390320151:155:90:201 [[email protected] files]# awk '$2~/xiaoyu/' files (~號表示匹配xiaoyu的行) Zhang xiaoyu 390320151:155:90:201  awk '$2~/xiaoyu/{print $1,$2,$3}' files (表示第二列中包含xiaoyu的行,精確到某一列的內容) Zhang xiaoyu 390320151 [[email protected] files]# awk '$0~/xiaoyu/' files ($0 表示這一整行) Zhang xiaoyu 390320151  :155:90:201 [[email protected] files]# awk '/xiaoyu/' files Zhang xiaoyu 390320151  :155:90:201 [[email protected] files]# awk '$3 ~/^41/' files Zhang Dandan 41116397  :250:100:175 Meng Feifei  4180042789   :250:60:50 [[email protected] files]# awk '$3 ~/^41/' files (第三列以41開頭的行) Zhang Dandan 41116397  :250:100:175 Meng Feifei  4180042789   :250:60:50 # #顯示所有已41開頭的行的ID號碼的人的全名和ID號碼 [[email protected] files]# awk '$3 ~/^41/{print $1,$2,$3}' files Zhang Dandan   41116397 Meng Feifei       4180042789 ## 顯示第三例結尾是1或5行的人的全名和ID號碼 [[email protected] files]# awk '$3~/[1,5]$/' files Zhang xiaoyu 390320151  :155:90:201 wu Waiwai    70271111   :250:100:175 wang xiaoai  3515064655 :50:95:135 Li Youjiu    918391635   :175:75:300 Lao Nanhai   918391685   :250:100:175 [[email protected] files]# awk '$3~/[1,5]$/{print $1,$2}' files Zhang xiaoyu wu Waiwai wang xiaoai Li Youjiu Lao Nanhai 顯示第三例結尾是1或5行的人的全名和ID號碼 [[email protected] files]# awk '$3~/[1,5]$/{print $1,$2,$3}' files Zhang xiaoyu 390320151 wu Waiwai 70271111 wang xiaoai 3515064655 Li Youjiu 918391635 Lao Nanhai 918391685 :冒號替換成$符號 [[email protected] files]# sed 's#:#$#g' files Zhang Dandan 41116397  $250$100$175 Zhang xiaoyu 390320151  $155$90$201 Meng Feifei  4180042789   $250$60$50 wu Waiwai    70271111   $250$100$175 wang xiaoai  3515064655 $50$95$135 Zi  Gege     1986786350  $250$168$200 Li Youjiu    918391635   $175$75$300 Lao Nanhai   918391685   $250$100$17 awk '{gsub(/匹配/,"替換成什麼",$4);print}' 固定格式 [[email protected] files]# awk '{gsub(/:/,"$",$4);print}' files Zhang Dandan 41116397 $250$100$175 Zhang xiaoyu 390320151 $155$90$201 Meng Feifei 4180042789 $250$60$50 wu Waiwai 70271111 $250$100$175 wang xiaoai 3515064655 $50$95$135 Zi Gege 1986786350 $250$168$200 Li Youjiu 918391635 $175$75$300 Lao Nanhai 918391685 $250$100$175 匹配第二列的/xiaoyu/,並將:替換為$ [[email protected] files]# awk '$2~/xiaoyu/{gsub(/:/,"$");print}' files (gsub 類似於sed的功能 gsub 表示替換的意思) Zhang xiaoyu 390320151  $155$90$201 [[email protected] files]# awk '/^$/{print NR}' /etc/services 22 266 299 320 326 [[email protected] files]# awk '/^$/{i=i+1;print i}' /etc/services  (統計出現的次數)   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16   [[email protected] files]# awk '/^$/{i=i+1}END{print i}' /etc/services (統計總共有多少行,END表示在awk 執行完畢後再進行計算總共有多少行)先計算後統計 16