安裝mariadb

• 下載二進位制包並解壓

[[email protected] src]# wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb-10.2.6/bintar-linux-glibc_214-x86_64/mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# tar zxvf mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz

• 移動目錄到/usr/local/目錄下並重命名為mariadb，進入該目錄

[[email protected] src]# mv mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb
[[email protected] src]# cd /usr/local/mariadb

• 初始化資料庫

[[email protected] mariadb]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mariadb
WARNING: The host 'test-a' could not be looked up with resolveip.
This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible
with this binary MariaDB version. The MariaDB daemon, mysqld, should work
normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.
This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames
when specifying MariaDB privileges !
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mariadb' ...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

'./bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password'
'./bin/mysqladmin' -u root -h test-a password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
'./bin/mysql_secure_installation'

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.

You can start the MariaDB daemon with:
cd '.' ; ./bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/data/mariadb'

You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd './mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira

The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
https://mariadb.org/get-involved/

 

• 拷貝模板配置檔案，啟動指令碼，進行相應的修改

[[email protected] mariadb]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf my.cnf # 上一篇安裝MySQL使用的預設配置檔案，這裡正好可以試試非預設配置檔案的安裝
[[email protected] mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
[[email protected] mariadb]# vim /etc/init.d/mariadb
# 找到位置'basedir='，然後更改如下
basedir=/usr/local/mariadb
datadir=/data/mariadb
conf=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
# 再往下找到 $bindir/mysqld_safe，新增啟動配置項--defaults-file="$conf"
 $bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file="$conf" --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" "
 
[email protected]" &

• 啟動maraidb

[[email protected] mariadb]# /etc/init.d/mariadb start
Starting mariadb (via systemctl):  Warning: Unit file of mariadb.service changed on disk, 'systemctl daemon-reload' recommended.
                                                           [  OK  ]
[[email protected] mariadb]# echo $?
0
[[email protected] mariadb]# netstat -antp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1947/master
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1110/sshd
tcp        0     64 192.168.77.134:22       192.168.77.1:11679      ESTABLISHED 2354/sshd: [email protected]
tcp        0      0 192.168.77.134:22       192.168.77.1:11716      ESTABLISHED 2515/sshd: [email protected]
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1947/master
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      4388/mysqld
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1110/sshd

安裝Apache

Apache是一個基金會的名字，httpd才是要安裝的軟體包，早期它的名字就叫apache
Apache官網 www.apache.org
apr和apr-util是一個通用的函式庫，它讓httpd可以不關心底層的作業系統平臺，可以很方便地移植（從Linux移植到Windows）

• 下載相關的安裝包並解壓

[[email protected] src]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.37.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz

[[email protected] src]# tar -zxvf apr-1.6.5.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# tar zvxf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[[email protected] src]# tar zxvf httpd-2.4.37.tar.gz  

• 編譯安裝

# 安裝apr
[[email protected] src]# cd apr-1.6.5/
[[email protected] apr-1.6.5]# ./configure
[[email protected] apr-1.6.5]# make && make install

# 安裝apr-util
[[email protected] apr-1.6.5]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.1/
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[[email protected] apr-1.6.5]# make && make install
...
xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory
 #include <expat.h>
                   ^
compilation terminated.
make[1]: *** [xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/apr-util-1.6.1'
make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
# 出現錯誤，yum install expat-devel 解決
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# yum install expat-devel
[[email protected] apr-1.6.5]# make && make install

# 安裝apache
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# cd ../httpd-2.4.37/
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most
...
configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/
# 報錯，也是缺少庫，搜尋安裝解決
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# yum list | grep pcre
pcre.x86_64                              8.32-12.el7                   @anaconda
ghc-pcre-light.x86_64                    0.4-13.el7                    epel
ghc-pcre-light-devel.x86_64              0.4-13.el7                    epel
mingw32-pcre.noarch                      8.38-1.el7                    epel
mingw32-pcre-static.noarch               8.38-1.el7                    epel
mingw64-pcre.noarch                      8.38-1.el7                    epel
mingw64-pcre-static.noarch               8.38-1.el7                    epel
pcre.i686                                8.32-17.el7                   base
pcre.x86_64                              8.32-17.el7                   base
pcre-devel.i686                          8.32-17.el7                   base
pcre-devel.x86_64                        8.32-17.el7                   base
pcre-static.i686                         8.32-17.el7                   base
pcre-static.x86_64                       8.32-17.el7                   base
pcre-tools.x86_64                        8.32-17.el7                   base
pcre2.i686                               10.23-2.el7                   base
pcre2.x86_64                             10.23-2.el7                   base
pcre2-devel.i686                         10.23-2.el7                   base
pcre2-devel.x86_64                       10.23-2.el7                   base
pcre2-static.i686                        10.23-2.el7                   base
pcre2-static.x86_64                      10.23-2.el7                   base
pcre2-tools.x86_64                       10.23-2.el7                   base
pcre2-utf16.i686                         10.23-2.el7                   base
pcre2-utf16.x86_64                       10.23-2.el7                   base
pcre2-utf32.i686                         10.23-2.el7                   base
pcre2-utf32.x86_64                       10.23-2.el7                   base
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# yum install -y pcre-devel
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most
...
/usr/local/apr/build-1/libtool --silent --mode=link gcc -std=gnu99  -g -O2 -pthread         -o htpasswd  htpasswd.lo passwd_common.lo       /usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.la /usr/local/apr/lib/libapr-1.la -lrt -lcrypt -lpthread -ldl -lcrypt
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_GetErrorCode'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetEntityDeclHandler'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ParserCreate'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetCharacterDataHandler'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ParserFree'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetUserData'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_StopParser'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_Parse'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ErrorString'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetElementHandler'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [htpasswd] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.37/support'
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.37/support'
make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
# 又報錯。上網找資料“缺少了xml相關的庫，需要安裝libxml2-devel包。直接安裝並不能解決問題，因為httpd呼叫的apr-util已經安裝好了，但是apr-util並沒有libxml2-devel包支援。” (來源: https://my.oschina.net/LuCastiel/blog/1590706)  

[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.1/
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# make clean
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# yum install -y libxml2-devel
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install
[[email protected] apr-util-1.6.1]# cd ../httpd-2.4.37
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# make clean
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# make
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# make install

• 檢視apache已經載入的模組

[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -M
AH00557: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for test-a
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Loaded Modules:
 core_module (static)
 so_module (static)
 http_module (static)
 mpm_event_module (static)
 authn_file_module (shared)
 authn_core_module (shared)
 authz_host_module (shared)
 authz_groupfile_module (shared)
 authz_user_module (shared)
 authz_core_module (shared)
 access_compat_module (shared)
 auth_basic_module (shared)
 reqtimeout_module (shared)
 filter_module (shared)
 mime_module (shared)
 log_config_module (shared)
 env_module (shared)
 headers_module (shared)
 setenvif_module (shared)
 version_module (shared)
 unixd_module (shared)
 status_module (shared)
 autoindex_module (shared)
 dir_module (shared)
 alias_module (shared)

• 啟動

[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl start
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# ps -aux|grep httpd
root     48045  0.4  0.2  75792  2388 ?        Ss   12:36   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   48046  0.2  0.4 364756  4260 ?        Sl   12:36   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   48065  0.7  0.4 364756  4260 ?        Sl   12:36   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   48087  0.5  0.4 364756  4264 ?        Sl   12:36   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start
root     48136  0.0  0.0 112704   972 pts/0    S+   12:37   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.37]# netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1947/master
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1110/sshd
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1947/master
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      4627/mysqld
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      48045/httpd
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1110/sshd