定義常量 java
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-11-26
首先看示例:
/** * Method One */ interface ConstantInterface { String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY"; String MONDAY = "MONDAY"; String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY"; String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY"; String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY"; String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY"; String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY"; } /** * Method Two */ enum ConstantEnum { SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY } /** * Method Three */ class ConstantClassField { public static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY"; public static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY"; public static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY"; public static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY"; public static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY"; public static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY"; public static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY"; } /** * Method Four * http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/l-java-interface/index.html */ class ConstantClassFunction { private static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY"; private static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY"; private static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY"; private static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY"; private static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY"; private static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY"; private static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY"; public static String getSunday() { return SUNDAY; } public static String getMonday() { return MONDAY; } public static String getTuesday() { return TUESDAY; } public static String getWednesday() { return WEDNESDAY; } public static String getThursday() { return THURSDAY; } public static String getFirday() { return FRIDAY; } public static String getSaturday() { return SATURDAY; } } public class TestConstant { static final String day = "saturday"; public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Is today Saturday?"); System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantInterface.SATURDAY)); System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantEnum.SATURDAY.name())); System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantClassField.SATURDAY)); System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantClassFunction .getSaturday())); } }
方法一採用介面(Interface)的中變數預設為static final的特性。
方法二採用了Java 5.0中引入的Enum型別。
方法三採用了在普通類中使用static final修飾變數的方法。
方法四類似方法三,但是通過函式來獲取常量。
首先定義全域性變數似乎有違Java的面向物件的封裝特性,增加的耦合。所以最佳的方法是避免定義全域性變數。如果是引數等,可以寫入配置檔案。如果實在是必須的,方法二是最為推薦的。方法三是大家都能想到的,非常的直觀。方法一和方法三本質上一樣。方法四提供了靈活性。