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本文出自 容華謝後的部落格
1.介紹
相信大家對Android Support Libray都不陌生,隨著Android版本的快速迭代,Google推出了Support Libray用以相容低版本的Android裝置。但是隨著版本越來越多,支援庫的維護和使用也變得越來越複雜,於是AndroidX應運而生,接下來我們一起來學習下如何遷移到AndroidX吧!
AndroidX基於Android Support Libray 28.0.0版本進行迭代開發。
環境要求:
-
Android Studio 3.2.0及以上版本
-
compileSdkVersion 28及以上版本
2.遷移到AndroidX
在AS工具欄中點選Refactor——>Migrate to AndroidX選項,出現下面的提示框:
意思是說,在遷移之前建議先備份一下當前的專案,勾選【Backup project as Zip File】選項備份,然後點選【MIGRATE】按鈕會提示選擇一個備份路徑,選擇完成後會出現如下提示:
點選【DO REFACTOR】按鈕,繼續往下看:
出現一個警告,說沒有搜尋到要修改的程式碼,沒關係,點選搜尋之後,再次點選【DO REFACTOR】按鈕就可以了,一陣編譯過後遷移完成,此時編譯一下整個工程,可能會提示一些類找不到的問題,重新匯入一下就可以了。
注意:由於支援庫升級到了AndroidX,一些使用了支援庫的第三方庫也需要升級到最新版本,比如rxlifecycle等,目前大部分主流第三方庫都已經支援AndroidX了。
3.對比
看下和原來的專案有哪些區別:
dependencies
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
}
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被修改成了:
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.0.2'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.0-alpha2'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.1.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.0'
}
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可以看到com.android.support全部被修改成了androidx,版本號也改變了,同時專案中此依賴的引用包名也會被同時修改。
gradle.properties
增加了以下兩個配置:
-
android.useAndroidX=true
設定true為時,Android外掛會使用相應的AndroidX庫而不是支援庫,預設為false。
-
android.enableJetifier=true
設定true為時,Android外掛會自動遷移現有的第三方庫,通過重寫其二進位制檔案來使用AndroidX,預設為false。
4.支援庫遷移AndroidX速查表
Old build artifact | AndroidX build artifact |
---|---|
android.arch.core:common | androidx.arch.core:core-common:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.core:core | androidx.arch.core:core:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.core:core-testing | androidx.arch.core:core-testing:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.core:runtime | androidx.arch.core:core-runtime:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:common | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:common-java8 | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:compiler | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:extensions | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:livedata | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:livedata-core | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-core:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:reactivestreams | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:runtime | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.lifecycle:viewmodel | androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.paging:common | androidx.paging:paging-common:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.paging:runtime | androidx.paging:paging-runtime:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.paging:rxjava2 | androidx.paging:paging-rxjava2:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:common | androidx.room:room-common:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:compiler | androidx.room:room-compiler:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:guava | androidx.room:room-guava:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:migration | androidx.room:room-migration:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:runtime | androidx.room:room-runtime:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:rxjava2 | androidx.room:room-rxjava2:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence.room:testing | androidx.room:room-testing:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence:db | androidx.sqlite:sqlite:2.0.0-rc01 |
android.arch.persistence:db-framework | androidx.sqlite:sqlite-framework:2.0.0-rc01 |
com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout | androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.2 |
com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout-solver | androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout-solver:1.1.2 |
com.android.support.test.espresso.idling:idling-concurrent | androidx.test.espresso.idling:idling-concurrent:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso.idling:idling-net | androidx.test.espresso.idling:idling-net:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-accessibility | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-accessibility:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-intents | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-intents:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-remote | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-remote:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-web | androidx.test.espresso:espresso-web:3.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.janktesthelper:janktesthelper | androidx.test.jank:janktesthelper:1.0.1 |
com.android.support.test.services:test-services | androidx.test:test-services:1.1.0 |
com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator | androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.2.0 |
com.android.support.test:monitor | androidx.test:monitor:1.1.0 |
com.android.support.test:orchestrator | androidx.test:orchestrator:1.1.0 |
com.android.support.test:rules | androidx.test:rules:1.1.0 |
com.android.support.test:runner | androidx.test:runner:1.1.0 |
com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable | androidx.vectordrawable:vectordrawable-animated:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:appcompat-v7 | androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:asynclayoutinflater | androidx.asynclayoutinflater:asynclayoutinflater:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:car | androidx.car:car:1.0.0-alpha5 |
com.android.support:cardview-v7 | androidx.cardview:cardview:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:collections | androidx.collection:collection:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:coordinatorlayout | androidx.coordinatorlayout:coordinatorlayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:cursoradapter | androidx.cursoradapter:cursoradapter:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:customtabs | androidx.browser:browser:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:customview | androidx.customview:customview:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:design | com.google.android.material:material:1.0.0-rc01 |
com.android.support:documentfile | androidx.documentfile:documentfile:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:drawerlayout | androidx.drawerlayout:drawerlayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:exifinterface | androidx.exifinterface:exifinterface:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:gridlayout-v7 | androidx.gridlayout:gridlayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:heifwriter | androidx.heifwriter:heifwriter:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:interpolator | androidx.interpolator:interpolator:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:leanback-v17 | androidx.leanback:leanback:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:loader | androidx.loader:loader:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:localbroadcastmanager | androidx.localbroadcastmanager:localbroadcastmanager:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:media2 | androidx.media2:media2:1.0.0-alpha03 |
com.android.support:media2-exoplayer | androidx.media2:media2-exoplayer:1.0.0-alpha01 |
com.android.support:mediarouter-v7 | androidx.mediarouter:mediarouter:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:multidex | androidx.multidex:multidex:2.0.0 |
com.android.support:multidex-instrumentation | androidx.multidex:multidex-instrumentation:2.0.0 |
com.android.support:palette-v7 | androidx.palette:palette:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:percent | androidx.percentlayout:percentlayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:preference-leanback-v17 | androidx.leanback:leanback-preference:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:preference-v14 | androidx.legacy:legacy-preference-v14:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:preference-v7 | androidx.preference:preference:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:print | androidx.print:print:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:recommendation | androidx.recommendation:recommendation:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:recyclerview-selection | androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview-selection:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:recyclerview-v7 | androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:slices-builders | androidx.slice:slice-builders:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:slices-core | androidx.slice:slice-core:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:slices-view | androidx.slice:slice-view:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:slidingpanelayout | androidx.slidingpanelayout:slidingpanelayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-annotations | androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-compat | androidx.core:core:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-content | androidx.contentpager:contentpager:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-core-ui | androidx.legacy:legacy-support-core-ui:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-core-utils | androidx.legacy:legacy-support-core-utils:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-dynamic-animation | androidx.dynamicanimation:dynamicanimation:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-emoji | androidx.emoji:emoji:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-emoji-appcompat | androidx.emoji:emoji-appcompat:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-emoji-bundled | androidx.emoji:emoji-bundled:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-fragment | androidx.fragment:fragment:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-media-compat | androidx.media:media:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-tv-provider | androidx.tvprovider:tvprovider:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-v13 | androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v13:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-v4 | androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:support-vector-drawable | androidx.vectordrawable:vectordrawable:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:swiperefreshlayout | androidx.swiperefreshlayout:swiperefreshlayout:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:textclassifier | androidx.textclassifier:textclassifier:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:transition | androidx.transition:transition:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:versionedparcelable | androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:viewpager | androidx.viewpager:viewpager:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:wear | androidx.wear:wear:1.0.0 |
com.android.support:webkit | androidx.webkit:webkit:1.0.0 |
5.一些問題
升級到AS 3.2版本後,Android Lint增加了一些程式碼檢測項,其中最為明顯的就是AndroidManifest.xml中的警告:
App is not indexable by Google Search; consider adding at least one Activity with an ACTION-VIEW intent filter. See issue explanation for more details.
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意思是當前APP不支援Google搜尋,需要至少在一個Activity中新增intent filter,沒問題,滿足你:
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
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但是因為萬里長城的原因,添加了這個filter也沒什麼用,不新增的話滿頁的黃色波浪又看著鬧心,我們還可以這樣做:
在app的build.gradle中新增一個警告忽略:
android {
...
lintOptions {
disable 'GoogleAppIndexingWarning'
}
}
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或者在AndroidManifest.xml中的application項中新增一下忽略也可以:
tools:ignore="GoogleAppIndexingWarning"
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6.寫在最後
到這裡,AndroidX升級相關的內容就學習完了,希望對你能夠有所幫助,如果你在升級AndroidX的過程中,遇到了一些其他的問題,歡迎給我留言。