一.列表、元組操作

列表

1.通過下標訪問列表中的元素，從0開始

1 name = ["alex","lol","doat"]
2 >>> names[0]
3 "alex"
4 >>> names[2]
5 "lol"
6 >>> names[-1]
7 "dota"
8 >>> names[-2] #還可以倒著取
9 "lol"

 2.切片

1 names = ["alex","zhoujielun","eason","pig"
 
]
2 >>>names[1:2]  #取下標1到2的元素，包括1不包括2
3 ["zhoujielun","eason"]
4 >>>names[:1]  #從頭開始取，不需要寫0
5 ["alex","zhoujielun"]
6 >>>names[1:] #想取最後一個元素，-1不能寫
7 ["zhoujielun","eason","pig"]
8 >>>names[::2] #最後的2表示步長，每隔一個元素，就取一個
9 ["alex","eason"]

3.追加

1
 
 >>>names = ['Alex', 'Tenglan', 'Eric', 'Rain', 'Tom', 'Amy']
2 >>>names.append('我是新來的')
3 names =  ['Alex', 'Tenglan', 'Eric', 'Rain', 'Tom', 'Amy','我是新來的']

4.插入

1 >>>age = ['11','22','33']
2 >>>age.insert(1,'我是新來的') #在1的元素前面插入
3 
4 age = ['
 
11','我是新來的','22','33']

5. 修改

1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou","jiejei"]
2 >>>names[1] = "該換人了"
3 names = ["alex","該換人了","jiejei"]

6.刪除

1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou","jiejie"]
2 >>>del names[1]
3 names = ["alex","jiejie"]
4 
5 >>>names.pop() #刪除列表最後一個元素
6 names = ["alex"]

7.擴充套件

1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou"]
2 >>>b = ["sy"]
3 >>>names.extend(b)
4 names = ["alex","zhouzhou","sy"]

8.統計

1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou","juejie"]
2 >>>names.count("alex")
3 0

9.排序&翻轉

1 >>> names
2 ['Alex', 'Amy', 'Amy', 'Tenglan', 'Tom', '1', '2', '3']
3 >>> names.sort()
4 >>> names
5 ['1', '2', '3', 'Alex', 'Amy', 'Amy', 'Tenglan', 'Tom']
6 
7 >>> names.reverse() #反轉
8 >>> names
9 ['Tom', 'Tenglan', 'Amy', 'Amy', 'Alex', '3', '2', '1']

10.獲取下標

1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou","jiejie"]
2 >>>names.index("jiejie")
3 2

11.拷貝

1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou","jiejie"]
2 >>>names2 = names.copy()
3 names2 = ["alex","zhouzhou","jiejie"]

拷貝真的這麼簡單嗎？

 1 >>>names = ["zhangshaohan","zhoujielun"["alex","jack"],"xiaohong","wangba"]
 2 >>>names2 = names.copy()
 3 >>>print(names,names2)
 4 >>>names[2][0] = "Alex"
 5 >>>print(names)
 6 >>>print(names2)
 7 
 8 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba'] ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba']
 9 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['Alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba']
10 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['Alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba']

PS:copy()只copy第一層淺copy,copy第二層的列表等，都不會被copy(只copy了一個記憶體地址)

 1 >>>import copy
 2 >>>names = ["zhangshaohan","zhoujielun",["alex","jack"],"xiaohong","wangba"]
 3 >>>names2 = copy.deepcopy(names)
 4 >>>print(names)
 5 >>>print(names2)
 6 >>>names[1] = "周杰倫"
 7 >>>names[2][0] = "ALEX"
 8 >>>print(names)
 9 >>>print(names2)
10 
11 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba']
12 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba']
13 ['zhangshaohan', '周杰倫', ['ALEX', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba']
14 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba']

元組

元組與列表近似，只是一旦建立，就不能修改，又稱只讀列表。

所以，它只有兩個方法：

• count
• index