Django+Bootstrap+Mysql 搭個人部落格
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-01
初始化
新建專案
#pycharm手動建立django專案或如下
$ django-admin.py startproject website
#建立Django app
$ python manage.py startapp blog
更改資料庫配置(sqlite->mysql)
#/website/setting.py
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'blog', #資料庫名字
'USER' 更改資料庫配置還需初始化
#/website/__init__.py
import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
#下面的只是除錯
db = pymysql.connect("localhost", 'root', 'tony', 'blog')
cursor = 模型設計
一個model也是一個數據庫的對映
#/blog/models.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
class Category(models.Model):
name = models.CharField('分類',max_length= admin:後臺管理介面, 新增刪除網站的內容
#/blog/admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
from . import models
class EntryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ['title','author','visiting','created_time','modifyed_time']
admin.site.register(models.Category)
admin.site.register(models.Tag)
admin.site.register(models.Entry,EntryAdmin)
建立超級使用者
$ python manage.py createsuperuser
此時如果出現No such Table ‘auth_user’，說明沒有初始化（建立）預設資料庫表
建立預設庫
$ python manage.py migrate
如果已經執行過上面命令，就$ python manage.py makemigrations
url、views
#/website/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^blog/',include('blog.urls') ),
]
#/blog/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
app_name = 'blog'
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.index,name='blog_index'),
url(r'^(?P<blog_id>[0-9]+)', views.detail,name='blog_detail'),
]
#/blog/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
def index(request):
return render(request,'blog/index.html',locals())
def detail(request,blog_id):
return render(request,'blog/detail.html',locals())
基本前端
bootstrap和js都放進/static/
#/website/setting.py 新增靜態檔案路徑
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),
]
#/blog/templates/blog/detail.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>部落格詳情</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>部落格{{ blog_id }}的詳情</h1>
</body>
</html>
#/blog/base.html
{% load staticfiles %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title>
<link href="{% static 'bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="{% static 'blog/css/blog_nav.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
{% block css %}{% endblock %}
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="container-fluid">
<!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#my-nav" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">hhh</a>
</div>
<!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="my-nav">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active"><a href="/blog/">部落格</a></li>
<li ><a href="#">學習資源</a></li>
<li ><a href="#">聯絡我</a></li>
</ul>
<form class="navbar-form navbar-left">
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">搜尋</button>
</form>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<li><a href="#">登入</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</nav>
{% block content %}{% endblock %}
<footer>
<div class="footer" role="navigation">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-text">
<ul class="footer-text">
<li><a href="#">主頁</a></li>
<li><a href="#">聯絡我們</a></li>
<li><a href="#">關於博主</a></li>
<li><a href="#">文件支援</a></li>
<li><a href="/blog/">部落格首頁</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Copyright © 2018 hh </p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<script src="{% static 'jquery-3.3.1.min.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script>
{% block script %}{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>
#/static/blog/css/blog_nav.css
body {
margin-top: 30px;
font-weight: 400;
/* Required padding for .navbar-fixed-top. Change if height of navigation changes. */
padding-top: 70px;
}
/* Navbar and footer (global) styling */
.navbar-fixed-top .nav {
padding: 15px 0;
}
.navbar {
color: black;
border-width: thin;
-webkit-transition: .2s;
background-color: white;
border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
background-color: white;
}
.navbar a {
color: black;
}
.navbar-fixed-top .navbar-brand {
padding: 0 15px;
}
.navbar-header .icon-bar {
background-color: black;
}
.navbar-nav > li > .navbar-active {
color: #E46E2E;
}
.navbar-scroll {
background-color: white;
animation-duration: 2s;
animation-name: smooth;
-moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;
-webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;
box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;
}
.jupytercon-nav > li > .black-tab {
color: black;
}
.navbar-logo {
height: 45px;
}
.nav > li > a {
font-size: 20px;
padding: 12px 16px 10px;
}
.nav > li > a:hover {
background-color: transparent;
color: #E46E2E;
-webkit-transition: .2s;
}
.nav > li > a:focus {
background-color: white;
}
.nav > li > a:active {
background-color: #F8F8F8;
}
.nav > li > a:visited {
background-color: #F8F8F8;
}
.tab:hover {
background-color: transparent;
color: #E46E2E;
}
.footer {
background-color: #979797;
}
.footer p {
color: white;
padding-top: 10px;
}
.footer li {
color: white;
display: inline-block;
text-decoration: none;
}
.footer a {
color: white;
text-decoration: none;
}
.footer li::after {
content:" |";
}
.footer li:last-of-type::after {
content:"";
}
.footer-text {
font-size: 16px;
margin-left: 0;
padding-left: 0;
}
.navbar-brand {
float: left;
height: 50px;
padding: 15px 15px;
font-size: 20px;
line-height: 20px;
margin-top: 27px;
}
nav .navbar-form{
padding: 10px;
}
#/blog/index.html
{% extends 'blog/base.html' %}
{% block title %}部落格首頁{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
部落格首頁
<div style="height: 440px; " ></div>
{% endblock %}
最終目錄如下：
前端設計
#/website/setting.py
....
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'media').replace("//","/")
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
新增圖片的url
#/website/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^blog/',include('blog.urls') ),
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL,document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT ) #新增圖片的url
新增兩個方法
#/blog/models.py
class Entry(models.Model):
...
def get_absolute_url(self):
#獲取當前部落格詳情頁的url
return reverse("blog:blog_detail",kwargs={"blog_id":self.id}) #app名字，詳情頁url的別名，引數是當前部落格的id
def increase_visiting(self):
#訪問量加1
self.visiting += 1
self.save(update_fields=['visiting']) #只儲存某個欄位
#/blog/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from . import models
def index(request):
entries = models.Entry.objects.all()
return render(request,'blog/index.html',locals())
def detail(request,blog_id):
entry = models.Entry.objects.get(id=blog_id)
entry.increase_visiting()
return render(request,'blog/detail.html',locals())
#index.html
{% extends 'blog/base.html' %}
{% block title %}部落格首頁{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9">
{% for entry in entries %}
<h2><a href="{{ entry.get_absolute_url }}">{{ entry.title }}</a></h2> <br>
{% if entry.img %}
<