atoi()函數的實現
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-12-02
c庫函數 pac off 類型 href .cpp digi 結果類型 main linux c庫函數實現
/*** *long atol(char *nptr) - Convert string to long * *Purpose: * Converts ASCII string pointed to by nptr to binary. * Overflow is not detected. * *Entry: * nptr = ptr to string to convert * *Exit: * return long int value of the string * *Exceptions: * None - overflow is not detected. * *******************************************************************************/ long __cdecl atol( const char *nptr ) { int c; /* current char */ long total; /* current total */ int sign; /* if ‘-‘, then negative, otherwise positive */ /* skip whitespace */ while ( isspace((int)(unsigned char)*nptr) ) ++nptr; c = (int)(unsigned char)*nptr++; sign = c; /* save sign indication */ if (c == ‘-‘ || c == ‘+‘) c = (int)(unsigned char)*nptr++; /* skip sign */ total = 0; while (isdigit(c)) { total = 10 * total + (c - ‘0‘); /* accumulate digit */ c = (int)(unsigned char)*nptr++; /* get next char */ } if (sign == ‘-‘) return -total; else return total; /* return result, negated if necessary */ } /*** *int atoi(char *nptr) - Convert string to long * *Purpose: * Converts ASCII string pointed to by nptr to binary. * Overflow is not detected. Because of this, we can just use * atol(). * *Entry: * nptr = ptr to string to convert * *Exit: * return int value of the string * *Exceptions: * None - overflow is not detected. * *******************************************************************************/ int __cdecl atoi( const char *nptr ) { return (int)atol(nptr); }
劍指offer實現
// StringToInt.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // // 《劍指Offer——名企面試官精講典型編程題》代碼 // 著作權所有者:何海濤 #include "stdafx.h" #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> long long StrToIntCore(const char* str, bool minus); enum Status {kValid = 0, kInvalid}; int g_nStatus = kValid; int StrToInt(const char* str) { g_nStatus = kInvalid; long long num = 0; if(str != NULL && *str != ‘\0‘) { bool minus = false; if(*str == ‘+‘) str ++; else if(*str == ‘-‘) { str ++; minus = true; } if(*str != ‘\0‘) { num = StrToIntCore(str, minus); } } return (int)num; } long long StrToIntCore(const char* digit, bool minus) { long long num = 0; while(*digit != ‘\0‘) { if(*digit >= ‘0‘ && *digit <= ‘9‘) { int flag = minus ? -1 : 1; num = num * 10 + flag * (*digit - ‘0‘); if((!minus && num > 0x7FFFFFFF) || (minus && num < (signed int)0x80000000)) { num = 0; break; } digit++; } else { num = 0; break; } } if(*digit == ‘\0‘) { g_nStatus = kValid; } return num; } // ====================測試代碼==================== void Test(char* string) { int result = StrToInt(string); if(result == 0 && g_nStatus == kInvalid) printf("the input %s is invalid.\n", string); else printf("number for %s is: %d.\n", string, result); } int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { Test(NULL); Test(""); Test("123"); Test("+123"); Test("-123"); Test("1a33"); Test("+0"); Test("-0"); //有效的最大正整數, 0x7FFFFFFF Test("+2147483647"); Test("-2147483647"); Test("+2147483648"); //有效的最小負整數, 0x80000000 Test("-2147483648"); Test("+2147483649"); Test("-2147483649"); Test("+"); Test("-"); return 0; }
綜合庫函數及劍指offer,寫出如下程序
typedef enum {VALID, INVALID} ResType; //返回的結果類型 ResType g_rtRes = VALID; bool isdigit(char ch) { return ‘0‘<=ch && ch<=‘9‘; } int StrToInt(const char *str) { unsigned int iCur, iMax; int sign; const char *p; //判斷參數是否合法 if(!str || strlen(str)<=0){ g_rtRes = INVALID; return 0; } //去掉前面空格 for(p=str; ‘ ‘==*p; p++); //判斷正負號 sign = 1; iMax = ~(1<<8*sizeof(int)-1); //最大正整數 if(‘+‘==*p){ p++; }else if(‘-‘ == *p){ p++; sign = -1; iMax = ~iMax; // sign*iMax 就是最小負正數 } //首位不是數字,輸入非法 if(!isdigit(*p)){ g_rtRes = INVALID; return 0; } //首位是0,特殊處理 if(‘0‘==*p){ if(isdigit(*(p+1))){ g_rtRes = INVALID; } return 0; } //累和 for(iCur=0; isdigit(*p) && iCur<=iMax; p++){ iCur = iCur*10 + (*p - ‘0‘); } //返回結果 if(iCur <= iMax){ return (int)(sign*iCur); }else{ g_rtRes = INVALID; return 0; } }// StrToInt
參考文章:
https://www.yuque.com/docs/share/32a17c69-d909-4f86-977c-e4c8c9dd51ed
atoi()函數的實現