3D Food Printing

There's new frontier in 3D printing that's begining to come into focus: food.

3D列印的一個新的前沿領域正成為人們關注的焦點，那就是食物。

Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale.

最近的發展使能大規模列印、烹飪和提供食物的機器成為了可能。

And the industry isn't stopping there.

而且這個行業也沒有就此止步。

Food production 食物生產

With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for 

decoration on a wedding cake.

有了3D印表機，廚師可以在婚禮蛋糕上打印出複雜的巧克力雕塑和漂亮的裝飾物。

Not everybody can do that-it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy.

不是任何人都能做到這一點--這需要多年的經驗，但是一臺印表機讓一切變得簡單了。

A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to" re-create forms and pieces" of food that are

exactly the same," freeing cooks to complete other tasks.

西班牙的一家餐廳用Foodini印表機“重現了完全一樣的食物的形式和部件”，解放了廚師，

讓他們可以去完成其他任務。

In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.

在另一家餐廳，所有的和甜點都是3D列印提供的，而不是從農場搬到餐桌上的。

Sustainability 可持續性

The global population is expected to grow to 96 billion by 2050, some analysts estimate that

food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels.

預計到2050年，全球人口將增長到96億，一些分析人士估計，糧食生產量需要提高50%，

才能維持目前的水平。

Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contrubute to the solution.

可持續性迫在眉睫。3D食物列印可能有助於解決這個問題。

Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids from plentiful renewables like

algae and grass to replace the familiar ingredients.

一些專家認為，印表機可以使用大量可再生資源中的水狀膠體，如藻類和草，來替代常見的材料。

3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.

3D印表機可以減少燃料的使用及排放。

Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space

and reducing transportation and storage requirements.

未來的食品店可能會儲存能夠儲存數年之久的“食物”，從而騰出貨架空間，減少運輸和儲存需求。

Nutrition 營養

Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier.

未來3D食品印表機將會使加工食品更健康。

Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, "Food printing could allow consumer to

print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.

哥倫比亞大學的教授胡德·立普森說：“食品列印可以讓消費者打印出含有定製營養成分的食品，比如維生素。

So instead of eating a piece of yesterday's bread from the supermarket, you'd eat something 

baked just for you on demand."

所以，與其吃一塊從超市買的昨天的麵包，你還不如吃一些為你量身定做的麵包。“

Challenges 挑戰

Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome.

儘管最近3D食品列印技術取得了進展，但該行業仍然要克服許多挑戰。

Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste before a printer can use them,

and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with 

each other in very complex ways.

目前，在使用印表機之前，大多數原料必須轉換成漿糊，而且列印過程非常耗時，

因為成分之間的反應方式非常複雜。

On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because

meat and milk products may easily go bad.

最重要的是，現在大多數3D食品印表機都被限制在乾燥的原料上使用，因為肉類和奶製品很容易變質。

Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for 

fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.

一些專家對3D食品印表機持懷疑態度，他們認為3D食品印表機比家庭和高階餐廳來說，更適合 快餐店。

2018年天津卷C