JavaWeb 使用Filter實現統一全站編碼(教材學習筆記)
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-12-03
1、編寫form.jsp頁面
在web-chapter08的WebContent目錄中,編寫一個form.jsp頁面,該頁面用於提交使用者登陸的表單資訊,程式碼如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8" import="java.util.*"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> </head> <center> <h3>使用者登入</h3> </center> <body style="text-align: center;"> <a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/CharacterServlet?name=傳智播客&password=123456">單擊超連結登入</a> <form action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/CharacterServlet" method="post"> <table border="1" width="600px" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="center"> <tr> <td height="30" align="center">使用者名稱:</td> <td> <input type="text" name="name" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="30" align="center">密 碼:</td> <td> <input type="password" name="password" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="30" colspan="2" align="center"> <input type="submit" value="登入" /> <input type="reset" value="重置" /> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </body>
2、建立servlet
建立一個名為CharacterServlet類,該類用於獲取使用者輸入的請求引數,並將引數傳送到控制檯
程式碼如下:
package cn.itcast.chapter08.filter; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; public class CharacterServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println(request.getParameter("name")); System.out.println(request.getParameter("password")); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } }
3、建立過濾器
建立一個名為CharacterFilter類,該類用於攔截使用者的請求訪問,實現統一全站編碼,只是針對請求的方式不同,解決亂碼的方式也不相同,程式碼如下:
package cn.itcast.chapter08.filter; import java.io.*; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; public class CharacterFilter implements Filter { public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp; // 攔截所有的請求 解決全站中文亂碼 // 指定 request 和 response 的編碼 request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); // 只對訊息體有效 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); // 對request進行包裝 CharacterRequest characterRequest = new CharacterRequest(request); chain.doFilter(characterRequest, response); } public void destroy() { } } // 繼承 預設包裝類HttpServletRequestWrapper class CharacterRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper { private HttpServletRequest request; public CharacterRequest(HttpServletRequest request) { super(request); this.request = request; } // 子類繼承父類一定會覆寫一些方法,此處用於重寫getParamter()方法 public String getParameter(String name) { // 呼叫被包裝物件的getParameter()方法,獲得請求引數 String value = super.getParameter(name); if (value == null) return null; // 判斷請求方式 String method = super.getMethod(); if ("get".equalsIgnoreCase(method)) { try { value = new String(value.getBytes("iso-8859-1"), "utf-8"); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } // 解決亂碼後返回結果 return value; } }
4、配置對映資訊
在web.xml中配置CharacterFilter以及CharacterServlet的對映資訊
程式碼如下:
<servlet>
<description></description>
<display-name>CharacterServlet</display-name>
<servlet-name>CharacterServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>cn.itcast.chapter08.filter.CharacterServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>CharacterServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/CharacterServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>cn.itcast.chapter08.filter.CharacterFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
5、啟動tomcat,進行測試
在網址欄輸入http://localhost:8080/web-chapter08/form.jsp,結果如下:
點選登入後,控制檯輸出了使用者名稱以及密碼,將form.jsp的表單提交方式改為get之後再次點選登入,觀察就會發現控制檯輸出的使用者名稱和密碼與剛剛使用post方式提交的表單是一致的,說明過濾器Filter起作用了