新建一個lvm磁碟，這裡我建的lv為mydatalv，掛載到了/data下
[[email protected] ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
mydatalv mydata -wi-ao---- 1.00g
[[email protected] ~]# df -h
檔案系統 容量 已用 可用 已用% 掛載點
/dev/mapper/mydata-mydatalv 976M 2.6M 907M 1% /data
將原資料庫檔案複製到/data目錄下
[[email protected]

~]# cp -a /var/lib/mysql /data/
修改配置檔案，將mysql資料庫檔案放在lvm盤中，二進位制檔案放在非lvm盤的/var/lib/mysql/目錄下
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log_bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin
datadir=/data/mysql
[[email protected] ~]# service mariadb restart
[[email protected] ~]# ls /data/mysql
aria_log.00000001 ibdata1 ib_logfile1 mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000003 performance_schema
aria_log_control ib_logfile0 mysql mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.index test
可以看到重啟後資料庫檔案已存放在了/data/mysql目錄中了
對mysql進行鎖表備份
[

[email protected] ~]# mysql -e 'flush tables with read lock;' 鎖表
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -e 'flush logs;' 對日誌進行滾動，
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -e 'show master status;' > /root/back.$(date +%F+%T)
[[email protected] ~]# ls
back.2016-07-13+10:14:29
對lv建立快照
[[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -L 1G -n mysqlback -p r -s /dev/mydata/mydatalv
釋放鎖
[

[email protected] ~]# mysql -e 'unlock tables;'
在別的磁碟上建立備份目錄，只讀掛載快照後備份至備份目錄
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /myback
[[email protected] ~]# mount -r /dev/mydata/mysqlback /mnt
[[email protected] ~]# cp -a /mnt/mysql /myback
修改表內容，然後刪除掉資料庫檔案內容即/data/mysql中的內容
[[email protected] ~]# mysql
MariaDB [hellodb]> use hellodb;
MariaDB [hellodb]> insert into classes (class,numofstu) values ('xxoo',39);
[[email protected] ~]# rm -rf /data/*
修改配置檔案中二進位制日誌和資料庫檔案的位置
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log_bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin
datadir=/data/mysql 利用/myback/中的內容還原

[[email protected] ~]# cp -a /myback/ /data/
[[email protected] ~]# service mariadb restart
利用二進位制日誌還原快照後的操作，由下面這個檔案來檢視快照執行時二進位制日誌的位置
[[email protected] ~]# cat back.2016-07-13+10\:14\:29
File Position Binlog_Do_DB Binlog_Ignore_DB
mysql-bin.000014 245
將000014中245之後的操作做成sql檔案，進行還原
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=245 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000014 > binlog.sql
[[email protected] ~]# mysql < /root/binlog.sql
檢視恢復情況
[[email protected] ~]# mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb;
MariaDB [hellodb]> select from classes;
+---------+----------------+----------+
| ClassID | Class | NumOfStu |
+---------+----------------+----------+
| 1 | Shaolin Pai | 10 |
| 2 | Emei Pai | 7 |
| 3 | QingCheng Pai | 11 |
| 4 | Wudang Pai | 12 |
| 5 | Riyue Shenjiao | 31 |
| 6 | Lianshan Pai | 27 |
| 7 | Ming Jiao | 27 |
| 8 | Xiaoyao Pai | 15 |
| 9 | xxoo | 39 |
+---------+----------------+----------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)