【MYSQL死鎖問題】Deadlock found when trying to get lock;
問題:
在多訪問的情況下,一個刪除計劃的操作會出現死鎖現象,報錯如下:
### Error updating database. Cause: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLTransactionRollbackException: Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction ### The error may involve com.longfor.tender.mapper.TdPlaInfoMapper.updatePlanDelById-Inline ### The error occurred while setting parameters ### SQL: UPDATE td_plan SET is_delete = ?, last_update_time=?, last_update_by = ? WHERE id = ? ### Cause: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLTransactionRollbackException: Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction ; SQL []; Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction; nested exception is com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLTransactionRollbackException: Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction at org.springframework.jdbc.support.SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator.doTranslate(SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator.java:263) at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:73) at org.mybatis.spring.MyBatisExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(MyBatisExceptionTranslator.java:71) at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate$SqlSessionInterceptor.invoke(SqlSessionTemplate.java:364) at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy20.update(Unknown Source) at org.mybatis.spring.Sq
解決方案:
此刪除涉及到事物,在刪除計劃的過程中,還要刪除立項資訊、合同需求資訊關聯的計劃資訊。在刪除開始之前設定事物,是不夠嚴謹的。所以,把開啟事物放置到刪除立項的方法、合同需求方法、計劃的方法,這樣,每一模組是一個單獨的事物。鎖的範圍縮小,基本併發可用。
網上搜索到的資料,以備參考:
表結構:
CREATE TABLE `test` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ‘主鍵’,
`test_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`group_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ‘Id,對應test_group.id’,
`gmt_created` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ‘建立時間’,
`gmt_modified` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ‘修改時間’,
`is_deleted` tinyint(4) DEFAULT ‘0’ COMMENT ‘刪除。’,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `idx_testid` (`test_id`),
KEY `idx_groupid` (`group_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7429111 ;
SQL執行計劃:
mysql>explain UPDATE test SET is_deleted = 1 WHERE group_id = 1332577 and test_id = 4212859
所以第一個事務先根據group_id索引,已經鎖住primary id,然後再根據test_id索引,鎖定primary id;第二個事務先根據test_id索引,已經鎖住primary id,然後再根據group_id索引,去鎖primary id;所以這樣併發更新就可能出現死索引。
MySQL官方也已經確認了此bug:https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=77209
解決方法有兩種:
第一、新增test_id+group_id的組合索引,這樣就可以避免掉index merge;
第二、將優化器的index merge優化關閉;
建議選擇第一種方法來避免此問題的發生。
update時,如果where條件裡面涉及多個欄位,區分度都比較高且欄位都分別建了索引的話,mysql會多個索引各走一遍,然後結果取個交集;
單條記錄更新不會引發問題; 多條記錄併發更新時,如果索引行數有重疊,因加鎖順序可能不同,互相等待可能會導致死鎖,為什麼加鎖順序會不同呢?我們的sql中where條件的順序是一定的,那麼加鎖順序也應該一定,為什麼會有加鎖順序不同情況。情況是這樣的,因為我們使用的是兩個單值索引,where條件中是複合條件,那麼mysql會使用index merge進行優化,優化過程是mysql會先用索引1進行掃表,在用索引2進行掃表,然後求交集形成一個合併索引。這個使用索引掃表的過程和我們本身的sql使用索引的順序可能存在互斥,所以造成了死鎖。
更多問題說明及解決方案請參見https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=77209
另外一個mysql死鎖的場景
在事務中用for迴圈更新一張表,這張表中有主鍵和二級索引,更新就是以二級索引為條件,這時候,因為for迴圈裡面執行的循序不一定,所以有可能導致死鎖
原文:https://blog.csdn.net/zheng0518/article/details/54695605 ;
mysql 官網參考
[1 Jun 2015 11:31] Andrii Nikitin
Description: On some conditions UPDATE query uses index merge when both indexes expect to retrieve 1 row. This behavior increases chances for deadlock. (Corresponding SELECT doesn't show index merge) How to repeat: drop table if exists a; CREATE TABLE `a` ( `ID` int AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, `NAME` varchar(21), `STATUS` int, KEY `NAME` (`NAME`), KEY `STATUS` (`STATUS`) ) engine = innodb; set @N=0; insert into a(ID,NAME,STATUS) select @N:=@N+1, @N%1600000, floor(rand()*4) from information_schema.global_variables a, information_schema.global_variables b, information_schema.global_variables c LIMIT 1600000; update a set status=5 where rand() < 0.005 limit 1; explain UPDATE a SET STATUS = 2 WHERE NAME = '1000000' AND STATUS = 5; +-------------------------+--------------+------------------------------------------------------ | type key | key_len rows | Extra +-------------------------+--------------+------------------------------------------------------ | index_merge NAME,STATUS | 24,5 1 | Using intersect(NAME,STATUS); Using where; Using temp +-------------------------+--------------+------------------------------------------------------ Suggested fix: Do not use index merge when single index is good enough Try to avoid using index merge in UPDATE to not provoke deadlocks
[25 Feb 2016 18:38] Paul Dubois
Noted in 5.6.30, 5.7.12, 5.8.0 changelogs. For some queries, an Index Merge access plan was choosen over a range scan when the cost for the range scan was the same or less.