關於OrangePI 串列埠通訊解決方案
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-10
前段時間因為需要做一個物聯網專案，需要使用到OrangePi, 定下里的方案是使用gpio通訊，但是發現香橙派沒有通用的gpio驅動，所以只得這種選擇串列埠通訊。網上找了一波，使用RS232+USB通訊是最便宜的解決方案，驅動的話使用開源庫UsbSerial。也有之前Google 維護的庫，但我覺著不好用。所以在這裡獻醜寫上一篇部落格。
匯入
新增jitpack倉庫到你的build.gradle檔案
allprojects { repositories { jcenter() maven { url "https://jitpack.io" } } }
新增依賴到你的app中
compile 'com.github.felHR85:UsbSerial:4.5.2'裝置支援
- CP210X devices Default: 9600,8,1,None,flow off
- CDC devices Default 115200,8,1,None,flow off
- FTDI devices Default: 9600,8,1,None,flow off
- PL2303 devices Default 9600,8,1,None,flow off
- CH34x devices Default 9600,8,1,None,flow off
使用
- 新建Service
public class UsbService extends Service { public static final String ACTION_USB_READY = "com.felhr.connectivityservices.USB_READY"; public static final String ACTION_USB_ATTACHED = "android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED"; public static final String ACTION_USB_DETACHED = "android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_DETACHED"; public static final String ACTION_USB_NOT_SUPPORTED = "com.felhr.usbservice.USB_NOT_SUPPORTED"; public static final String ACTION_NO_USB = "com.felhr.usbservice.NO_USB"; public static final String ACTION_USB_PERMISSION_GRANTED = "com.felhr.usbservice.USB_PERMISSION_GRANTED"; public static final String ACTION_USB_PERMISSION_NOT_GRANTED = "com.felhr.usbservice.USB_PERMISSION_NOT_GRANTED"; public static final String ACTION_USB_DISCONNECTED = "com.felhr.usbservice.USB_DISCONNECTED"; public static final String ACTION_CDC_DRIVER_NOT_WORKING = "com.felhr.connectivityservices.ACTION_CDC_DRIVER_NOT_WORKING"; public static final String ACTION_USB_DEVICE_NOT_WORKING = "com.felhr.connectivityservices.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_NOT_WORKING"; public static final int MESSAGE_FROM_SERIAL_PORT = 0; public static final int CTS_CHANGE = 1; public static final int DSR_CHANGE = 2; public static final int SYNC_READ = 3; public static final String ACTION_USB_PERMISSION = "com.android.example.USB_PERMISSION"; private static final int BAUD_RATE = 9600; // BaudRate. Change this value if you need public static boolean SERVICE_CONNECTED = false; private IBinder binder = new UsbBinder(); private Context context; private Handler mHandler; private UsbManager usbManager; private UsbDevice device; private UsbDeviceConnection connection; private UsbSerialDevice serialPort; private boolean serialPortConnected; /* * Data received from serial port will be received here. * byte stream is converted to String and send to UI thread to * be treated there. */ private UsbSerialInterface.UsbReadCallback mCallback = new UsbSerialInterface.UsbReadCallback() { @Override public void onReceivedData(byte[] arg0) { Timber.e(arg0 + "-------接收資料"); try { String data = new String(arg0, "UTF-8"); // 上傳資料到伺服器 if (mHandler != null) mHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_FROM_SERIAL_PORT, data).sendToTarget(); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }; /* * State changes in the CTS line will be received here * 電梯主機板傳送資料請求 */ private UsbSerialInterface.UsbCTSCallback ctsCallback = new UsbSerialInterface.UsbCTSCallback() { @Override public void onCTSChanged(boolean state) { if (mHandler != null) mHandler.obtainMessage(CTS_CHANGE).sendToTarget(); } }; /* * State changes in the DSR line will be received here * 傳送請求命令到香橙派 */ private UsbSerialInterface.UsbDSRCallback dsrCallback = new UsbSerialInterface.UsbDSRCallback() { @Override public void onDSRChanged(boolean state) { if (mHandler != null) mHandler.obtainMessage(DSR_CHANGE).sendToTarget(); } }; /* * Different notifications from OS will be received here (USB attached, detached, permission responses...) * About BroadcastReceiver: http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/BroadcastReceiver.html */ private final BroadcastReceiver usbReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent arg1) { switch (Objects.requireNonNull(arg1.getAction())) { case ACTION_USB_PERMISSION: boolean granted = Objects.requireNonNull(arg1.getExtras()).getBoolean(UsbManager.EXTRA_PERMISSION_GRANTED); if (granted) // User accepted our USB connection. Try to open the device as a serial port { Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION_GRANTED); arg0.sendBroadcast(intent); connection = usbManager.openDevice(device); new ConnectionThread().start(); } else // User not accepted our USB connection. Send an Intent to the Main Activity { Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION_NOT_GRANTED); arg0.sendBroadcast(intent); } break; case ACTION_USB_ATTACHED: if (!serialPortConnected) findSerialPortDevice(); // A USB device has been attached. Try to open it as a Serial port break; case ACTION_USB_DETACHED: // Usb device was disconnected. send an intent to the Main Activity Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_USB_DISCONNECTED); arg0.sendBroadcast(intent); if (serialPortConnected) { serialPort.syncClose(); } serialPortConnected = false; break; } } }; /* * onCreate will be executed when service is started. It configures an IntentFilter to listen for * incoming Intents (USB ATTACHED, USB DETACHED...) and it tries to open a serial port. */ @Override public void onCreate() { this.context = this; serialPortConnected = false; UsbService.SERVICE_CONNECTED = true; setFilter(); usbManager = (UsbManager) getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE); findSerialPortDevice(); EventBus.getDefault().register(this); } /* MUST READ about services * http://developer.android.com/guide/components/services.html * http://developer.android.com/guide/components/bound-services.html */ @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return binder; } @Override public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) { return Service.START_NOT_STICKY; } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); UsbService.SERVICE_CONNECTED = false; EventBus.getDefault().unregister(this); } /* * 寫資料到電梯主機板 */ public void write(byte[] data, int timeout) { if (serialPort != null) { serialPort.syncWrite(data,timeout); } } /* * 改變波特率 */ public void changeBaudRate(int baudRate) { if (serialPort != null) serialPort.setBaudRate(baudRate); } public void setHandler(Handler mHandler) { this.mHandler = mHandler; } private void findSerialPortDevice() { // This snippet will try to open the first encountered usb device connected, excluding usb root hubs HashMap<String, UsbDevice> usbDevices = usbManager.getDeviceList(); if (!usbDevices.isEmpty()) { boolean keep = true; for (Map.Entry<String, UsbDevice> entry : usbDevices.entrySet()) { device = entry.getValue(); int deviceVID = device.getVendorId(); int devicePID = device.getProductId(); Timber.e("VendorId: " + deviceVID + "-----devicePID: " + devicePID); if (deviceVID != 0x1d6b && (devicePID != 0x0001 && devicePID != 0x0002 && devicePID != 0x0003)) { // There is a device connected to our Android device. Try to open it as a Serial Port. Timber.e("請求許可權..."); requestUserPermission(); keep = false; } else { Timber.e("取消掛載裝置..."); connection = null; device = null; } if (!keep) break; } if (!keep) { // There is no USB devices connected (but usb host were listed). Send an intent to MainActivity. Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_NO_USB); sendBroadcast(intent); } } else { // There is no USB devices connected. Send an intent to MainActivity Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_NO_USB); sendBroadcast(intent); } } private void setFilter() { IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(); filter.addAction(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION); filter.addAction(ACTION_USB_DETACHED); filter.addAction(ACTION_USB_ATTACHED); registerReceiver(usbReceiver, filter); } /* * 請求許可權 */ private void requestUserPermission() { PendingIntent mPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, new Intent(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION), 0); usbManager.requestPermission(device, mPendingIntent); } public class UsbBinder extends Binder { public UsbService getService() { return UsbService.this; } } /* * 單執行緒開啟usb串列埠 * Although it should be a fast operation. moving usb operations away from UI thread is a good thing. */ private class ConnectionThread extends Thread { @Override public void run() { Timber.e("準備開啟埠..."); serialPort = UsbSerialDevice.createUsbSerialDevice(device, connection); if (serialPort != null) { Timber.e("serialPort獲取成功..."); if (serialPort.syncOpen()) { Timber.e("serialPort開啟成功..."); serialPortConnected = true; serialPort.setBaudRate(BAUD_RATE); serialPort.setDataBits(UsbSerialInterface.DATA_BITS_8); serialPort.setStopBits(UsbSerialInterface.STOP_BITS_1); serialPort.setParity(UsbSerialInterface.PARITY_NONE); /** * Current flow control Options: * UsbSerialInterface.FLOW_CONTROL_OFF * UsbSerialInterface.FLOW_CONTROL_RTS_CTS only for CP2102 and FT232 * UsbSerialInterface.FLOW_CONTROL_DSR_DTR only for CP2102 and FT232 */ serialPort.setFlowControl(UsbSerialInterface.FLOW_CONTROL_OFF); serialPort.read(mCallback); serialPort.getCTS(ctsCallback); serialPort.getDSR(dsrCallback); // new ReadThread().start(); Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_USB_READY); context.sendBroadcast(intent); } else { // Serial port could not be opened, maybe an I/O error or if CDC driver was chosen, it does not really fit // Send an Intent to Main Activity if (serialPort instanceof CDCSerialDevice) { Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_CDC_DRIVER_NOT_WORKING); context.sendBroadcast(intent); } else { Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_USB_DEVICE_NOT_WORKING); context.sendBroadcast(intent); } } } else { // No driver for given device, even generic CDC driver could not be loaded Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_USB_NOT_SUPPORTED); context.sendBroadcast(intent); } } } /** * 開執行緒讀取資料 */ private class ReadThread extends Thread { @Override public void run() { while (true) { byte[] buffer = new byte[100]; int n = serialPort.syncRead(buffer, 0); if (n > 0) { byte[] received = new byte[n]; System.arraycopy(buffer, 0, received, 0, n); Timber.e("媽的智障--------" + Arrays.toString(received)); String receivedStr = new String(received); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putByteArray("bytes", received); if (mHandler != null) { Message message = mHandler.obtainMessage(SYNC_READ, receivedStr); message.setData(bundle); message.sendToTarget(); } } } } } }
- 開啟服務並進行通訊
private UsbService usbService; private MyHandler mHandler; private String mStatus = Command.STATUS_INIT; private Disposable mLoginDispose; private Disposable m111Dispose; private final ServiceConnection usbConnection = new ServiceConnection() { @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName arg0, IBinder arg1) { usbService = ((UsbService.UsbBinder) arg1).getService(); usbService.setHandler(mHandler); usbService.changeBaudRate(9600); } @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) { usbService = null; } }; /* * 當前USB狀態... */ private final BroadcastReceiver mUsbReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { Timber.d("USB連線過程資料: " + intent.getDataString()); switch (Objects.requireNonNull(intent.getAction())) { // USB PERMISSION GRANTED case UsbService.ACTION_USB_PERMISSION_GRANTED: Timber.d("USB準備完成...."); Toast.makeText(context, "USB Ready", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); //登入 mStatus = Command.STATUS_INIT; mLoginDispose = null; m111Dispose = null; EventBus.getDefault().post(new CycleReadEvent()); break; case UsbService.ACTION_USB_PERMISSION_NOT_GRANTED: Timber.d("USB沒有授權...."); Toast.makeText(context, "USB Permission not granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case UsbService.ACTION_NO_USB: Timber.d("沒有USB連線...."); Toast.makeText(context, "No USB connected", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case UsbService.ACTION_USB_DISCONNECTED: Timber.d("USB斷開連線....."); Toast.makeText(context, "USB disconnected", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case UsbService.ACTION_USB_NOT_SUPPORTED: Timber.d("USB裝置不支援....."); Toast.makeText(context, "USB device not supported", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } } }; /* * 從USB中拿到的資料 * 在此處讀資料 */ public class MyHandler extends Handler { private final WeakReference<CallActivity> mActivity; MyHandler(CallActivity activity) { mActivity = new WeakReference<>(activity); } @Override public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) { switch (msg.what) { case UsbService.MESSAGE_FROM_SERIAL_PORT: byte[] data = (byte[]) msg.obj; Timber.e("MESSAGE_FROM_SERIAL_PORT-接收到資料：" + Arrays.toString(data)); break; case UsbService.CTS_CHANGE: Toast.makeText(mActivity.get(), "CTS_CHANGE", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case UsbService.DSR_CHANGE: Toast.makeText(mActivity.get(), "DSR_CHANGE", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); break; case UsbService.SYNC_READ: byte[] buffer1 = msg.getData().getByteArray("bytes"); Timber.e("SYNC_READ-接收到資料：" + Arrays.toString(buffer1)); Timber.e("SYNC_READ-接收到資料：" + msg.obj); dealReadData(buffer1); break; } } } }; private void startService(Class<?> service, ServiceConnection serviceConnection, Bundle extras) { if (!UsbService.SERVICE_CONNECTED) { Intent startService = new Intent(this, service); if (extras != null && !extras.isEmpty()) { Set<String> keys = extras.keySet(); for (String key : keys) { String extra = extras.getString(key); startService.putExtra(key, extra); } } startService(startService); } Intent bindingIntent = new Intent(this, service); bindService(bindingIntent, serviceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE); } private void setFilters() { IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(); filter.addAction(UsbService.ACTION_USB_PERMISSION_GRANTED); filter.addAction(UsbService.ACTION_NO_USB); filter.addAction(UsbService.ACTION_USB_DISCONNECTED); filter.addAction(UsbService.ACTION_USB_NOT_SUPPORTED); filter.addAction(UsbService.ACTION_USB_PERMISSION_NOT_GRANTED); registerReceiver(mUsbReceiver, filter); } @Override protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); setFilters(); startService(UsbService.class, usbConnection, null); }
總結
大概使用教程就是這樣，今天來的有點晚。如果有不懂的可以關注我的公眾號留言諮詢。後面還是折騰gpio通訊。如果有一起玩的可以聯絡我一起交流。
歡迎長按下圖 -> 識別圖中二維碼或者微信掃一掃關注我的公眾號
