虛擬環境

$ python3 -m venv .venv
$ pip --version
$ source .venv/bin/activate
$ pip install --upgrade pip
$ deactivate

刪除

(.venv) $ deactivate
$ rm -rf .venv

幫助

$ python3 -m venv -h
usage: venv [-h] [--system-site-packages] [--symlinks | --copies] [--clear]
            [--upgrade] [--without-pip] [--prompt PROMPT]
            ENV_DIR [ENV_DIR ...]

Creates virtual Python environments in one or more target directories.

positional arguments:
  ENV_DIR               A directory to create the environment in.

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  --system-site-packages
                        Give the virtual environment access to the system
                        site-packages dir.
  --symlinks            Try to use symlinks rather than copies, when symlinks
                        are not the default for the platform.
  --copies              Try to use copies rather than symlinks, even when
                        symlinks are the default for the platform.
  --clear               Delete the contents of the environment directory if it
                        already exists, before environment creation.
  --upgrade             Upgrade the environment directory to use this version
                        of Python, assuming Python has been upgraded in-place.
  --without-pip         Skips installing or upgrading pip in the virtual
                        environment (pip is bootstrapped by default)
  --prompt PROMPT       Provides an alternative prompt prefix for this
                        environment.

Once an environment has been created, you may wish to activate it, e.g. by
sourcing an activate script in its bin directory.

 

頻繁切換也可以考慮 virtualenvwrapper庫。

$ pip install virtualenvwrapper
# .bashrc or .bash_profile
export WORKON_HOME=~/.virtualenvs
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
$ mkvirtualenv automation_cookbook
$ deactivate
$ workon automation_cookbook
(automation_cookbook) $

更多參考 https://virtualenvwrapper.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html

安裝庫

建立requirements.txt：

delorean==1.0.0
requests==2.18.4

安裝

$ pip install -r requirements.txt
...
Successfully installed babel-2.5.3 certifi-2018.4.16 chardet-3.0.4 delorean-1.0.0

檢視已經安裝模組：

pip freeze > requirements.txt

更多庫參考：

https://github.com/china-testing/python-api-tesing