.NetCore實踐篇：分散式監控Zipkin持久化之殤
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-10
前言
簡要回顧
zipkin
Zipkin是一種分散式跟蹤系統。它有助於收集解決微服務架構中的延遲問題所需的時序資料 zipkin官網
zipkin4Net
zipkin4net是.NET客戶端庫。 zipkin4net
zipkin-dependencies
這是一個Spark作業，它將從您的資料儲存區收集跨度，分析服務之間的連結，並存儲它們以供以後在Web UI中呈現。
使用方法
如果記憶體不足時，java後跟上-Xmx1024m -Xms1024m引數，JAVA_OPTS的一些引數可參考Oracle官方說明配置預設JVM和Java引數
# ex to run the job to process yesterday's traces on OS/X MySQL 儲存
* `MYSQL_DB`: 使用的資料庫，預設是 "zipkin".
* `MYSQL_USER` and `MYSQL_PASS`: MySQL授權, 預設是空.
* `MYSQL_HOST`: 預設主機（域名/ip）是localhost
* `MYSQL_TCP_PORT` 示例
$ STORAGE_TYPE=mysql MYSQL_USER=root java -jar zipkin-dependencies.jar
實踐
建立使用資料庫
mysql> create database mytestdb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database | 使用sql語句建立zipkin表
CREATETABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_spans (
`trace_id_high` BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0COMMENT 'If non zero, this means the trace uses 128 bit traceIds instead of 64bit',
`trace_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
`parent_id` BIGINT,
`debug` BIT(1),
`start_ts` BIGINT COMMENT 'Span.timestamp():epoch micros used for endTs query and to implement TTL',
`duration` BIGINT COMMENT 'Span.duration():micros used for minDuration and maxDuration query'
)ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
ALTERTABLE zipkin_spans ADD UNIQUE KEY(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `id`) COMMENT'ignore insert on duplicate';
ALTERTABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `id`) COMMENT 'forjoining with zipkin_annotations';
ALTERTABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`) COMMENT 'forgetTracesByIds';
ALTERTABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`name`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and getSpanNames';
ALTERTABLE zipkin_spans ADD INDEX(`start_ts`) COMMENT 'for getTraces ordering andrange';
CREATETABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_annotations (
`trace_id_high` BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0COMMENT 'If non zero, this means the trace uses 128 bit traceIds instead of 64bit',
`trace_id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT 'coincideswith zipkin_spans.trace_id',
`span_id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT 'coincideswith zipkin_spans.id',
`a_key` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL COMMENT'BinaryAnnotation.key or Annotation.value if type == -1',
`a_value` BLOB COMMENT'BinaryAnnotation.value(), which must be smaller than 64KB',
`a_type` INT NOT NULL COMMENT'BinaryAnnotation.type() or -1 if Annotation',
`a_timestamp` BIGINT COMMENT 'Used toimplement TTL; Annotation.timestamp or zipkin_spans.timestamp',
`endpoint_ipv4` INT COMMENT 'Null whenBinary/Annotation.endpoint is null',
`endpoint_ipv6` BINARY(16) COMMENT 'Null whenBinary/Annotation.endpoint is null, or no IPv6 address',
`endpoint_port` SMALLINT COMMENT 'Null whenBinary/Annotation.endpoint is null',
`endpoint_service_name` VARCHAR(255) COMMENT'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null'
)ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
ALTERTABLE zipkin_annotations ADD UNIQUE KEY(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `span_id`,`a_key`, `a_timestamp`) COMMENT 'Ignore insert on duplicate';
ALTERTABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `span_id`)COMMENT 'for joining with zipkin_spans';
ALTERTABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`) COMMENT 'forgetTraces/ByIds';
ALTERTABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`endpoint_service_name`) COMMENT 'forgetTraces and getServiceNames';
ALTERTABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`a_type`) COMMENT 'for getTraces';
ALTERTABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`a_key`) COMMENT 'for getTraces';
ALTERTABLE zipkin_annotations ADD INDEX(`trace_id`, `span_id`, `a_key`) COMMENT 'fordependencies job';
CREATETABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_dependencies (
`day` DATE NOT NULL,
`parent` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
`child` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
`call_count` BIGINT
)ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
ALTERTABLE zipkin_dependencies ADD UNIQUE KEY(`day`, `parent`, `child`);
建立成功後，查詢結果。
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------+
| Tables_in_mytestdb |
+---------------------+
| zipkin_annotations |
| zipkin_dependencies |
| zipkin_spans |
+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
啟動zipkin-dependencies
最開始我的密碼是【四個字母一個感嘆號一個數字】，再執行啟動命令時，密碼那塊給我報錯自動換成【四個字母rm -f】，我修改成【四個字母一個#號一個數字】就能執行了
執行成功後，依然提示Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO),但我在linux的命令中直接用mysql -u root -p相同密碼是可以登入成功的。所以問題出現在哪呢？
[[email protected] cusD]# STORAGE_TYPE=mysql MYSQL_HOST=localhost MYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 MYSQL_DB=mytestdb MYSQL_USER=XXXXX MYSQL_PASS=XXXXX java -Xmx1024m -Xms1024m -jar zipkin-dependencies.jar
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.sql.SQLInvalidAuthorizationSpecException: Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
at zipkin2.dependencies.mysql.MySQLDependenciesJob.hasTraceIdHigh(MySQLDependenciesJob.java:233)
at zipkin2.dependencies.mysql.MySQLDependenciesJob.run(MySQLDependenciesJob.java:184)
at zipkin2.dependencies.ZipkinDependenciesJob.main(ZipkinDependenciesJob.java:65)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLInvalidAuthorizationSpecException: Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.util.exceptions.ExceptionMapper.get(ExceptionMapper.java:173)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.util.exceptions.ExceptionMapper.getException(ExceptionMapper.java:110)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.protocol.AbstractConnectProtocol.connectWithoutProxy(AbstractConnectProtocol.java:1115)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.util.Utils.retrieveProxy(Utils.java:502)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.MariaDbConnection.newConnection(MariaDbConnection.java:154)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver.connect(Driver.java:86)
at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:664)
at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:247)
at zipkin2.dependencies.mysql.MySQLDependenciesJob.hasTraceIdHigh(MySQLDependenciesJob.java:229)
... 2 more
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
Current charset is UTF-8. If password has been set using other charset, consider using option 'passwordCharacterEncoding'
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.protocol.AbstractConnectProtocol.authentication(AbstractConnectProtocol.java:862)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.protocol.AbstractConnectProtocol.handleConnectionPhases(AbstractConnectProtocol.java:785)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.protocol.AbstractConnectProtocol.connect(AbstractConnectProtocol.java:456)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.protocol.AbstractConnectProtocol.connectWithoutProxy(AbstractConnectProtocol.java:1111)
... 8 more
追溯原始碼
逼不得已，走上檢視原始碼之路，Idea開啟zipkin-dependencies/mysql原始碼，檢視相關部分程式碼。
public static final class Builder {
Map<String, String> sparkProperties = ImmutableMap.of(
"spark.ui.enabled", "false"
);
String db = getEnv("MYSQL_DB", "zipkin");
String host = getEnv("MYSQL_HOST", "localhost");
int port = Integer.parseInt(getEnv("MYSQL_TCP_PORT", "3306"));
String user = getEnv("MYSQL_USER", "");
String password = getEnv("MYSQL_PASS", "");
int maxConnections = Integer.parseInt(getEnv("MYSQL_MAX_CONNECTIONS", "10"));
boolean useSsl = Boolean.parseBoolean(getEnv("MYSQL_USE_SSL", "false"));
// local[*] master lets us run & test the job locally without setting a Spark cluster
String sparkMaster = getEnv("SPARK_MASTER", "local[*]");
// By default the job only works on traces whose first timestamp is today
long day = midnightUTC(System.currentTimeMillis());
/**
*為減少篇幅，中間設定屬性部分程式碼省略。
*/
public MySQLDependenciesJob build() {
return new MySQLDependenciesJob(this);
}
}
/**
*為減少篇幅，中間部分程式碼省略。
*/
MySQLDependenciesJob(Builder builder) {
this.db = builder.db;
this.day = builder.day;
SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
df.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"));
this.dateStamp = df.format(new Date(builder.day));
this.url = new StringBuilder("jdbc:mysql://")
.append(builder.host).append(":").append(builder.port)
.append("/").append(builder.db)
.append("?autoReconnect=true")
.append("&useSSL=").append(builder.useSsl).toString();
this.user = builder.user;
this.password = builder.password;
this.conf = new SparkConf(true)
.setMaster(builder.sparkMaster)
.setAppName(getClass().getName());
if (builder.jars != null) conf.setJars(builder.jars);
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : builder.sparkProperties.entrySet()) {
conf.set(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
this.logInitializer = builder.logInitializer;
}
void saveToMySQL(List<DependencyLink> links) {
try (Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password)) {
PreparedStatement replace = con.prepareStatement(
"REPLACE INTO zipkin_dependencies (day, parent, child, call_count, error_count) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)");
for (DependencyLink link : links) {
replace.setDate(1, new java.sql.Date(day));
replace.setString(2, link.parent());
replace.setString(3, link.child());
replace.setLong(4, link.callCount());
replace.setLong(5, link.errorCount());
replace.executeUpdate();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Could not save links " + links, e);
}
}
然並卵，看完之後，沒看出明顯問題。難道還是我自己的mysql配置問題？還是啟動部分的引數問題？程式碼部分也是有些疑惑,password和root為什麼沒放進url裡，難道是為了安全考慮麼？
this.url = new StringBuilder("jdbc:mysql://")
.append(builder.host).append(":").append(builder.port)
.append("/").append(builder.db)
.append("?autoReconnect=true")
.append("&useSSL=").append(builder.useSsl).toString();
this.user = builder.user;
this.password = builder.password;
文中還提到 Current charset is UTF-8. If password has been set using other charset, consider using option 'passwordCharacterEncoding'，編碼格式是否有不同呢？ 檢視mysql資料庫及表編碼格式
mysql> show variables like 'character_set_database';
+------------------------+---------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+---------+
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
+------------------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
參考連結
總結
由於啟動zipkin-dependencies連結mysql報Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)錯誤，本次持久化之路最終失敗。但由於我直接使用【mysql -u 使用者 -p】是能登入成功的，所以我猜測了以下原因：
- 客戶端自己的bug,和我伺服器mysql版本不相容？
- 編碼問題，編碼兩者不符？
- 使用者名稱和密碼沒有共享全域性，只對一個數據庫有效？
別人的博文是面向教學成功程式設計，我的是面向失敗程式設計，也別有一番趣味。留下疑問，待日後解決調。雖然失敗了，但我又收集了一堆連結，增添了mysql一些故障解決的認識。