oracle 11.2.0.4安裝配置goldengate 12.3.0.14 並配置表級初始化 （僅針對DML）
一、環境介紹
source：
Redhat 6.10 + oracle 11.2.0.4 + ogg 12.3.0.14
target：
Redhat 6.10 + oracle 11.2.0.4 + ogg 12.3.0.14
二、安裝goldengate軟體
三、檢查源端資料庫是否為歸檔模式
四、檢查資料庫的附加日誌是否開啟
SQL> Select SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_MIN,
SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_PK,
SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_UI,
SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_FK,
SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_ALL from v$database
SUPPLEME SUP SUP SUP SUP
-------- --- --- --- ---
YES NO NO NO NO ---------未開啟，需要更改
開啟附加日誌並切換日誌（保證Online redo log和Archive log一致）
alter database add supplemental log data ;
alter database add supplemental log data (primary key, unique,foreign key) columns;
alter system switch logfile;
再次使用以下sql語句檢查資料庫附加日誌的開啟狀況
SQL>Select
SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_MIN,
SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_PK,
SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_UI,
SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_FK,
SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_ALL from v$database;
SUPPLEME SUP SUP SUP SUP
-------- --- --- --- ---
YES YES YES YES NO
注：確保最小附加日誌,pk,uk,fk附加日誌開啟。而all columns的附加日誌關閉；
五、檢查資料庫是否開啟強制日誌
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;檢視是否開啟強制日誌
FOR
---
NO
SQL>
SQL>alter database force logging;
六、source建立goldengate使用者和表空間
create tablespace goldengate datafile 'xxxx' size 100M autoextend on next 5M;
create user goldengate identified by goldengate default goldengate;
grant connect,resource,dba to goldengate
create temporary tablespace temp01 tempfile '/xxxx/temp01.dbf' size 100M autoextend on next 50M;
alter database default temporary tablespace temp01;
七、新增表級附加日誌
GGSCI > dblogin userid goldengate,password goldengate;
GGSCI > info trandata SCHEMA.TABLE
GGSCI > add trandata SCHEMA.TABLE
八、配置MGR程序引數
如下：
PORT 7809 AUTORESTART EXTRACT *, RETRIES 5, WAITMINUTES 7 PURGEOLDEXTRACTS ./dirdat/*, USECHECKPOINTS, MINKEEPDAYS 7 LAGREPORTHOURS 1 LAGINFOMINUTES 30 LAGCRITICALMINUTES 45
八、新增抽取程序引數
如下：
EXTRACT extya SETENV (NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK") USERID goldengate, PASSWORD goldengate REPORTCOUNT EVERY 30 MINUTES, RATE DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/extya.dsc, APPEND, MEGABYTES 1024 DISCARDROLLOVER AT 3:00 --WARNLONGTRANS 2h, CHECKINTERVAL 3m EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/ya DYNAMICRESOLUTION DBOPTIONS ALLOWUNUSEDCOLUMN FETCHOPTIONS NOUSESNAPSHOT TRANLOGOPTIONS EXCLUDEUSER goldengate
TABLE SCOTT.*; ~
九、配置傳輸程序引數
如下：
EXTRACT dpeya RMTHOST 192.168.127.67, MGRPORT 7809, COMPRESS PASSTHRU RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/ya DYNAMICRESOLUTION
TABLE SCOTT.*;
十、新增抽取/傳輸程序與佇列檔案
GGSCI>ADD EXTRACT extya, TRANLOG, BEGIN NOW threads 2 ----rac 環境
GGSCI>ADD EXTRACT extya, TRANLOG, BEGIN NOW
GGSCI>ADD EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/ya, EXTRACT extya
GGSCI>ADD EXTRACT dpeya, EXTTRAILSOURCE ./dirdat/ya
GGSCI>ADD RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/ya, EXTRACT dpeya, MEGABYTES 200
十一、啟動source端mgr程序與抽取程序
GGSCI> start mgr
GGSCI> start extya
啟動抽取程序如果遇到如下錯誤：
ERROR OGG-02091 Oracle GoldenGate Delivery for Oracle, repya.prm: Operation not supported because enable_goldengate_replication is not set to true.
解決辦法： SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET ENABLE_GOLDENGATE_REPLICATION = TRUE SCOPE=BOTH;
System altered.
SQL>
十二、source使用expdp/impdp實施goldengate初始化（推薦使用rman，我這裡只是為了測試所以使用了資料泵）
建立資料目錄：
[[email protected]_ogg dirdat]# mkdir /u02 [[email protected]_ogg dirdat]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02 [[email protected]_ogg dirdat]# chmod -R 775 /u02
create directory dbdata as '/u02';
grant read,write on directory dbdata to goldengate;
SQL> select current_scn from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN ----------- 1003952
SQL>
[[email protected]_ogg Disk1]$ expdp \'/ as sysdba\' directory=dbdata dumpfile=%U7788.dmp filesize=1G parallel=2 exclude=grant,statistics,trigger full=y flashback_scn=1003952 logfile=data7.log
十三、將source端資料傳到target端，匯入資料庫
impdp \'/ as sysdba\' directory=dbdata dumpfile=%U7788.dmp parallel=2 table_exists_action=truncate full=y logfile=dbdata7788.log
十四、target安裝OGG軟體
十五、target建立OGG使用者和表空間及temp表空間
create tablespace goldengate datafile 'xxxx' size 100M autoextend on next 5M;
create user goldengate identified by goldengate default goldengate;
grant connect,resource,dba to goldengate
create temporary tablespace temp01 tempfile '/xxxx/temp01.dbf' size 100M autoextend on next 50M;
alter database default temporary tablespace temp01;
十六、target禁用觸發器和外來鍵約束
禁用觸發器：
SQL>declare
v_sql varchar2(2000);
CURSOR c_trigger IS SELECT 'alter trigger '||owner||'.'||trigger_name||' disable' from dba_triggers where owner in ('SCOTT');
BEGIN
OPEN c_trigger;
LOOP
FETCH c_trigger INTO v_sql;
EXIT WHEN c_trigger%NOTFOUND;
execute immediate v_sql;
end loop;
close c_trigger;
end;
/
檢視結果：
select owner||'.'||trigger_name,status from dba_triggers where owner='SCOTT' and STATUS='ENABLED';
禁用外來鍵約束：
SQL>declare
v_sql varchar2(2000);
CURSOR c_trigger IS SELECT 'alter table '||owner||'.'||table_name||' disable constraint '||constraint_name from dba_constraints where constraint_type='R' and owner in ('SCOTT');
BEGIN
OPEN c_trigger;
LOOP
FETCH c_trigger INTO v_sql;
EXIT WHEN c_trigger%NOTFOUND;
execute immediate v_sql;
end loop;
close c_trigger;
end;
/
檢視結果：
select status, owner||'.'||table_name from dba_constraints where owner='SCOTT' and status='ENABLED' and constraint_type='R';
十七、停用JOB
SQL> select job,log_user from dba_jobs;
conn /as sysdba
SQL>exec dbms_ijob.broken(299,true);
十八、編輯GLOBALS引數檔案
GGSCI>EDIT PARAMS ./GLOBALS
CHECKPOINTTABLE goldengate.checktable
十九、新增checkpointtable
GGSCI>dblogin userid goldengate,password goldengate
GGSCI>add checkpointtable goldengate.checktable
二十、target配置mgr引數
PORT 7809 STARTUPVALIDATIONDELAY 5 AUTORESTART EXTRACT *, RETRIES 5, WAITMINUTES 7 PURGEOLDEXTRACTS ./dirdat/*, USECHECKPOINTS, MINKEEPDAYS 7 LAGREPORTHOURS 1 LAGINFOMINUTES 30 LAGCRITICALMINUTES 45
二十一、target配置replication引數
EPLICAT repya USERID goldengate, PASSWORD goldengate SETENV (NLS_LANG = "AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8") SQLEXEC "ALTER SESSION SET CONSTRAINTS=DEFERRED" REPORT AT 06:00 REPORTCOUNT EVERY 25 MINUTES, RATE REPORTROLLOVER AT 02:00 REPERROR DEFAULT, ABEND ALLOWNOOPUPDATES --DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/repya.dsc, APPEND, MEGABYTES 1024M DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/repya.dsc DISCARDROLLOVER AT 02:30 ALLOWNOOPUPDATES
MAP SCOTT.*, TARGET SCOTT.*;
二十二、新增複製程序
ggsci>ADD REPLICAT repya, EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/ya,CHECKPOINTTABLE goldengate.checktable
二十三、source端開啟投遞程序，target端檢視是否有佇列檔案傳輸過來
二十四、target開啟複製程序
ggsci> start repya aftercsn 1003952
*************************************************************************************************************************************************
OGG單表初始化步驟
*************************************************************************************************************************************************
1、停止target端的複製程序
GGSCI> stop repya
2、獲取當前source端的scn號
select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number from dual;
SQL> select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number from dual;
GET_SYSTEM_CHANGE_NUMBER ------------------------ 1054979
SQL>
3、source匯出要同步的表
expdp system/oracle directory=dbdata dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=1.log tables=scott.aa flashback_scn=1054979
4、source端試著執行dml操作
SQL> delete from scott.aa where ename='KING';
6 rows deleted.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL>
SQL> update scott.aa set sal=0 where ename='SCOTT';
6 rows updated.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL>
SQL> insert into scott.aa select * from scott.emp;
14 rows created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL>
5、target匯入
impdp system/oracle directory=dbdata dumpfile=test.dmp tables=scott.aa table_exists_action=replace
6、target編輯replication配置引數
加入如下內容：
map SCOTT.aa, target SCOTT.aa, filter (@GETENV('transaction','csn') > 1054979);
replication配置引數如下：
REPLICAT repya USERID goldengate, PASSWORD goldengate SETENV (NLS_LANG = "AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8") SQLEXEC "ALTER SESSION SET CONSTRAINTS=DEFERRED" REPORT AT 06:00 REPORTCOUNT EVERY 25 MINUTES, RATE REPORTROLLOVER AT 02:00 REPERROR DEFAULT, ABEND ALLOWNOOPUPDATES --DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/repya.dsc, APPEND, MEGABYTES 1024M DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/repya.dsc DISCARDROLLOVER AT 02:30 ALLOWNOOPUPDATES
map SCOTT.aa, target SCOTT.aa, filter (@GETENV('transaction','csn') > 1054979);
------ 如果使用的11g的ogg，需要使用雙引號"transaction"，"csn"，如果使用的是12c的ogg使用單引號
MAP SCOTT.*, TARGET SCOTT.*; 7、啟動repya程序
GGSCI> start repya
8、等待延時追平後（資料同步完成），再停止複製程序，登出單表同步內容
--map SCOTT.aa, target SCOTT.aa, filter (@GETENV('transaction','csn') > 1054979);
9、再次啟動複製程序即可