eclipse+maven+ssm環境搭建
1.安裝Eclipse
下載完成後,開啟eclipse-inst-win64.exe
選擇 Eclipse IDE for Java EE Developers,直至安裝完成
2.安裝JDK
選擇對應作業系統版本
下載完成後安裝,需要安裝在空目錄資料夾下,建議為JDK單獨設立一個Java路徑
3.安裝Tomcat
下載後解壓,如圖:
4.安裝及配置maven
4.2下載完成後解壓,放在D:\Java路徑下
4.3設定環境變數
4.3.1我的電腦→右擊→屬性→高階系統設定→高階→環境變數
4.3.2新增系統變數名:MAVEN_HOME,變數值:D:\Java\apache-maven-3.5.4-bin
(變數值為maven路徑)
4.3.3在Path中追加(win7和win10有區別)
Win7中在Path中追加:%MAVEN_HOME%\bin;
Win10中在Path中追加:D:\Java\apache-maven-3.5.4-bin\bin
4.3.4在命令列視窗中輸入:mvn –v,出現如圖所示版本資訊則maven安裝配置完畢
5.Maven倉庫設定
Maven的倉庫有三類,簡單來說三個倉庫的關係:
5.1編輯setting.xml檔案,maven倉庫位置在類似下圖:
因為眾所周知的原因,直接訪問maven公共倉庫的速度比較慢,所以推薦使用阿里的maven倉庫映象
5.2找到<mirrors>節點(新增映象倉庫)
5.3節點中加入如下內容,注意請寫在註釋之外
<mirror>
<id>nexus-aliyun</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>Nexus aliyun</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</mirror>
5.4找到<localRepository>節點,加入
<localRepository>D:/Java/maven_repo/localrepo</localRepository>
加入程式碼後如圖所示:
5.5找到<profile>節點,加入如下內容(將預設JDK1.4設定為1.8)
<id>jdk-1.8</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
<jdk>1.8</jdk>
</activation>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
</properties>
6.Eclipse整合Maven
開啟Eclipse→Window→Preferences
設定順序如下:
接著選擇Installations→Add,新增maven路徑,勾選並Apply
7.使用Maven建立SSM專案
7.1 File→new→project,找到Maven project,選擇web型別
7.2設定完兩個id,點選finish
Group ID:相當於一個組織
Artifact ID:相當於這個組織下的一個具體專案
Packege:根據Group ID和Artifact ID生成一個預設的名稱
7.3等待一會,此時會開始載入一些檔案,右下角顯示進度
載入完畢後,本地倉庫出現一些檔案
7.4回到Eclipse,專案建立完成
報的錯誤如下:
7.5在eclipse中設定Server為Tomcat
選擇對應的 Tomcat 版本
找到本地 Tomcat 目錄,注意JRE設定為安裝的JDK的jre
7.6在工程上右鍵,檢視工程屬性(properties),找到Java Build Path,新增Server Runtime為Tomcat
點選 Finish,並 Apply後
工程錯誤消失,如圖所示:
7.7還是在專案上右鍵,檢視專案資訊(properties),選擇project facets
預設的Dynamic Web Module為2.3,使用Tomcat 9,需要修改為4.0
這裡無法直接選擇修改成4.0,因為我們需要經過以下幾個步驟的設定:
(1)maven工程.setting下org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml
開啟後如下所示:
主要修改第4,第5行,改為:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<faceted-project>
<fixed facet="wst.jsdt.web"/>
<installed facet="java" version="1.8"/>
<installed facet="jst.web" version="4.0"/>
<installed facet="wst.jsdt.web" version="1.0"/>
</faceted-project>
(2)maven工程目錄\src\main\webapp\WEB-INF中的web.xml 檔案修改為
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="3.1" metadata-complete="true">
</web-app>
修改為如圖示:
(3)maven工程目錄下的pom.xml檔案中修改build節點,新增如下內容
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
修改完如圖示:
(4)修改後,在專案上右鍵,點選Maven屬性下的Update Project,
(5)選擇該專案進行更新,如果怕不能強制更新,可以勾選Force Update of Snapshots/Releases
右下角有更新進度,更新用時大約三分鐘
(6)點選OK後更新maven專案,再觀察專案屬性,Module已經變為4.0
8.下載 SSM 所需的 jar 包
修改maven工程目錄下的pom.xml檔案:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>xyz.fowee</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ssm Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<!-- Spring版本號 -->
<spring.version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring相關包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- AOP相關包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis相關包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySQL相關包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.26</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 資料庫連線池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.20</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring整合MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSP標準標籤庫 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日誌相關包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 單元測試相關包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssm</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
直接複製上述內容至pom.xml檔案,覆蓋原先所有內容
儲存後右擊Maven專案,點選refresh,可以看到相關jar包被下載至本地倉庫
9.完善專案結構
由於服務端maven專案的標準結構有四個子包:src/main/java、src/main/resources、src/test/java、src/test/resources,這裡缺少了src/test/resources,所以手動補上。
在專案中新建Source Folder
建立src/test/resources目錄後,工程如下圖所示
右鍵檢視專案屬性(properties),點選Deployment Assembly,移除test和target
移除之後如圖所示:
10.建立專案用的配置檔案
在 src/main/resources 下建立5個檔案,分別為log4j.properties、mybatis-config.xml、spring-mvc.xml、spring-mybatis.xml、spring-tx.xml,如圖:
log4j.properties檔案,內容如下:
#USE THIS SETTING FOR OUTPUT MYBATIS`s SQL ON THE CONSOLE
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, Console
#Console
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=INFO
log4j.logger.org.apache=INFO
log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG
mybatis-config.xml檔案,內容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 設定別名 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="xyz.fowee.domain" />
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
spring-mvc.xml檔案,內容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 啟動自動掃描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="xyz.fowee.*" />
<!-- 註冊MVC註解驅動 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 靜態資源可訪問的設定方式 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!-- 配置檢視解析器,可以顯式設定,也可以不設定,不設定會依據SpringMVC的預設設定 -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
spring-mybatis.xml檔案,內容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 定義資料來源Bean -->
<!-- Druid -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="sa" />
</bean>
<!-- 註冊SqlSessionFactoryBean -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自動掃描mappers.xml檔案 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:xyz/fowee/dao/*.xml" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- DAO介面所在包名,Spring會自動查詢其下的類 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="xyz.fowee.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
spring-tx.xml檔案,內容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 開啟AOP註解掃描 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" />
<!-- 事務管理器,依賴於資料來源 -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 編寫通知:對事務進行增強(通知),需要編寫對切入點和具體執行事務細節 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!--
為切入點方法新增事務詳情
name:方法名,*表示任意方法名稱
propagation:設定傳播行為
isolation:設定隔離級別
read-only:是否只讀
-->
<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false" rollback-for="Exception" />
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false" rollback-for="Exception" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false" rollback-for="Exception" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- 設定AOP,讓Spring自動對目標生成代理,需要使用AspectJ表示式 -->
<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
<!-- 切面:整合切入點和通知 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="within(xyz.fowee.web..*)" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
11.服務端
建立如下幾個package 和 method
User實體類,程式碼如下:
package xyz.fowee.domain;
/**
* 使用者資訊
*/
public class User {
// 成員變數
private Integer userid;
private String username;
private String password;
// 建構函式
public User() {
super();
}
public User(Integer userid, String username, String password) {
super();
this.userid = userid;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
// 成員方法
public Integer getUserid() {
return userid;
}
public void setUserid(Integer userid) {
this.userid = userid;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
UserController控制器,程式碼如下:
package xyz.fowee.web;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import xyz.fowee.dao.UserDao;
import xyz.fowee.domain.User;
/**
* 使用者控制器
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/user")
public class UserController {
@Resource
private UserDao userDao;
@RequestMapping("/view")
public String view() {
return "main/login";
}
@RequestMapping("/indexview")
public String index() {
return "main/index";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public ModelAndView login(User model, HttpSession session) {
User user = userDao.findByUsername(model.getUsername());
if (user == null || !user.getPassword().equals(model.getPassword())) {
return new ModelAndView("redirect:/login.jsp");
} else {
session.setAttribute("user", user);
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.setViewName("index");
return mav;
}
}
}
UserDao資料訪問層介面,程式碼如下:
package xyz.fowee.dao;
import xyz.fowee.domain.User;
public interface UserDao {
public abstract User findByUsername(String username);
}
UserMapper.xml資料訪問層對映檔案,程式碼如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="xyz.fowee.dao.UserDao">
<select id="findByUsername" parameterType="string" resultType="User">
SELECT * FROM userinfo WHERE username=#{username}
</select>
</mapper>
12.客戶端
在webapp目錄下建立 index.jsp和login.jsp
login.jsp登入頁,程式碼如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登入</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="user/login" method="post">
<label>賬號:</label>
<input type="text" id="txtUsername" name="username" placeholder="請輸入賬號" /><br/>
<label>密碼:</label>
<input type="password" id="txtPassword" name="password" placeholder="請輸入密碼" /><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
<input type="reset" value="重置" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
index.jsp主頁,程式碼如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>主頁</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>歡迎,${user.username }</h3>
</body>
</html>
修改WEB-INF下的web.xml為:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0" metadata-complete="true">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath*:/spring-mybatis.xml,
classpath*:/spring-tx.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener </listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>20</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
</web-app>
13.使用Maven構建專案
在專案上右鍵,找到Maven屬性的Update Project,也可以Alt+F5操作
專案上右鍵,找到Run As屬性,找到Maven install
點選執行,效果如下說明構建成功
專案執行還是使用web工程的部署執行方式
點選Finish
執行專案,觀察是否報錯
登入頁面:http://localhost:8080/ssm/login.jsp
只是測試,帳號密碼隨便輸,點選提交
發現網頁完成重定向動作
至此,基本完成了 Eclipse下Maven+SSM 的框架搭建
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
主要參考: