前端每日實戰:142# 視訊演示如何用 CSS 的 Grid 佈局創作一枚小雞郵票
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-12-11
效果預覽
按下右側的“點選預覽”按鈕可以在當前頁面預覽,點選連結可以全屏預覽。
可互動視訊
此視訊是可以互動的,你可以隨時暫停視訊,編輯視訊中的程式碼。
請用 chrome, safari, edge 開啟觀看。
原始碼下載
每日前端實戰系列的全部原始碼請從 github 下載:
程式碼解讀
定義 dom,容器表示郵票:
<div class="stamp">
</div>
居中顯示:
body { margin: 0; height: 100vh; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; background-color: teal; }
設定容器尺寸:
.stamp {
position: relative;
width: 57em;
height: 71em;
font-size: 5px;
padding: 5em;
background-color: white;
}
用重複背景繪製出郵票的齒孔:
.stamp { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } .stamp::after, .stamp::before { content: ''; width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; background: radial-gradient(circle, teal 50%, transparent 50%), radial-gradient(circle, teal 50%, transparent 50%); background-size: 3.5em 3.5em; } .stamp::before { top: 1.5em; background-repeat: repeat-y; background-position: -3% 0, 103% 0; } .stamp::after { left: 1.5em; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-position: 0 -2.5%, 0 102.5%; }
在 html 檔案中增加小雞的 dom 元素,子元素分別表示頭部、喙、身體、尾巴、腿、爪子、太陽、桔子:
<div class="stamp"> <div class="rooster"> <span class="head"></span> <span class="beak"></span> <span class="body"></span> <span class="tail"></span> <span class="leg"></span> <span class="foot"></span> <span class="sun"></span> <span class="orange-stuff"></span> </div> </div>
設定 grid 佈局的行列尺寸:
.rooster {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 22.5em 13em 1.75em 14.5em 4.5em;
grid-template-rows: 12.5em 14.5em 15em 8em 5.5em;
background-color: wheat;
padding: 2em;
margin-top: -2em;
}
畫出扇形的頭部:
.head {
grid-column: 4;
grid-row: 2;
background-color: burlywood;
border-top-left-radius: 100%;
}
畫出小雞的眼睛和臉上的紅暈:
.head {
position: relative;
}
.head::after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
width: 2.8em;
height: 2.8em;
border-radius: 50%;
background-color: black;
right: 30%;
box-shadow: 2em 4em 4em rgba(255, 100, 0, 0.5);
}
畫出扇形的喙:
.beak {
grid-column: 5;
grid-row: 2;
height: 4.5em;
background-color: darkorange;
border-bottom-right-radius: 100%;
}
畫出半圓形的身體:
.body {
grid-column: 2 / 5;
grid-row: 3;
width: 30em;
background-color: saddlebrown;
border-radius: 0 0 15em 15em;
}
用偽元素,通過陰影畫出翅膀:
.body {
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.body::after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
width: 20em;
height: 10em;
border-radius: inherit;
box-shadow: 4em 2em 4em rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
left: calc((30em - 20em) / 2);
}
畫出扇形的尾巴:
.tail {
grid-column: 1;
grid-row: 1 / 3;
height: 22.5em;
background-color: burlywood;
align-self: end;
border-top-left-radius: 100%;
}
畫出扇形的腿:
.leg {
grid-column: 4;
grid-row: 4;
width: 8em;
background-color: burlywood;
border-bottom-right-radius: 100%;
}
畫出扇形的小爪子:
.foot {
grid-column: 4;
grid-row: 5;
width: 5.5em;
background-color: darkorange;
border-top-right-radius: 100%;
}
畫出半圓形的太陽:
.sun {
grid-column: 3 / 5;
grid-row: 1;
width: 17em;
--h: calc(17em / 2);
height: var(--h);
background-color: darkorange;
border-radius: 0 0 var(--h) var(--h);
}
畫出圓形的桔子和半圓形的葉片,注意此處葉片的畫法與前面畫半圓形的畫法不同:
.orange-stuff {
grid-column: 1;
grid-row: 3 / 6;
width: 16em;
height: 16em;
background-color: darkorange;
align-self: end;
justify-self: end;
border-radius: 50%;
position: relative;
}
.orange-stuff::before {
content: '';
position: absolute;
width: 8em;
height: 8em;
background: linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 50%, saddlebrown 50%);
border-radius: 50%;
top: -6.8em;
left: 10%;
}
在 dom 中再增加一些文字,包括標題、作者和麵值:
<div class="stamp">
<div class="puppy">
<!-- 略 -->
</div>
<p class="text">
<span class="title">Rooster</span>
<span class="author">comehope</span>
<span class="face-value">120</span>
</p>
</div>
設定標題的文字樣式:
.text {
position: relative;
width: calc(100% + 2em * 2);
height: 6em;
font-family: sans-serif;
}
.text .title {
position: absolute;
font-size: 6em;
font-weight: bold;
color: brown;
}
設定作者的文字樣式:
.text .author {
position: absolute;
font-size: 3em;
bottom: -1.2em;
color: dimgray;
}
設定面值的文字樣式:
.text .face-value {
position: absolute;
font-size: 14em;
right: 0;
line-height: 0.9em;
color: darkcyan;
}
大功告成!