centOS7安裝nginx做負載均衡
我的機器資訊：
系統版本：
[[email protected] ~]# lsb_release -a LSB Version: :core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch:cxx-4.1-amd64:cxx-4.1-noarch:desktop-4.1-amd64:desktop-4.1-noarch:languages-4.1-amd64:langu ages-4.1-noarch:printing-4.1-amd64:printing-4.1-noarch Distributor ID: CentOS Description: CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core) Release: 7.2.1511 Codename: Core
核心版本：
[[email protected] ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/version Linux version 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.8.3 20140911 (Red Hat 4.8.3-9) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015
如果是新環境的話，先安裝一些必要的命令工具
一. gcc 安裝 安裝 nginx 需要先將官網下載的原始碼進行編譯，編譯依賴 gcc 環境，如果沒有 gcc 環境，則需要安裝：
yum install gcc-c++二. PCRE pcre-devel 安裝 PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expressions) 是一個Perl庫，包括 perl 相容的正則表示式庫。nginx 的 http 模組使用 pcre 來解析正則表示式，所以需要在 linux 上安裝 pcre 庫，pcre-devel 是使用 pcre 開發的一個二次開發庫。nginx也需要此庫。命令：
yum install -y pcre pcre-devel三. zlib 安裝 zlib 庫提供了很多種壓縮和解壓縮的方式， nginx 使用 zlib 對 http 包的內容進行 gzip ，所以需要在 Centos 上安裝 zlib 庫。
yum install -y zlib zlib-devel四. OpenSSL 安裝 OpenSSL 是一個強大的安全套接字層密碼庫，囊括主要的密碼演算法、常用的金鑰和證書封裝管理功能及 SSL 協議，並提供豐富的應用程式供測試或其它目的使用。 nginx 不僅支援 http 協議，還支援 https（即在ssl協議上傳輸http），所以需要在 Centos 安裝 OpenSSL 庫。
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel開始安裝nginx
配置epel yum 源 wget http://dl.Fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm yum install nginx -y
檢視確認 是否安裝 [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa | grep nginx nginx-1.10.2-1.el7.x86_64 nginx-mod-stream-1.10.2-1.el7.x86_64 nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.10.2-1.el7.x86_64 nginx-all-modules-1.10.2-1.el7.noarch nginx-mod-http-perl-1.10.2-1.el7.x86_64 nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.10.2-1.el7.x86_64 nginx-mod-mail-1.10.2-1.el7.x86_64 nginx-filesystem-1.10.2-1.el7.noarch nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.10.2-1.el7.x86_64
檢視 安裝nginx 所生成的檔案 [[email protected] ~]# rpm -ql nginx /etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf.default /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.default /etc/nginx/koi-utf /etc/nginx/koi-win /etc/nginx/mime.types /etc/nginx/mime.types.default /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default /etc/nginx/scgi_params /etc/nginx/scgi_params.default /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params.default /etc/nginx/win-utf /usr/bin/nginx-upgrade /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service /usr/lib64/nginx/modules /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.10.2 /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.10.2/CHANGES /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.10.2/README /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.10.2/README.dynamic /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.10.2/UPGRADE-NOTES-1.6-to-1.10 /usr/share/licenses/nginx-1.10.2 /usr/share/licenses/nginx-1.10.2/LICENSE /usr/share/man/man3/nginx.3pm.gz /usr/share/man/man8/nginx-upgrade.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz /usr/share/nginx/html/404.html /usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/nginx-logo.png /usr/share/nginx/html/poweredby.png /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/ftdetect/nginx.vim /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/indent/nginx.vim /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/syntax/nginx.vim /var/lib/nginx /var/lib/nginx/tmp /var/log/nginx
三、測試nginx
#啟動nginx服務 systemctl start nginx.service #停止nginx服務 systemctl stop nginx.service #重啟nginx服務 systemctl restart nginx.service
#檢視執行狀態
systemctl status nginx.service
設定開機啟動 systemctl enable nginx.service
檢視nginx 啟動狀態 systemctl status nginx
檢視是否監聽
ss -tnl | grep 80 LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::*
測試 nginx
在瀏覽器中輸入 nginx 伺服器的ip 地址 備註：如果不能正常訪問，關閉防火牆 systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall開機啟動 firewall-cmd --state #檢視預設防火牆狀態（關閉後顯示notrunning，開啟後顯示running）
或者開啟Linux 80埠
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
如果還不能訪問，關閉SElinux
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1
測試頁面
錯誤日誌路徑(可以自定義) vi /var/log/nginx/error.log
安裝成功
四、nginx 的配置檔案說明
配置檔案路徑 vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
我測試時使用的下面的配置
user root;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
upstream tomcat_onlineAPI {
#我這裡使用的是IPhash負載策略，可以配置你想用的
ip_hash;
#Tomcat伺服器的IP和埠號
server 192.168.199.149:9999;
server 192.168.199.57:8080;
}
server {
#監聽埠80
listen 80;
#可以使用serverName訪問
server_name www.tyr.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
#pass引數http://後跟的是上面upstream後的名稱
proxy_pass http://tomcat_onlineAPI;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
配置完後重啟nginx，進行訪問測試