(實用篇)一步步搭建Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis(SSM)框架
一、前言
本篇內容是培訓作業的第一個任務,旨在搭建一個SSM框架,做一個HTML頁面,能查詢,能插入資料(新建使用者)、登陸。實現的功能最為基礎,但是要求所有程式碼均為手寫,不能使用Mybatis 自動生成mapping和dao。由於此框架是後面一系列任務的基礎,所以,還是有必要完整的記錄下所有的細節過程,一方面希望幫助有需要的同學,另一方面也做一個階段性的總結與回顧。
二、環境相關介紹
2.1 環境介紹
環境:jdk1.8 + Spring(4.3.10) + Mybatis(3.2.7) + apache-tomcat(8.0.52) + MySQL(5.1.21) + Oracle(11.2.0.3)
2.2 專案程式碼說明
此專案程式碼已經上傳到,由於後續任務的推進也會不定時更新。
三、搭建SSM框架
3.1 建立maven專案
3.2 完整專案結構
完整的專案結構如上圖所示,包括基本的框架部分、配置檔案部分、測試部分、前端部分等內容。
3.3 引入maven jar包
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.lixj.work</groupId> <artifactId>task_one</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <properties> <!-- spring版本號 --> <spring.version>4.3.10.RELEASE</spring.version> <!-- mybatis版本號 --> <mybatis.version>3.2.7</mybatis.version> <!-- log4j日誌檔案管理包版本 --> <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.21</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.oracle</groupId> <artifactId>ojdbc6</artifactId> <version>11.2.0.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId> <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> <classifier>jdk15</classifier> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>0.2.9</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.7.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>1.9.11</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.1.26</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId> org.aspectj</groupId > <artifactId> aspectjweaver</artifactId > <version> 1.8.7</version > </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jdk.tools</groupId> <artifactId>jdk.tools</artifactId> <version>1.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.jr</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-jr-all</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.jgroups/jgroups --> <dependency> <groupId>org.jgroups</groupId> <artifactId>jgroups</artifactId> <version>4.0.12.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.thetransactioncompany</groupId> <artifactId>jsonrpc2-client</artifactId> <version>1.15</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>task_one</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> <configuration> <verbose>true</verbose> <overwrite>true</overwrite> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
3.4 Spring與MyBatis的整合
所有需要的JAR包都引入以後,首先進行Spring與MyBatis的整合,然後再進行JUnit測試效果。
3.4.1 配置檔案相關內容
jdbc.properties
該檔案主要功能:資料庫連線資源相關。
#定義初始連線數 initialSize=0 #定義最大連線數 maxActive=20 #定義最大空閒 maxIdle=20 #定義最小空閒 minIdle=1 #定義最長等待時間 maxWait=60000 # MySQL資料庫連線配置 validationQuery=SELECT 1 jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/user?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8 jdbc_username=root jdbc_password=123456789 jdbc_driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver # Oracle資料庫連線配置 #validationQuery=SELECT 1 FROM DUAL #jdbc_url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.1.2:1521:orcl #jdbc_username=scott #jdbc_password=123456789 #jdbc_driver=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
#定義日誌輸出目的地為控制檯
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
#可以靈活地指定日誌輸出格式,下面一行是指定具體的格式
log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n
#檔案大小到達指定尺寸的時候產生一個新的檔案
log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
#指定輸出目錄
log4j.appender.File.File = logs/ssm.log
#定義檔案最大大小
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
# 輸出所以日誌,如果換成DEBUG表示輸出DEBUG以上級別日誌
log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL
log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern =[%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%c]%m%n
spring.xml
該檔案主要功能:引入配置屬性檔案、自動掃描。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
">
<!-- 引入資料庫配置屬性檔案 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
<!-- 自動掃描(自動注入) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.service" />
</beans>
spring-mybatis.xml
該檔案主要功能:整合spring和mybatis、配置資料來源、自動掃描、自動注入。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
">
<!-- 配置資料來源 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc_driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc_username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}" />
<!-- 初始化連線大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
<!-- 連線池最大使用連線數量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
<!-- 連線池最大空閒 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
<!-- 連線池最小空閒 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
<!-- 獲取連線最大等待時間 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
<property name="validationQuery" value="${validationQuery}" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
<property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
<!-- 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測,檢測需要關閉的空閒連線,單位是毫秒 -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
<!-- 配置一個連線在池中最小生存的時間,單位是毫秒 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="25200000" />
<!-- 開啟removeAbandoned功能 -->
<property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />
<!-- 1800秒,也就是30分鐘 -->
<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" />
<!-- 關閉abanded連線時輸出錯誤日誌 -->
<property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />
<!-- 監控資料庫 -->
<property name="filters" value="mergeStat" />
</bean>
<!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置對映檔案 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自動掃描entity目錄, 省掉Configuration.xml裡的手工配置 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/mapping/*.xml" />
</bean>
<!-- DAO介面所在包名,Spring會自動查詢其下的類。採用包掃描的方式配置 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 註解方式配置事物 -->
<!-- <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> -->
<!-- 攔截器方式配置事物 -->
<tx:advice id="transactionAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="append*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="modify*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="edit*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="remove*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="repair" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="delAndRepair" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />
<tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />
<tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />
<tx:method name="search*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />
<tx:method name="datagrid*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />
<tx:method name="*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="transactionPointcut" expression="execution(* sy.service..*Impl.*(..))" />
<aop:advisor pointcut-ref="transactionPointcut" advice-ref="transactionAdvice" />
</aop:config>
<!-- 配置druid監控spring jdbc -->
<bean id="druid-stat-interceptor" class="com.alibaba.druid.support.spring.stat.DruidStatInterceptor">
</bean>
<bean id="druid-stat-pointcut" class="org.springframework.aop.support.JdkRegexpMethodPointcut" scope="prototype">
<property name="patterns">
<list>
<value>com.service.*</value>
<value>com.serviceImpl.*</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<aop:config>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="druid-stat-interceptor" pointcut-ref="druid-stat-pointcut" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
3.4.2 JUnit測試
3.4.2.1 建立測試用表:
注意!MySQL與Oracle中,設定主鍵方式不同,MySQL中直接指定欄位id AUTO_INCREMENT為自增主鍵,Oracle中則需要觸發器或自增序列設定自增主鍵。
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` INT (11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_name` VARCHAR (40) NOT NULL,
`user_password` VARCHAR (255) NOT NULL
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE = INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', '張三', '11111');
3.4.3.2 建立實體類、MyBatis對映檔案以及DAO介面
此部分對應內容為如下,由於是手寫,沒有采用MyBatis Generator自動建立程式碼,所以mapping只測試了四個功能。
3.4.3.3 建立Service介面及其實現類
此部分對應內容為如下:
具體內容如下:
UserService.java
package com.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.model.User;
public interface UserService {
public User getUserById(int id);
public boolean regist(String username, String password);
public boolean login(String username, String password);
public List<User> selectAll();
}
UserServiceImpl.java
package com.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.dao.UserDao;
import com.model.User;
import com.service.UserService;
@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Resource
private UserDao userDao;
public User getUserById(int id) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return this.userDao.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
}
@Override
public boolean regist(String username, String password) {
System.out.println("==========");
System.out.println("userServiceImpl, regist: " + username + password);
System.out.println("輸入的賬號:" + username + "輸入的密碼:" + password);
if (username==""||password=="") {
return false;
}else {
userDao.addUser(username, password);
return true;
}
}
@Override
public boolean login(String username, String password) {
System.out.println("==========");
System.out.println("userServiceImpl, login: " + username + password);
System.out.println("輸入的賬號:" + username + "輸入的密碼:" + password);
User user = userDao.findUserByNameAndPwd(username, password);
if (user != null) {
if (user.getUser_name().equals(username) && user.getUser_password().equals(password)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
@Override
public List<User> selectAll() {
return this.userDao.selectAllUser();
}
}
3.4.3.3 建立測試用例
此部分對應內容為如下:
測試類中採用註解的方式來引入配置檔案和類,然後再將service介面物件注入,就可以進行測試了。測試成功則表示Spring和Mybatis整合成功。輸出資訊使用的是Log4j列印到控制檯。
測試類如下:
package com.test;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.model.User;
import com.service.UserService;
/**
* @ClassName: testweb
* @Description: TODO
* @author: li_xj
* @date: 2018年9月16日 上午12:07:55
*
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring.xml", "classpath:spring-mybatis.xml" })
public class testweb {
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(testweb.class);
@Resource
private UserService userService;
@Test(expected=java.lang.ArithmeticException.class)
public void test1() {
System.out.println("test1");
User user = userService.getUserById(1);
logger.info(JSON.toJSONString(user));
}
}
測試結果:
至此,整合完成Spring和mybatis兩大框架。
3.5 整合SpringMVC
3.5.1 配置spring-mvc.xml
spring-mvc.xml
該檔案主要功能:自動掃描控制器,設定靜態資源,啟動註解功能,設定檢視解析器。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 預設的註解對映的支援 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 解決:No mapping found for HTTP request with URI的問題 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!-- 基於註解的Handler配置 自動掃描controller包下的所有類,使其認為spring mvc的控制器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.controller" />
<!-- 靜態資源存在時候不進行對映,表示WEB-VENDER下的東西都是靜態資源 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/WEB-VENDER/**" location="/WEB-VENDER/" />
<!--
2,3. 啟動Spring MVC的註解功能,完成請求和註解POJO的對映
AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter與RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
為 spring mvc 支援類註解和方法級別註解的兩個處理類
-->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- json轉換器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" />
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 4. 檢視解析器 對模型檢視名稱的解析,即在模型檢視名稱新增前後綴 解析jsp解析,預設使用jstl標籤,classpath下的得有jstl的包 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:prefix="/WEB-INF/html/" p:suffix=".html" />
<!-- 避免IE執行AJAX時,返回JSON出現下載檔案 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.MediaType">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="text" />
<constructor-arg index="1" value="plain" />
<constructor-arg index="2" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.MediaType">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="*" />
<constructor-arg index="1" value="*" />
<constructor-arg index="2" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.MediaType">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="text" />
<constructor-arg index="1" value="*" />
<constructor-arg index="2" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.MediaType">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="application" />
<constructor-arg index="1" value="json" />
<constructor-arg index="2" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
3.5.2 配置web.xml
該檔案主要功能:配置的spring-mvc的Servlet、對spring.xml與spring-mybatis.xml的引入。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>maven-web-demo</display-name>
<servlet>
<description>spring mvc servlet</description>
<servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<description>spring mvc 的配置檔案:spring-mvc.xml</description>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>/index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>/index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>/default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>/default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>/default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<display-name>mybatis</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring.xml,classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>spring.profiles.active</param-name>
<param-value>dev</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name>
<param-value>dev</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain</param-name>
<param-value>dev</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<description>字符集過濾器</description>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<description>字符集編碼</description>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<description>spring監聽器</description>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
3.5.3 建立UserController類
UserController.java
package com.controller;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.model.User;
import com.service.UserService;
/**
*
* @ClassName: userController
* @Description: TODO
* @author: li_xj
* @date: 2018年9月15日 下午4:20:53
*
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
private UserService userService;
public UserService getUserService() {
return userService;
}
@Autowired
public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
this.userService = userService;
}
//測試
@RequestMapping(value="/showUser/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String showUser(@PathVariable int id, HttpServletRequest request) {
System.out.println(id);
User user = userService.getUserById(id);
System.out.println(user);
request.setAttribute("user", user);
return "showUser";
}
//正常訪問new_user頁面
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String index(){
return "index";
}
//正常訪問system_index頁面
@RequestMapping("/system_index")
public String system_index(){
return "system_index";
}
//驗證regist
@RequestMapping(value="/checkRegist", method=RequestMethod.POST, produces="text/html;charset=UTF-8;")
@ResponseBody //只返回資料,不返回頁面
public String checkRegist(HttpServletRequest request, @RequestBody String user) {
System.out.println("==========");
String[] strs=user.split("\"");
String username = strs[3];
String password = strs[7];
System.out.println("使用者註冊:" + username + password);
boolean registType = userService.regist(username, password);
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
if (registType) {
jsonObject.put("message", "註冊成功!");
return jsonObject.toJSONString();
}else{
jsonObject.put("message", "註冊失敗!");
return jsonObject.toJSONString();
}
}
//驗證login
@RequestMapping(value="/checkLogin", method=RequestMethod.POST, produces="text/html;charset=UTF-8;")
@ResponseBody
public String checkLogin(HttpServletRequest request, @RequestBody String user) {
System.out.println("==========");
String[] strs=user.split("\"");
String username = strs[3];
String password = strs[7];
System.out.println("使用者登入:" + username + password);
boolean loginType = userService.login(username, password);
System.out.println(loginType);
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
if(loginType){
jsonObject.put("message", "true");
return jsonObject.toJSONString();
}else{
jsonObject.put("message", "fail");
return jsonObject.toJSONString();
}
}
// 查詢所有使用者
@RequestMapping(value="/selectAllUser", method=RequestMethod.POST, produces="text/html;charset=UTF-8;")
@ResponseBody
public String selectAllUser(HttpServletRequest request) {
System.out.println("=====選擇所有使用者======");
List<User> userList = userService.selectAll();
JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();
for(User user:userList) {
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("id", user.getId());
jsonObject.put("user_name", user.getUser_name());
jsonObject.put("user_password", user.getUser_password());
jsonArray.add(jsonObject);
}
System.out.println(jsonArray);
return jsonArray.toJSONString();
}
}
3.5.4 新建前端部分
3.5.4.1 採用jsp
由於本文最終顯示互動的是HTML頁面,所以在配置時將檢視解析器設定為html,在測試整合springmvc結果時,可以採用jsp頁面測試,修改spring-mvc.xml檔案如下:
<!-- 4. 檢視解析器 對模型檢視名稱的解析,即在模型檢視名稱新增前後綴 解析jsp解析,預設使用jstl標籤,classpath下的得有jstl的包 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
結果如下:
至此,SSM三大框架的整合完成!!!
3.5.4.2 採用HTML
SSM三大框架的整合完成後,考慮的問題是實現簡單的登陸註冊功能。前端部分採用bootstrap設定樣式內容,顯示頁面為HTML頁面而非jsp頁面。jsp頁面可以採用如${user.userName}的方式,將後臺資料直接顯示在前端,而HTML頁面則需要Ajax非同步傳輸獲取結果。
此部分結構如圖:
主要邏輯:前端訪問index.html頁面後,輸入使用者名稱密碼,通過Ajax將輸入的資料傳送到後臺controller,controller中通過指定介面service中的方法,在實現類serviceImpl中,操作dao對應的mapping實現具體的SQL。
部分關鍵程式碼:
index.js
$.ajax({
type: "post",
url: "/task_one/user/checkRegist",
dataType:'json',
contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8",
data: JSON.stringify(user),
success:function(result){
alert(result.message);
location.reload();
},
error: function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {
console.log(XMLHttpRequest.status);
console.log(XMLHttpRequest.readyState);
console.log(textStatus);
}
});
UserController.java
//驗證regist
@RequestMapping(value="/checkRegist", method=RequestMethod.POST, produces="text/html;charset=UTF-8;")
@ResponseBody //只返回資料,不返回頁面
public String checkRegist(HttpServletRequest request, @RequestBody String user) {
System.out.println("==========");
String[] strs=user.split("\"");
String username = strs[3];
String password = strs[7];
System.out.println("使用者註冊:" + username + password);
boolean registType = userService.regist(username, password);
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
if (registType) {
jsonObject.put("message", "註冊成功!");
return jsonObject.toJSONString();
}else{
jsonObject.put("message", "註冊失敗!");
return jsonObject.toJSONString();
}
}
UserService.java 介面中定義的方法:
public boolean regist(String username, String password);
UserServiceImpl.java 實現類中對應的實現方法:
@Override
public boolean regist(String username, String password) {
System.out.println("==========");
System.out.println("userServiceImpl, regist: " + username + password);
System.out.println("輸入的賬號:" + username + "輸入的密碼:" + password);
if (username==""||password=="") {
return false;
}else {
userDao.addUser(username, password);
return true;
}
}
UserDao.java 中定義的add方法:
public void addUser(@Param("user_name")String username,@Param("user_password") String password);
最終UserMapper.xml 中對映的實現SQL:
<insert id="addUser">
<!-- MySQL -->
insert into USER(user_name, user_password) values(#{user_name,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{user_password,jdbcType=VARCHAR})
<!-- Oracle -->
insert into USER(id, user_name, user_password) values(userinfo_id.nextval, #{user_name,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{user_password,jdbcType=VARCHAR})
</insert>
3.6 結果展示
最終的登陸頁面:
使用者名稱或密碼錯誤提示:
註冊成功提示:
登陸成功提示:
登陸成功後自動跳轉到系統首頁,查詢所有使用者資訊:
此時資料庫內容如下:
至此,所有內容整合構建完畢!!!
四、總結
本人菜鳥一個,水平一般,能力有限。雖然之前接觸過並搭建過SSM框架,但是藉助MyBatis Generator等工具,對於底層的實現過程以及對映過程不是很清晰,在自己手動寫了一遍之後,深有感觸,本文只是實現了最基本的框架以及最基本的註冊登陸,在實際操作過程中,肯定存在很多值得優化的地方。在框架的整合與功能實現的整個過程中,總結的錯誤及內容點多達37個,附於錯誤集錦。對於spring的內容還需要更深一層次的理解與感悟,日後有時間在繼續優化、重構程式碼。
與君共勉!
五、錯誤集錦
1. Eclipse 修改maven 倉儲Repository位置 https://blog.csdn.net/anialy/article/details/21876099
2. maven映象修改 https://blog.csdn.net/only_wan/article/details/52975698
3. maven 轉 maven web https://blog.csdn.net/zouxucong/article/details/56009537
4. ..\target\m2e-wtp\web-resources\META-INF\MANIFEST.MF (系統找不到指定的路徑)解決辦法 https://blog.csdn.net/liliang_11676/article/details/79272348
5. Maven專案pom.xml檔案報錯“web.xml is missing and <failOnMissingWebXml> is set to true” http://blog.51cto.com/wuyongzhiyi/1927436
6. navicat 連線Oracle資料庫 OCI更新 https://www.cnblogs.com/taojietx/p/6627934.html https://blog.csdn.net/suyu_yuan/article/details/51321761
7. 使用maven新增、管理oracle驅動包 https://blog.csdn.net/dwfyzf/article/details/78983066
8. Oracle 對錶的基本操作 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33369215/article/details/52775308
9. get,set快捷鍵 右鍵--source--Generate Getters and Setters
10. 模板各模組註釋快捷鍵 alt+shift+J
11. Oracle 實現主鍵自增 https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/358461319.html
CREATE sequence userinfo_seq START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1;
12. oracle 時間格式 to_date('2018-09-15 16:36:00', 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
13. No compiler is provided in this environment. Perhaps you are running on a JRE rather than a JDK?
14. spring報錯Error creating bean with name... spring-mvc 掃描包 spring-mybatis 掃描service與serviceImpl spring 新增資料庫配置檔案與掃描service https://blog.csdn.net/grit_icpc/article/details/58141424 https://blog.csdn.net/zhanghe687/article/details/71214166
15. 配置jdbc.properties檔案 https://blog.csdn.net/u012562943/article/details/52489447 https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangchengzhangtuo/p/5614305.html
16. Spring連線mysql資料庫錯誤:Cannot load JDBC driver class '${driver}' 沒有引入jdbc.properties配置檔案,系統無法識別
17. jdk.tools-1.8.jar jdk.tools-1.8.jar 在jdk的中找到 不需要額外下載 https://blog.csdn.net/fruitzerg/article/details/78339518
18. eclipse解決專案validate卡住的問題 https://blog.csdn.net/u011747152/article/details/79071388 https://blog.csdn.net/ksdb0468473/article/details/52249028
19. Not found org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter 新增jar包 <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.jr</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-jr-all</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> https://blog.csdn.net/hongweigg/article/details/46919235
20. 測試環境中,新增內容: @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring.xml", "classpath:spring-mybatis.xml" }) 引入jdbc.properties檔案
21. impl 與 service放一起,掃描時一起掃描
22. 表單內容自動提交null 在controller中新加正常訪問內容: //正常訪問login頁面 @RequestMapping("/regist") public String regist(){ return "regist"; } 驗證的內容寫在另一個方法中: @RequestMapping(value="/checkRegist", method=RequestMethod.GET) public String checkRegist(User user, HttpServletRequest request) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
https://blog.csdn.net/s740556472/article/details/71247285
23. ajax response亂碼 在@RequestMapping裡的併發配置produces={"application/json;","text/html;charset=UTF-8;"} https://www.cnblogs.com/zique/p/6171862.html
24. annotation @RequestBody is disallowed for this location I am stupid. The proper annotation is @ResponseBody, not @RequestBody. http://forum.spring.io/forum/spring-projects/roo/111922-annotation-requestbody-is-disallowed-for-this-location
25. JQuery的ajax往後臺傳值情況 https://blog.csdn.net/binghuazheng/article/details/78380338
26. ajax後臺資料返回前端: 0.URL問題:這個URL是指向的controller中的mapping地址,為: 專案名 + controller的mapping + function的mapping 1. 設定function為 @ResponseBody ,設定成只返回資料,指向頁面 2.返回的資料顯示亂碼:在controller中的mapping中,新增:@RequestMapping(produces="text/html;charset=UTF-8;") 3.前端的ajax中,指定資料格式為json,在後臺返回時,要新建jsonobjet物件,封裝資料,再傳到前端ajax時可以正常解析;否則在狀態正常時,也會出現解析格式錯誤; 27. js前端驗證輸入是否為空 https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/535920141.html
28. ORA-00928 missing SELECT keyword http://ruowu.iteye.com/blog/648677
29. Oracle 連結資料庫:ORA-00904: invalid identifier 非法識別符號,說明sql寫的列名可能識別不到。網上有說不能加引號,否則識別不到。 但是在此mapping 的xml檔案中,每個用到的欄位都需要加雙引號才能正確識別。 select "id", "user_name", "user_password" from "userinfo" where "id" = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
30. html檔案引用靜態資源:css,js,img <link rel="stylesheet" href="/task/WEB-VENDER/css/signin.css" > 設定spring-mvc.xml: <!-- 靜態資源存在時候不進行對映,表示WEB-VENDER下的東西都是靜態資源 --> <mvc:resources mapping="/WEB-VENDER/**" location="/WEB-VENDER/" /> 然後直接引用 /task/...路徑即可。
31. TooManyResultsException異常 https://blog.csdn.net/liu_005/article/details/50822544
32. Mapper method 'com.dao.UserDao.addUser' has an unsupported return type: class com.model.User addUser()方法為void型別 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32917699/article/details/77743453 https://www.cnblogs.com/dushan/p/5175779.html
33. 後臺 list 轉換成json格式:先構造json物件,再存入資料中。 JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(); for(User user:userList) { JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); jsonObject.put("id", user.getId()); jsonObject.put("user_name", user.getUser_name()); jsonObject.put("user_password", user.getUser_password()); jsonArray.add(jsonObject); }
34. js如何把伺服器裡面的json資料渲染輸出到html頁面 https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000012895596 迴圈拼接,其他框架
35. 前端json字串解析出json物件 https://www.cnblogs.com/songyunxinQQ529616136/p/6259559.html https://www.cnblogs.com/redfire/p/7702108.html
36. html 換行 <br>
37. sql排序:order by "" desc(降序)/asc(升序)
六、參考連結
https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000012895596
https://blog.csdn.net/binghuazheng/article/details/78380338
https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangchengzhangtuo/p/5614305.html